20TD02X_BTL1_ Comprehensive_Guide - itnett/FTD02H-N GitHub Wiki

📘 Blue Team Level 1 (BTL1) - Comprehensive Guide

Welcome to the Blue Team Level 1 (BTL1) comprehensive guide! This document is optimized for GitHub Markdown and is designed to help you prepare for the BTL1 certification. Below you will find a detailed table of contents and index for easy navigation.

📘 Introduction

Welcome to the BTL1 comprehensive guide. This document will provide you with the essential knowledge and skills required to become proficient in defending networks and responding to cyber incidents. The guide covers the following six main domains: Security Fundamentals, Phishing Analysis, Threat Intelligence, Digital Forensics, SIEM, and Incident Response.

🔒 Security Fundamentals

Introduction to Security Fundamentals

Security fundamentals provide the foundation for understanding cybersecurity concepts, including threats, vulnerabilities, and risk management.

Threats: Potential harm-causing events or circumstances.
Vulnerabilities: Weaknesses that can be exploited by threats.
Risk Management: Identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks to mitigate their impact.

Soft Skills

Soft skills are essential for effective security operations, including communication, collaboration, problem-solving, and decision-making.

Communication: Clearly and effectively conveying information.
Collaboration: Working well within teams to solve security issues.
Problem-Solving: Identifying problems and finding effective solutions.
Decision-Making: Evaluating situations and making informed decisions.

Security Controls

Security controls are measures implemented to protect information systems and data.

Preventive Controls: Measures to prevent security incidents (e.g., firewalls, antivirus).
Detective Controls: Measures to detect security incidents (e.g., IDS/IPS).
Corrective Controls: Measures to restore systems after incidents (e.g., backups, recovery).

Networking 101

Basic networking knowledge is crucial for understanding how data moves through networks and where security threats may arise.

OSI Model: Conceptual model with seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.
TCP/IP Model: Simplified model with four layers: Network Access, Internet, Transport, and Application.
Protocols: Rules for data transmission. Common protocols include HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, TCP, UDP, IP.

Management Principles

Management principles help ensure effective governance of security measures.

Policies: Guidelines defining how security management should be conducted.
Processes: Standardized procedures for executing security tasks.
Controls: Measures to monitor and ensure compliance with security policies and processes.

🐟 Phishing Analysis

Introduction to Emails and Phishing

Phishing is a method where attackers send fraudulent emails to trick recipients into divulging sensitive information or infecting their systems with malware.

Phishing: Fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information.
Spear Phishing: Targeted attacks on specific individuals or organizations.
Whaling: Targeted attacks on high-profile targets.
Clone Phishing: Duplication of legitimate emails with malicious links or attachments.

Types of Phishing Emails

Various types of phishing emails are used to deceive recipients.

Tactics and Techniques Used

Common techniques include social engineering, spoofing, malicious attachments, and fake links.

Analyzing URLs, Attachments, and Artifacts

Tools and methods for analyzing phishing emails include URL2PNG for screenshots and VirusTotal for scanning attachments.

Taking Defensive Measures

Protective measures include user training, email filtering, multi-factor authentication (MFA), and security protocols like DMARC, DKIM, and SPF.

Report Writing

Documenting and reporting findings from phishing email analysis is essential for informing stakeholders and improving defenses.

Lessons Learned

Organizations should review incidents to identify weaknesses and improve defenses against future phishing attacks.

🕵️ Threat Intelligence

Introduction to Threat Intelligence

Threat Intelligence involves gathering, analyzing, and using information about threats to protect organizations from cyber attacks.

Threat Actors and APTs

Understanding different types of threat actors and Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) is crucial.

Script Kiddies: Inexperienced attackers using existing tools.
Hacktivists: Attackers with political or social motives.
Cybercriminals: Attackers motivated by financial gain.
Insider Threats: Employees or associates misusing access.
APTs: State-sponsored or highly sophisticated groups targeting specific organizations.

Operational Threat Intelligence

Focused on detailed information about threats and campaigns.

Tactical Threat Intelligence

Includes specific techniques, tactics, and procedures (TTPs) used by attackers.

Strategic Threat Intelligence

Long-term trends and motivations behind threat actor activities.

Malware and Global Campaigns

Analyzing malware and coordinated global campaigns to understand and defend against large-scale attacks.

🔍 Digital Forensics

Introduction to Digital Forensics

Digital forensics involves collecting, analyzing, and preserving digital evidence to understand incidents, uncover criminal activity, and recover data.

Forensics Fundamentals

Key principles include integrity, traceability, and transparency.

Digital Evidence Collection

Collecting evidence carefully to avoid contamination using tools like FTK Imager and KAPE.

Windows Investigations

Analyzing Windows systems for evidence, including the registry, log files, prefetch files, and Recycle Bin.

Linux Investigations

Investigating Linux systems, focusing on log files, configuration files, and user directories.

Volatility

A powerful tool for memory analysis to uncover malicious activity and recover information from RAM.

Autopsy

A user-friendly platform for analyzing hard drives and other storage devices to recover deleted files and investigate user behavior.

🖥️ SIEM

Introduction to SIEM

SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) solutions provide organizations with insights into their IT environment by collecting and analyzing logs and events from various sources.

Logging

Recording events such as user activities and system changes in log files.

Aggregation

Collecting log data from different sources and centralizing it in the SIEM system.

Correlation

Analyzing log data to identify patterns and relationships that indicate security incidents.

Using Splunk SIEM

Splunk is a popular SIEM tool used for searching, monitoring, and analyzing machine data.

Data Input: Adding data sources like system, application, and network logs.
Search: Using SPL (Search Processing Language) to filter and analyze data.
Dashboards: Creating visual representations of data for real-time monitoring.
Alerts: Configuring alerts for suspicious events.

🚨 Incident Response

Introduction to Incident Response

Incident Response (IR) is the process of handling and responding to security incidents to minimize damage and restore normal operations.

Preparation Phase

Developing and maintaining IR policies, procedures, tools, and training.

Detection and Analysis Phase

Continuous monitoring and alerting using SIEM and other tools to identify and investigate incidents.

Case Management

Managing incident cases from detection to resolution, documenting all actions taken.

Containment, Erad

ication, and Recovery Phase

Containing the incident to prevent further damage, removing threats, and restoring systems.

Lessons Learned

Reviewing incidents to identify weaknesses and improve future responses.

🔍 Index

Security Fundamentals: Threats, Vulnerabilities, Risk Management, CIA Triad, OSI Model, TCP/IP Model.
Phishing Analysis: Phishing, Spear Phishing, Whaling, Social Engineering, Spoofing, URL Analysis, Email Filtering.
Threat Intelligence: Threat Actors, APTs, TTPs, Pyramid of Pain, MITRE ATT&CK, Malware Analysis, Intelligence Sharing.
Digital Forensics: Evidence Collection, FTK Imager, Volatility, Autopsy, Windows Registry, Linux Logs.
SIEM: Logging, Aggregation, Correlation, Splunk, Dashboards, Alerts.
Incident Response: IR Lifecycle, Preparation, Detection, Analysis, Containment, Recovery, Post-Incident Review.

This comprehensive guide provides a structured approach to mastering the key concepts and skills required for the Blue Team Level 1 certification. By following the detailed content and utilizing the listed resources, you will be well-prepared to defend networks and respond to cyber incidents effectively. Good luck with your studies! 🚀