Network and Security Basics Wiki ‐ Part 3 - itnett/FTD02H-N GitHub Wiki

Here’s the continuation of the GitHub Markdown Wiki format, covering additional topics in-depth:

📚 Network and Security Basics Wiki - Part 3

📑 Innholdsfortegnelse

  1. 💡 Stateful vs. Stateless Inspection
  2. 🔍 IDS vs. IPS Systems
  3. 🌍 Network Address Translation (NAT)
  4. 🔄 Static vs. Dynamic IP Address Translation
  5. 🔗 How Ethernet Networks Work
  6. 📶 Layer 2 vs. Layer 3 Addressing Schemes
  7. ⚠️ Collision vs. Broadcast Domains
  8. 🚦 Ways to Segment Broadcast Domains
  9. 🖧 Various Network Devices
  10. 🆔 IP Address vs. MAC Address
  11. 📡 How Broadcast Domains Are Used
  12. 🔗 How ARP Tables Are Used
  13. 🗺️ Use of Routing Tables in Network Routing

⚠️ Collision vs. Broadcast Domains

  • Collision Domain: A network segment where data packets can collide when two or more devices send data simultaneously. This is common in networks using hubs or half-duplex communication.
  • Broadcast Domain: A network segment where a broadcast packet sent by one device is received by all other devices within that segment. Routers typically limit broadcast domains to prevent excessive broadcast traffic across the entire network.

📝 Oppsummering:

  • Collision domains are segmented using switches.
  • Broadcast domains are segmented using routers or VLANs.

⚠️ Viktige Tips:

  • Minimize collision domains by using switches instead of hubs.
  • Segment broadcast domains to reduce network congestion.

Key Words: Collision Domain, Broadcast Domain, Hubs, Switches, Routers, VLANs.

🚦 Ways to Segment Broadcast Domains

  • Using Routers: Routers do not forward broadcast traffic by default, effectively segmenting broadcast domains.
  • Using VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks): VLANs create multiple logical broadcast domains within a single physical network, allowing better control over traffic and reducing congestion.

📝 Oppsummering:

  • Routers provide physical segmentation.
  • VLANs provide logical segmentation within a network.

⚠️ Viktige Tips:

  • Use VLANs to logically isolate network segments for security or performance.
  • Deploy routers to segment traffic between different network segments or subnets.

Key Words: VLAN, Router, Broadcast Domain, Segmentation.

🖧 Various Network Devices

  • Hub: A basic device that connects multiple Ethernet devices, forming a single collision domain. It broadcasts packets to all connected devices.
  • Switch: Operates at Layer 2 (Data Link) and uses MAC addresses to forward data frames to specific devices, reducing collisions.
  • Router: Operates at Layer 3 (Network) and routes packets between different networks based on IP addresses.
  • Firewall: Monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined security rules, protecting networks from unauthorized access.
  • Access Point (AP): Connects wireless devices to a wired network, extending the LAN's coverage.
  • Modem: Modulates and demodulates signals for communication over cable, DSL, or fiber connections to provide internet access.

📝 Oppsummering:

  • Hubs are rarely used due to their inefficiency in handling traffic.
  • Switches and routers are the backbone devices for modern networks.
  • Firewalls are critical for securing networks from external threats.

⚠️ Viktige Tips:

  • Prefer switches over hubs to minimize collision domains.
  • Use firewalls to create security perimeters and protect sensitive data.

Key Words: Hub, Switch, Router, Firewall, Access Point, Modem.

📡 How Broadcast Domains Are Used

  • Broadcast Domains: Defined by the set of all devices that receive broadcast frames originating from any device within the same network segment. Broadcasts are used for network discovery, ARP requests, and dynamic IP allocation (DHCP).

📝 Oppsummering:

  • Broadcast domains help with tasks such as device discovery and IP address allocation.
  • They can cause network congestion if not properly managed.

⚠️ Viktige Tips:

  • Segment large broadcast domains to improve performance.
  • Monitor broadcast traffic to avoid unnecessary network congestion.

Key Words: Broadcast Domain, Network Discovery, ARP, DHCP, Congestion.

🧠 Test Forståelse

🔍 Remembering

  • What is the purpose of a broadcast domain?
  • List three types of network devices and their primary functions.

🤔 Understanding

  • Explain the difference between a collision domain and a broadcast domain.
  • Describe how a switch differs from a hub in network communication.

📝 Applying

  • Use a diagram to show how VLANs can segment broadcast domains within a single switch.
  • Demonstrate how a router limits broadcast traffic in a network.

🔍 Analyzing

  • Compare the roles of switches and routers in managing network traffic.

🛠️ Evaluating

  • Assess the impact of a large broadcast domain on network performance.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of using firewalls versus routers for network segmentation.

💡 Creating

  • Design a small business network using routers and switches to effectively segment broadcast and collision domains.
  • Propose a network architecture using VLANs to logically separate different departments within an organization.

🏷️ Nøkkelord

  • Collision Domain, Broadcast Domain, VLAN, Hub, Switch, Router, Firewall, Access Point, Modem, Network Discovery.

This continuation provides a deeper understanding of network domains, devices, and segmentation methods. Use these insights to further strengthen your network management skills! 🚀