Riggen_HomeLab_PlanForIT_10 - itnett/FTD02H-N GitHub Wiki

Based on your detailed requirements and previous discussions, let's create a comprehensive setup plan for your Proxmox lab environment. This plan will cover High-Level Design (HLD), Low-Level Design (LLD), IP plan, VLAN plan, naming standards, and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for various aspects of your lab, such as security, storage, networking, and user administration.

1. High-Level Design (HLD):

The High-Level Design outlines the overall structure and goals of your Proxmox lab environment:

Purpose:

  • To create a flexible, learning-focused lab environment for testing various IT scenarios, including virtualization, networking, cloud services, security, and containerization.

Objectives:

  1. Virtualization Platform: Proxmox VE will be used as the primary hypervisor for managing VMs and containers.
  2. Network Segmentation: Using VLANs to isolate different environments and simulate various network topologies.
  3. Redundancy and Resilience: Ensure data protection and high availability (HA) for critical services where possible.
  4. Optimized Storage Use: Efficient use of the M.2 SSD and other storage devices to maximize performance and capacity.
  5. Security Best Practices: Implement comprehensive security measures, including access control, firewalls, and secure communication.
  6. Automation and Management: Enable CI/CD pipelines and automated configurations for streamlined management.
  7. Scalability and Flexibility: Design the environment to allow easy expansion and future additions.

2. Low-Level Design (LLD):

The Low-Level Design provides detailed specifications for setting up the lab, including hardware configurations, network setups, and software deployments.

Hardware Configuration:

  1. Proxmox Server:
    • CPU: Intel Core i7-5820K (6 cores / 12 threads)
    • RAM: 32 GB (Upgradeable to 64 GB)
    • Storage:
      • 1 x 1TB M.2 NVMe SSD - System Disk, Cache (L2ARC), SLOG
      • 2 x 1.8TB SSD (SATA 2.5") - ZFS Pool for VMs (zpool_vm)
      • 1 x 500GB SSD (SATA 2.5") - ZFS Pool for ISO storage and templates (zpool_image)
  2. Network Configuration:
    • Network Interfaces:
      • 1 x 1GbE NIC (Integrated): Static IP in LAN (192.168.0.200)
      • 1 x 1GbE PCIe NIC (TP-Link TG-3468): Internal Proxmox Routed Network (10.0.100.10)
      • USB NICs: Assigned for future use (VLANs, WAN connections, etc.)

Storage Configuration:

  • M.2 NVMe SSD:
    • Partitions:
      • 100GB for Proxmox system (root)
      • 20GB for SLOG (write cache)
      • 40GB for L2ARC (read cache)
      • 100GB for swap space
      • Unpartitioned Space (~740GB): Reserved for future expansion or specific VM/pagefile partitions.
  • ZFS Pools:
    • zpool_vm (2 x 1.8TB SSD, Mirror): Primary VM storage with redundancy.
    • zpool_image (1 x 500GB SSD): Storage for ISO images, VM templates, and base images.

Network Configuration:

VLAN ID Name Subnet Purpose Comment
VLAN 10 LinkNet (pfSense-Lab1) 172.16.10.0/30 WAN-side for pfSense-Lab1 Point-to-Point for WAN connection
VLAN 11 LAN-Net (pfSense-Lab1) 192.168.10.0/24 LAN-side for pfSense-Lab1 Internal network for Lab1
VLAN 12 LinkNet (pfSense-Lab2) 172.16.12.0/30 WAN-side for pfSense-Lab2 Point-to-Point for WAN connection
VLAN 13 LAN-Net (pfSense-Lab2) 192.168.20.0/24 LAN-side for pfSense-Lab2 Internal network for Lab2
VLAN 14 VPN Tunnel Net 172.16.14.0/30 VPN link between pfSense-Lab1 and Lab2 VPN simulation between labs
VLAN 100 Admin 10.0.100.0/24 Proxmox management network Admin access and management traffic
VLAN 110 Monitoring 10.0.110.0/24 Monitoring services (e.g., Zabbix) For monitoring servers and services
VLAN 120 Production 10.0.120.0/24 Production environment for VMs/containers For hosting production-level workloads
VLAN 200 DevOps 10.0.200.0/24 DevOps environment (CI/CD, Docker) Test and dev environment for CI/CD
VLAN 300 External Router Link 10.10.10.0/24 Linknet to external router (MikroTik) For WAN and external network access

IP Address Plan:

Device/Service IP Address VLAN ID Role/Usage
Proxmox Host 192.168.0.200 N/A Static IP for LAN access
Proxmox Internal NIC 10.0.100.10 100 Admin access and internal routed network
pfSense-Lab1 WAN 172.16.10.1 10 WAN-side for Lab1
pfSense-Lab1 LAN 192.168.10.1 11 Internal LAN for Lab1
pfSense-Lab2 WAN 172.16.12.1 12 WAN-side for Lab2
pfSense-Lab2 LAN 192.168.20.1 13 Internal LAN for Lab2
Monitoring Server 10.0.110.2 110 Monitoring services (e.g., Zabbix)
Production Server 10.0.120.3 120 Production VM example
DevOps Server 10.0.200.4 200 DevOps VM example

3. Naming Standards:

  • VM Naming:
    • Format: vm-<purpose>-<id> (e.g., vm-prod-web-01 for production web server)
  • Container Naming:
    • Format: ct-<purpose>-<id> (e.g., ct-monitoring-grafana-01 for Grafana monitoring container)
  • Network Naming:
    • Format: net-<vlan-name> (e.g., net-admin, net-production)
  • Storage Pools:
    • Format: zpool_<usage> (e.g., zpool_vm, zpool_image)
  • User Accounts:
    • Format: <first-initial><lastname> (e.g., jdoe for John Doe)

4. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs):

Security SOP:

  1. User Management:

    • All users should have unique usernames and follow naming standards.
    • Regularly review user accounts and disable or remove any unused accounts.
    • Implement SSH key-based authentication for all remote access; disable password logins.

  2. Firewall Configuration:

    • Use pfSense firewalls to enforce network isolation.
    • Create strict rules for each VLAN, allowing only necessary traffic.
    • Regularly review and audit firewall rules for changes.

  3. Patch Management:

    • Regularly update all Proxmox nodes, VMs, and containers.
    • Schedule updates during maintenance windows and ensure all patches are tested in a non-production environment.

  4. Backup Procedures:

    • Configure automated backups of critical VMs and system configurations to off-site or external storage.
    • Perform regular restore tests to ensure backups are functional.

Storage SOP:

  1. Storage Allocation:

    • Allocate storage based on usage requirements. Regularly review disk utilization and expand storage as needed.
    • Use snapshots and ZFS replication for critical data.

  2. Monitoring and Alerts:

    • Monitor storage health and performance using tools like zpool status and integrate with monitoring systems (e.g., Zabbix).

  3. Expansion and Scaling:

    • When expanding storage pools, add new disks to the ZFS pools according to the desired RAID level (mirror, RAIDZ).
    • Ensure minimal impact on performance during expansion.

Network SOP:

  1. Network Configuration:

    • Use VLAN-aware bridges in Proxmox to handle traffic segmentation.
    • Configure pfSense firewalls for WAN access and site-to-site VPNs.
    • Document any changes to the network configuration.

  2. **IP Address Management:

**

  • Maintain a clear IP plan and update documentation with any changes.
  • Reserve IP addresses for critical services.
  1. Network Monitoring:
    • Use monitoring tools to keep an eye on network traffic and detect anomalies.

VM and Container SOP:

  1. Creation and Management:

    • Use templates for consistent VM/container creation.
    • Regularly update templates and apply patches before deploying new instances.

  2. Resource Allocation:

    • Allocate resources based on workload needs.
    • Regularly review resource usage and adjust CPU/RAM allocation as required.

  3. Backup and Snapshots:

    • Implement a snapshot policy for VMs and containers, especially before making significant changes.

User Administration SOP:

  1. Access Control:

    • Implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) in Proxmox.
    • Ensure users have access only to what is needed for their role.

  2. Regular Audits:

    • Conduct regular audits of user activity, especially for administrative users.
    • Keep logs of all access and configuration changes.

5. Final Checklist:

  1. Network Configurations Validated: Ensure VLANs, IPs, and firewall rules are correctly applied.
  2. Storage Pools Configured and Healthy: Verify zpool status for all pools.
  3. Security Configured Properly: Ensure firewall, SSH, and access controls are enforced.
  4. Monitoring and Alerts Set Up: Verify that all critical alerts are configured.
  5. Backup Procedures in Place: Validate backup jobs and perform test restores.

Conclusion:

By following this comprehensive plan, your Proxmox lab environment will be robust, flexible, and secure. It will support your learning and testing needs across various domains like virtualization, networking, and cloud services, while being designed for future scalability and automation.

Based on your goal of creating a versatile IT lab environment for various areas, including IT operations and security, here is a comprehensive IP network and VLAN plan that covers a wide range of potential networks you might want to create in your Proxmox lab.

Comprehensive VLAN and IP Network Plan for Your Lab:

This plan includes a broad range of VLANs to cover different use cases such as management, monitoring, production, development, security, cloud integration, database operations, and more.

VLAN and IP Network Overview:

VLAN ID Network Name IP Address Plan Purpose Comments
VLAN 10 LinkNet (pfSense-Lab1) 172.16.10.0/30 WAN-side for pfSense-Lab1 to Proxmox Point-to-point WAN link between Proxmox and Lab1
VLAN 11 LAN-Net (pfSense-Lab1) 192.168.10.0/24 Internal LAN for pfSense-Lab1 Internal network for Lab1
VLAN 12 LinkNet (pfSense-Lab2) 172.16.12.0/30 WAN-side for pfSense-Lab2 to Proxmox Point-to-point WAN link between Proxmox and Lab2
VLAN 13 LAN-Net (pfSense-Lab2) 192.168.20.0/24 Internal LAN for pfSense-Lab2 Internal network for Lab2
VLAN 14 VPN Tunnel Net 172.16.14.0/30 VPN link between pfSense-Lab1 and Lab2 For site-to-site VPN simulation
VLAN 100 Admin 10.0.100.0/24 Proxmox management network For administrative access to Proxmox
VLAN 110 Monitoring 10.0.110.0/24 Monitoring tools (e.g., Zabbix, Grafana, Suricata) For network and system monitoring tools
VLAN 120 Production 10.0.120.0/24 Production environment for VMs/containers For hosting production-level workloads
VLAN 130 Hybrid Cloud 10.0.130.0/24 Integration with cloud services (e.g., Azure, AWS) For cloud gateway or hybrid cloud integration
VLAN 140 Test Environment 10.0.140.0/24 Isolated lab environment for testing Separate network for conducting isolated tests
VLAN 150 Storage 10.0.150.0/24 Storage network for iSCSI, NFS, and backup systems For storage services and data backup/restore
VLAN 160 Isolated Network 10.0.160.0/24 Fully isolated network for security testing Used for penetration testing and security assessments
VLAN 170 DMZ 10.0.170.0/24 Demilitarized zone for public-facing services For services exposed to the public network
VLAN 180 Research 10.0.180.0/24 Network for research and development Dedicated to R&D activities
VLAN 200 DevOps 10.0.200.0/24 CI/CD pipelines, Docker/Kubernetes, Ansible, Jenkins For development and continuous deployment tools
VLAN 210 Pentesting 10.0.210.0/24 Network for security tools like Kali Linux, Metasploit For ethical hacking, penetration testing labs
VLAN 220 Database 10.0.220.0/24 Database operations (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL, NoSQL) For hosting database servers and clusters
VLAN 230 Security 10.0.230.0/24 Network for security tools, IDS/IPS, and VPN services For setting up security tools and appliances
VLAN 240 Backup 10.0.240.0/24 Dedicated network for backup and restore operations For managing backup traffic and storage replication
VLAN 250 Sandbox 10.0.250.0/24 Sandbox environment for running untrusted applications Isolated environment for application testing
VLAN 300 External Router Link 10.10.10.0/24 Linknet to external router (MikroTik, Cisco) For WAN and external network access
VLAN 310 IoT Network 10.1.0.0/24 IoT simulation, Azure IoT integration For IoT device simulations and integration tests
VLAN 320 Video Surveillance 10.1.10.0/24 Network for IP cameras and surveillance systems For testing and managing surveillance applications
VLAN 330 Voice over IP (VoIP) 10.1.20.0/24 VoIP network for telephony systems For VoIP servers, SIP gateways, and IP phones
VLAN 340 Guest Network 10.1.30.0/24 Guest access network Isolated network for guest access and testing
VLAN 350 IoT Research Network 10.1.40.0/24 Research environment for IoT-related projects Focused on IoT research and experimentation
VLAN 360 AI/ML Training Network 10.1.50.0/24 AI/ML training environments For machine learning and artificial intelligence labs
VLAN 370 Blockchain Lab 10.1.60.0/24 Blockchain and cryptocurrency experiments Dedicated to blockchain development and testing
VLAN 380 High-Performance Compute (HPC) 10.1.70.0/24 High-performance computing lab For HPC clusters and parallel computing workloads
VLAN 400 Emergency Network 10.1.100.0/24 Emergency access network Used for backup management access in emergencies

Summary of VLANs and Their Roles:

  1. Management and Monitoring:

    • VLAN 100, 110: Management of Proxmox and monitoring tools to keep an eye on system health and performance.

  2. Production and Development:

    • VLAN 120, 200, 210, 220: Networks dedicated to production, DevOps, penetration testing, and database operations.

  3. Security and Isolated Testing:

    • VLAN 160, 230, 250: Security-focused networks for isolated testing, IDS/IPS systems, and sandboxing.

  4. Specialized Environments:

    • VLAN 130, 140, 170: Hybrid cloud integration, isolated testing labs, and DMZ for public services.

  5. Research and Development:

    • VLAN 180, 350, 370: Networks for R&D, IoT research, and blockchain experiments.

  6. Additional Use Cases:

    • VLAN 240, 300, 400: Backup management, external router links, and emergency networks.

Naming Standards for Networks and VLANs:

  • Networks:
    • Format: net-<vlan-name> (e.g., net-admin, net-prod, net-devops)
  • VLANs:
    • Format: vlan-<number> (e.g., vlan-100, vlan-120)

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs):

1. Network and Security SOP:

  • Ensure proper VLAN segmentation and strict firewall rules are applied.
  • Review and update firewall rules regularly to meet security requirements.
  • Use pfSense for WAN, VPN, and site-to-site connectivity.

2. Storage SOP:

  • Monitor storage pools regularly and expand as needed based on performance and capacity.
  • Regularly backup critical VMs and data to the designated backup network (VLAN 240).

3. System Administration SOP:

  • Use role-based access control (RBAC) to manage user access and privileges.
  • Implement CI/CD pipelines for automated deployment and configuration management.

Conclusion:

This comprehensive plan ensures your lab is flexible and well-equipped to handle a wide range of IT scenarios, from network administration and security testing to cloud integration and research projects. The VLAN and IP network setup provides clear segmentation for different lab activities, enhancing both learning and practical experience in IT management.

For a four-year IT operations and security program, your VLAN and IP plan is quite thorough and covers a broad spectrum of use cases and scenarios you may encounter. However, there are a few additional VLANs, link networks, and modifications you might consider to fully cover all potential learning objectives, particularly those involving specialized scenarios, compliance, and advanced networking topics.

Additional VLANs and IP Networks:

1. VLANs for Advanced Networking and Security:

  • VLAN 410 - IPv6 Testing Network:

    • IP Range: fd00:1:1::/64 (Unique Local Address - IPv6)
    • Purpose: To test IPv6 connectivity, dual-stack configurations, and IPv6 transition mechanisms.
    • Comments: Provides experience with IPv6 addressing, routing, and security features.

  • VLAN 420 - Security Operations Center (SOC):

    • IP Range: 10.2.20.0/24
    • Purpose: Simulates a Security Operations Center environment for monitoring, analysis, and incident response.
    • Comments: Useful for practicing SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) tools and workflow management.

  • VLAN 430 - Incident Response and Forensics:

    • IP Range: 10.2.30.0/24
    • Purpose: Dedicated environment for digital forensics, log analysis, and incident response activities.
    • Comments: For setting up forensic tools like FTK, Autopsy, and Volatility.

2. VLANs for Compliance and Governance:

  • VLAN 440 - Compliance Zone:

    • IP Range: 10.2.40.0/24
    • Purpose: Simulates a compliance zone for testing policies, encryption, data loss prevention (DLP), and auditing tools.
    • Comments: Useful for hands-on exercises related to GDPR, HIPAA, or other regulatory frameworks.

  • VLAN 450 - Logging and Audit Network:

    • IP Range: 10.2.50.0/24
    • Purpose: A network for centralized logging and audit data storage.
    • Comments: Dedicated for storing logs and using tools like ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana) or Splunk.

3. VLANs for Specialized Testing Environments:

  • VLAN 460 - Chaos Engineering Lab:

    • IP Range: 10.2.60.0/24
    • Purpose: For experimenting with chaos engineering techniques to test system resilience.
    • Comments: Simulate faults and outages to study recovery and failover procedures.

  • VLAN 470 - Big Data Analytics:

    • IP Range: 10.2.70.0/24
    • Purpose: Network dedicated to big data platforms like Hadoop, Spark, or Kafka.
    • Comments: Provides practical exposure to big data management, analytics, and storage.

  • VLAN 480 - Quantum Computing Research Network:

    • IP Range: 10.2.80.0/24
    • Purpose: For experimental setups involving quantum computing simulators and algorithms.
    • Comments: Preparing for future technologies and emerging IT fields.

4. VLANs for IT Infrastructure Management:

  • VLAN 490 - Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Lab:

    • IP Range: 10.2.90.0/24
    • Purpose: To test SDN controllers, OpenFlow switches, and network automation tools.
    • Comments: Offers a practical setup to learn about network virtualization, automation, and programmability.

  • VLAN 500 - Configuration Management:

    • IP Range: 10.2.100.0/24
    • Purpose: For tools like Ansible, Puppet, Chef, and Terraform to manage configurations and infrastructure as code.
    • Comments: Enhances learning about infrastructure automation and configuration management.

5. Link Networks and Point-to-Point Connections:

  • VLAN 510 - Inter-VLAN Routing Network:

    • IP Range: 172.16.100.0/30
    • Purpose: For testing inter-VLAN routing and segmentation, including dynamic routing protocols like OSPF, BGP, and EIGRP.
    • Comments: Useful for advanced networking scenarios involving multiple routers and networks.

  • VLAN 520 - Secure Tunnel LinkNet:

    • IP Range: 172.16.101.0/30
    • Purpose: A dedicated point-to-point network for secure tunnels like GRE, IPsec, or L2TP.
    • Comments: Tests secure communications and tunneling protocols for VPNs.

  • VLAN 530 - Redundant LinkNet:

    • IP Range: 172.16.102.0/30
    • Purpose: A network to simulate redundant links for high availability (HA) testing.
    • Comments: Utilizes protocols like VRRP, HSRP, or GLBP for failover and redundancy.

Naming Standards for Networks and VLANs:

Maintain the consistency of naming standards:

  • Networks:
    • Use net-<vlan-purpose> format, e.g., net-compliance, net-sdn, net-forensics.
  • VLANs:
    • Use vlan-<id>-<short-description> format, e.g., vlan-420-soc, vlan-450-audit.

Recommended Updates to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs):

1. Advanced Security SOP:

  • Integrate SIEM tools and implement regular threat-hunting exercises.
  • Schedule tabletop exercises for incident response and test the SOC’s readiness.
  • Regularly update firewall rules and apply best practices for network segmentation.

2. Networking and Interconnectivity SOP:

  • Define procedures for testing dynamic routing protocols and inter-VLAN routing.
  • Set up labs for IPv6-only environments to prepare for IPv6 adoption.

3. Compliance and Data Management SOP:

  • Regular audits to ensure compliance with data governance and regulatory standards.
  • Implement automated data retention and deletion policies using configuration management tools.

Conclusion:

By adding these VLANs and networks, you ensure a more diverse and versatile lab environment, capable of accommodating future technological trends and covering all aspects of IT operations, networking, security, and compliance. This will provide comprehensive practical experience to complement your academic studies and prepare you for a wide range of career opportunities in IT.

Ansvarsfraskrivelse:

Innholdet på denne wikisiden er generert helt eller delvis av kunstig intelligens (AI) og er ikke ment for informasjonsformål. Forfatteren fraskriver seg ethvert ansvar for nøyaktigheten, fullstendigheten eller påliteligheten av innholdet. Enhver handling du tar basert på informasjonen på denne siden er på eget ansvar og risiko.

Forfatteren fraskriver seg også ethvert ansvar for eventuelle likheter eller antydninger til likhet med annet publisert materiale. Enhver slik likhet er utilsiktet og uten ansvar. Det er leserens ansvar å gjennomføre plagiatkontroll og sikre at all bruk av innholdet fra denne siden er i samsvar med gjeldende regler og retningslinjer for opphavsrett og plagiering.

Det gis ingen garantier for at informasjonen på denne siden er i samsvar med gjeldende lover, regler eller retningslinjer. Leseren er selv ansvarlig for å verifisere nøyaktigheten og relevansen av informasjonen, og for å sikre korrekt kreditering av originale kilder.

Bruk av informasjonen på denne siden, inkludert risiko for plagiat eller brudd på opphavsrett, er på egen risiko.

Disklaimer 2

Alt innhold på denne plattformen er et resultat av en kreativ prosess som involverer både menneskelig input og generativ kunstig intelligens (AI). Tekstene er basert på bearbeidede prompts, og representerer en sammenslåing av publisistens tanker, ideer og AI-ens evne til å generere tekst.

Eventuelle likheter i rekkefølge, struktur, innhold, emnevalg, tematikk, avgrensninger eller oppstilling med annet materiale, enten kreditert eller ikke kreditert, publisert eller upublisert, er utilsiktet og tilfeldig.

Innholdet på denne plattformen er ikke ment å være en kilde til informasjon eller fakta, og skal ikke brukes som sådan. Dette er et eksperiment for å utforske potensialet og begrensningene ved generativ AI, både positive og negative, fordelaktige og ufordelaktige.

Vi oppfordrer leserne til å være kritiske og vurdere informasjonen i lys av dette. Vi tar ikke ansvar for eventuelle feil, unøyaktigheter eller misforståelser som kan oppstå som følge av bruk av innholdet på denne plattformen.

Disclaimer:

The information on this wiki page is generated entirely or partially by artificial intelligence (AI) and is not intended for informational purposes. The author disclaims any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of the content. Any action you take based on the information on this page is at your own responsibility and risk.

The author also disclaims any liability for any similarities or suggestions of similarity to other published material. Any such resemblance is unintentional and without liability. It is the reader's responsibility to conduct plagiarism checks and ensure that any use of the content from this page complies with applicable copyright and plagiarism rules and guidelines.

No guarantees are provided that the information on this page complies with applicable laws, rules, or guidelines. The reader is responsible for verifying the accuracy and relevance of the information and for ensuring proper crediting of original sources.

Use of the information on this page, including the risk of plagiarism or copyright infringement, is at your own risk.

⚠️ **GitHub.com Fallback** ⚠️