preserved - pannous/hieros GitHub Wiki
Even though the exact pronunciation fluctuated significantly over dialects and centuries, we have a quite stable core in many Egyptian and Akkadian words:
In general the more syllables a recorded word has, the greater the confidence in a relative continuity of the pronunciation:
| word | meaning | preserved variants |
|---|---|---|
| 𓃀 | foot / pod | ⲫⲁⲧ |
| 𓄏 𒋛 | horn | qarnu |
| 𓄿 𓋴 𓐎 | viscera | > ahscha ال أحشا |
| 𓎛 𓃀 𓅱 𓃒 | to bind | y'herbut يربط |
| 𓎛 𓋴 𓃀 𓅱 𓐎 𓏛 | count | ħseb @ Berber ⇔ 7 sieben sieve Ziffer 0 safár סָפַר < 𐎒𐎔𐎗 spr |
| 𓇋 𓋴 𓊪 𓏏 𓄛 | quiver | ispatu 𒅖𒉺𒌅 iš-pa-tu 𒅖𒉺𒌈 iš-pa-tum #išpatu אַשְׁפָּה ʾašpā™ 𐎜𐎘𐎔𐎚 ủṯpt |
| 𓈖 𓊪 𓂋 𓇋 𓇡 | grain | نَفَقَ nafaqa => 𐭭𐭠𐭯𐭪 nāfag = Nabel |
| 𓂧 𓈖 𓎛 𓆃 | wing | ⲧⲉⲛϩ ডানা ḍana ⇔ down |
| 𓂧 𓊪 𓇋 𓇋 𓆊 | crocodile | champsai tmsahh ⇔ 𓅓 𓊃 𓎛 𓆊 |
| 𓂧 𓊪 𓏏 𓊛 | ship | ال سفينتين ship/boat@phoenicia |
| 𓂧 𓏇 𓇋 𓊳 | (ornamental) fruit dish | thamar @AR |
| 𓃀 𓂧 𓂧 𓅱 𓂸 𓅱 𓆰 𓏥 | water-melon | battich@AR אֲבַטִּיחַ በጢሕ => Bottich |
| 𓃀 𓂧 𓂧 𓅱 𓂓 𓂸 𓆰 𓏥 | water melon | ফুটি phuṭi-瓜 koe/瓜guā 𓃀𓂧𓂧 بِطِّيخ biṭṭīḵ paṭṭīḥā petêx |
| 𓃀 𓃀 𓂋 | Babylon | |
| 𓅓 𓂝 𓈙 𓂋 𓅱 𓇰 | evening | المساء masar > Messe |
| 𓅓 𓈙 𓂝 𓀎 𓏥 | soldiers, army, infantry, gang (of workmen) | Al masha ال مشاة ⇔ march |
| 𓏠 𓈖 𓐍 𓏏 𓍊 | willingness (of heart) | مُنْيَة munya ? |
| 𓋴 𓎛 𓏏 𓍃 𓅪 | destroy, shatter | shatim حطّم |
| 𓋴 𓉔 𓄿 𓇋 𓇋 𓏏 𓂻 | (v. infinitive) bring down, make to fall | shachah@HEB |
| 𓈎 𓂝 𓎛 𓂢 | elbow, arm, shoulder | ⇔ الكتف al kahteph ? |
| 𓈖 𓌰 𓅓 𓂝 𓁀 | go to sleep | نام nām ⇔ night |
| 𓈖 𓍇 𓏌 𓁹 | see, look | nadzar نَظَرَ naẓara … |
| 𓋴 𓊪 𓏏 𓂏 | lip (of mouth, vulva, | shphat الشفة AR ⇔ sparte Spalt Scheide 𓄞𓂧𓊌 |
| 𓅓𓏱𓏏 | death, mortal… | مهرگ … מות māweṯ موت mawt الموت մահ |
| 𓐍 𓊪 𓊪 𓇋 𓇋 𓀁 𓏪 | (pl.) strange, queer | qəribə غَرِيب ḡarīb -𐌱𐌰 |
| 𓐍 𓏏 𓊮 | fire | ቃጥሎ ḳaṭlo => qâdach קדח … 𓊮 |
| 𓐍 𓏏 𓅓 𓋩 𓂡 | seal | חותם khotam خَتْم ḵatm Ketten ⇔ 𓋴 𓍑 𓏏 𓅱 𓋩 signet |
| 𓐝 𓂝 𓎼 𓄿 𓄝 | skirmisher | Mnauisha مناوشة (?) |
| 𓄿 𓊃 𓐎 | bald | أَصْلَع ʾaṣlaʿ ⇔ ash white bald eagle |
| 𓐣 𓅱 𓂝 𓏏 𓏯 | shell (to hold ink ?) | davat@Hindi,Persi,Arab |
| 𓂋 𓐍 𓏏 𓂝 | wash (clothes) | rachats@HEB |
| 𓂧 𓇬 𓈖 𓌒 | stretch (bow) | מיד tâmîyd ? |
| 𓃀 𓅡 𓂓 𓇼 | morning | בוקר bvaka® @Sanscrit ⇔ wake |
| 𓇋 𓏠 𓈖 𓊿 | right (-hand), right-side, the West | yamiyn@HEB! ⇔ manual𓂝𓂜 |
| 𓈖 𓆱 𓐍 𓏏 𓀜 𓁷 𓏤 | violent | nadach™@HEB ? |
| 𓊪 𓈎 𓏏 𓆀 𓋳 𓏥 | fine linen | פשתן pishtán |
| 𓊪 𓈙 𓊃 𓏴 𓏛 | divide | פיצל pitz@HEB pass<part>poszt@HUN! pažnel@Armenian раздел |
| 𓎼 𓂋 𓀁 | silence | خَرِسَ ḵarisa خرس ḵiris kluss χαλάω khaláō խաղաղ xałał chalāre calm ⇔ |
| 𓎼 𓂋 𓍅 𓀁 | lie | خَرَسَ ḵarasa греша́ grešá ცრუ cruˣ ⇔ غَلَط ḡalaṭ гӏалат ग़लत galat għelt ღალატი ɣalaṭi ղալաթ |
| 𓋴 𓅱 𓎛 𓏏 𓆱 | coffin | صُنْدُوق ṣundūq |
| 𓊶 𓊪 𓊋 𓀀 | cover | kâphâ חפף 𓊶 |
| 𓊶 𓊪 𓏏 𓊮 | Kyphi incense | कपि kapi incense ⇔ καπνός smoke ⇔ Kaffee |
| 𓐍 𓆑 𓂝 𓂬 𓏤 | fist | χούφτα > γροθιά אגרוף g-r-p ⇔ grab carpe capture |
| 𓎡 𓆑 𓄿 𓄖 | back, (be)hind | خَلْفَ ḵalfa ⇔ خ ل ف ḵ-l-f •ḫalap halb 𓄂…𓄖 |
| 𓃀 𓂓 𓇳 𓏭 | tomorrow, morning | •bvokara בֹּקֶר / בוקר bóker bwaker Wecker wake |
| 𓃹 𓈖 𓃀 𓆰 | flower, plant | نَبَات nabāt ⇔ 𓅘 𓎛 𓃀 𓏏 𓆸 bud 𓆹 phyt |
| 𓈖 𓊪 𓂋 𓇋 𓇡 | grain | نَفَقَ nafaqa! => 𐭭𐭠𐭯𐭪 nāfag = Nabel 𓂋 |
| 𓈖 𓊪 𓅮 𓄿 𓅱 𓏥 𓏲 | umbilical cord | 𐭭𐭠𐭯𐭪 nāfag नाभि nā́bhi Nabel𓏲 PIE: h₃nobh-ilos |
| 𓃀 𓅮 𓄿 𓂋 𓏤 𓎡 𓄿 𓍘 𓇋 | lake | bairkati Arabic 'Birket' !! بركة vs البحيرة |
| 𓐍 𓋴 𓍙 𓆑 | opponent | خَصْم ḵaṣm <> chasm +++ |
Akkadian being a Semitic language, the correspondences are countless:
𒁕𒁍 | da-buʳ | the Bear | דבא debā
𒂊𒋛𒇻 | ᵍe-se-lu | أَشَلَّ ʾašalla | paralyze
𒅕𒁍 ir-bu | locust | אַרְבֶּה arbé
𒅕𒁀 er-ba | 𓊖 40 | ኣርባዓ ʾarbaʿa ארבעין arb‘īn אַרְבָּעִים arba'ím
…
Egyptian being an Afroasiatic language, the correspondences are many:
𓂋 𓂧 𓂾 | steps | د ر ج d-r-ʒ step ⇔ Trab, direction
𓂋 𓐍 𓏏 𓂝 | wash (clothes) | רָחַץ rakháts رَحَضَ raḥaḍa ⇔ rect… reinige rags ر ح ض r-ḥ-ḍ رَجِسَ rajisa dreck
𓎛 𓆑 𓄿 𓅂 𓆙 | snake| Hafa أَفْعَى ʾafʿā חויא ḥewyā
𓈙 𓏏 𓅂 𓆉 | turtle | schildpad ܣܠܘܦܝܬܐ sallōp̄īṯā 𒊺𒈜𒁍 #šeleppû 𒃻𒅮𒈾 •šáˡbuna ≈ 𒊺𒂗𒅮𒈾 še-en-bun₂na PSM𓆄 𓅱 𓏏 𓏮 𓂡 | trader | #šwt সওদাগর śôwdagôr सौदागर სოვდაგარი sovdagari سوداگر sowdâgar sövdəgər
preserved proper nouns:
𓃀 𓅮 𓄿 𓂋 𓏤 𓎡 𓄿 𓍘 𓇋 lake ‘bairkati Arabic ‘Birket‘ !! بركة vs البحيرة
𓃀 𓅮 𓄿 𓂋 𓏤 𓎡 𓄿 𓍘 𓇋 Birket example of very shallow reading!
also see wanderwort
𒄑𒃶𒈾 bukānu בוכנה būḵānā "pestle"
𒌑𒌋𒌋𒁺 šam-man-du šamandar شَمَنْدَر 𒌑𒄢𒁯 u₂ sumun-dar 𒌑𒇰𒊬𒊬 sumundar "beetroot"
𒆠𒋢𒇻𒂠𒃻 KI.SU.LU.EŠ₂.GAR kisu'luešgar جيش gēš لشکر laśkar ლაშქარი laškari leşker "army"
𒉄 NAGAR נגר ܢܰܓܳܪܳܐ naggārā נַגָּרָא nagārā nagoro نجار naggār "carpenter"
𒁼 išdu ≈ 𒋗𒁺 ŠU.DU 𒁼 išdu إِشَادَة ʔišāda 𐎊𐎒𐎄 ysd ייסוד yesud "foundation, base (of building)".
𒁄 balak פלך פֶּלֶך pélekh Akk. pilaqqu "spindle"
𒁍 gazin غُصَيْن ḡuṣayn "stick"
𒉏𒊒 nim-ru 𒊊𒌉 nemur נִמְרָא nimrā 𓃮 “leopard” 𓌳 𓅱 𓃬 •nwmrw
𒈠𒁖𒆪 madakku مِدَقَّة midaqqa "pestle"
𒄑𒃶𒈾 bukānu בוכנה būḵānā "pestle"
𒐊𒈾𒀝𒆠𒋢 inakisuʳ اِنْكَسَرَ inkásar (cut off) ⇔ Kaiser Schnitt
𓎛 𓃀 𓋴 𓋳 hrbs > halbis yalbis להלביש lehalbish يلبس "clothe"
Many Egyptian locations have their names derived from ancient names:
دمنهور Damanhour 𓂧 𓏇 𓇋 𓇋 𓊖 𓏌 𓅄 domain horu "House/City/Settlement of Horus" ⲡϯⲙⲓⲛ̀ϩⲱⲣ תמנחור Temenkhūr
ابو صير Abu Sir 𓉐 𓏤 𓊨 𓁹 𓀭 Abode Osiris'
الفيوم Fayoum 𓅮 𓄿 𓇋 𓇋 𓆲 𓈗 𓈘 ( 𓆲 for 𓅓·𓂝 ) pa ym "The sea"
أسيوط Asyūṭ Asyut Assiout ⲥⲓⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲥⲓⲱⲟⲩⲧ Siōwt 𓎂 𓅱 𓏏 𓊖 •Schutz "the city that protects"
أسوان ʾAswān Assouan Assuan Aswan Ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ Souan Syene 𓋴 𓃹 𓈖 𓏏 𓊖 swnt𓊖 Swenett "trade" 𓆄 𓅱 𓏏 𓏮 𓂡 | trader | #šwt
Tell Basta 𓎰 Bastet @ Bubastis
Al Hatnoub "place of gold" noble hut
Al-Ashmunayn Ashmunein Ashmounein 𐄎𓅱𓏌𓊖𓏏 "City of the Eight / Ogdoad" Ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ Shmun 𓋉 Khemenu ḫmnw Hermoⁿpolis
many more …
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