ME: Linux Host Blunjo - fordsfords/fordsfords.github.io GitHub Wiki

Blunjo is the name of my Linux box. It is also a word that made an old friend of mine laugh. I wish I could remember that friend's name.

Hey old friend, if you know what blunjo is, drop me a line! gmail account fordsfords.

Table of Contents Initial Install Prior to Start Creation of Flash Drive Install Blunjo Update BIOS Install Rocky Linux System Updates Multicast Mounts Git Set up account Frequent Actions

Initial Install

Prior to Start

To set aside space for blunjo's IP, Verizon-LAN-setup#set-up-static-ip-range.
To set up WIFI/Ethernet adapter, IOGEAR GWU637#setup.
Add blunjo to laptop's /etc/hosts file (IP 192.168.1.252).
- Also add to laptop .profile:

alias blunjo='ssh sford@blunjo'

Creation of Flash Drive

Went to https://rockylinux.org/download and downloaded x86_64 minimal onto my Mac
Then withOUT flash drive plugged in:

diskutil list

Insert 16G flash drive in Mac

diskutil list

On my system, disk2 is the new one.

diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk2
sudo dd if=Downloads/CentOS-8-x86_64-1905-dvd1.iso of=/dev/disk2

(In my experimentation, /dev/rdisk2 runs at .34 MB/s, while /dev/disk2 runs at 1.52 MB/s - over 4x faster.)

Install Blunjo

Update BIOS

We want it to boot to USB before the hard disk.

Insert flash drive.
Power on
Press F2 to get into BIOS settings.
Boot Sequence
USB Storage Device, up arrow to put it on top
Apply
Exit (Should automatically reset)

Install Rocky Linux

Goes to Rocky Linux screen

To install type I, enter.

WELCOME TO ROCKY LINUX

English (United States), continue
Software Selection, 'Minimal Install, Standard, DONE
- (Previously with CentOS: Software Selection, Server with GUI, Debugging tools, Container Management, Development tools, Headless management, DONE)
Network Host Name, Host name: blunjo, Ethernet (eno1) switch to ON, Configure
- IPV4 Settings, Method Manual
- Addresses: Add, 192.168.1.252, 24, 192.168.1.1
- DNS servers: 192.168.1.1
- Require IPv4 addressing for this connection to complete
- Save, Done
Installation Destination
- Select disk
  - 232.89 GiB, sda / 1.18 MiB free (from previous install)
  - Automatic, I would like to make additional space available, Done. Brings up Reclaim disk space
  - Delete all, reclaim space
Begin installation
Root password
User creation
- Steve Ford

When it finishes, remove flash and reboot.

System Updates

Log in via ssh. Then: Things-I-forget#Shared_ssh_keys.
To get my reduced .bashrc file (Bashrc):

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wiki/fordsfords/fordsfords.github.io/Bashrc
mv Bashrc .bashrc

As root:

Edit $HOME/.bashrc and add:

export TERM="xterm-mono"
set -o vi
unalias -a

Add sford to sudo

visudo

(search for "^root", duplicate, change root to sford.)

Update system software.

script initial.out
sudo time yum update -y
yum install -y gcc
yum install -y gdb
yum install -y java
yum install -y java-11-openjdk-devel-1:11.0.22.0.7-2.el9.x86_64
yum install -y tigervnc-server
yum install -y git
exit

To not auto-start GUI, the Internet tells you to modify /etc/inittab. But /etc/inittab says this:

# inittab is no longer used.
#
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
#
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /usr/lib/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target
#
# systemd uses 'targets' instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:
#
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5
#
# To view current default target, run:
# systemctl get-default
#
# To set a default target, run:
# systemctl set-default TARGET.target

So to not start GUI by default:

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Multicast

CentOS installs with multicast not working. The firewall blocks it. There are a variety of pages out there that tell how to enable multicast the "right" way, with rules that permit specific usages. But I didn't have time to look at them closely, so I just disabled the firewall during the testing:

sudo systemctl stop firewalld

Then restart it when done testing:

sudo systemctl start firewalld

It's also possible to disable it altogether:

sudo systemctl disable firewalld

Increase maximum socket buffers

sysctl -w net.core.rmem_max=8388608
sysctl -w net.core.wmem_max=2097152
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
  (add: "net.core.rmem_max=8388608" and "net.core.wmem_max=2097152")

Mounts

# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             1.8G     0  1.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                1.8G     0  1.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                1.8G  9.1M  1.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                1.8G     0  1.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root   50G  6.1G   44G  13% /
/dev/mapper/cl-home  877G   46G  832G   6% /home
/dev/sda1            976M  194M  715M  22% /boot
tmpfs                366M  4.0K  366M   1% /run/user/0
tmpfs                366M  4.0K  366M   1% /run/user/1000

# mount
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,seclabel,size=1856220k,nr_inodes=464055,mode=755)
securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,seclabel)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,seclabel,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,seclabel,mode=755)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,seclabel,mode=755)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,xattr,release_agent=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd)
pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel)
bpf on /sys/fs/bpf type bpf (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=700)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,rdma)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,pids)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,net_cls,net_prio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,perf_event)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,cpu,cpuacct)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,cpuset)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel,hugetlb)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,relatime)
/dev/mapper/cl-root on / type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
selinuxfs on /sys/fs/selinux type selinuxfs (rw,relatime)
systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=37,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pipe_ino=15117)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime,seclabel)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,pagesize=2M)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime,seclabel)
/dev/mapper/cl-home on /home type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /run/user/0 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,seclabel,size=374712k,mode=700)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,seclabel,size=374712k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)

Git

Follow GitHub usage via git for Blunjo.

cd ~/GitHub
git clone [email protected]:fordsfords/gits.git
ln -s gits/git.txt
git clone [email protected]:UltraMessaging/mtools.git
cp mtools/Linux64/* ~/bin/
git clone [email protected]:fordsfords/my_env.git
cd
mkdir swp
mv .bash_profile .bash_profile.orig
mv .bashrc .bashrc.orig
mv .bash_logout .bash_logout.orig
cd GitHub/my_env
cp Vimrc ~/.vimrc
cp Profile ~/.profile
cp Bashrc ~/.bashrc

Set up account

mkdir ~/bin

Frequent Actions

sudo shutdown -P now - shutdown with power off.
sudo reboot
To start GUI, enter "gui", which is aliased to:

sudo systemctl isolate graphical.target

Note: if doing this from an "ssh" session, you need to log out in order to be able to log into the GUI.

yum provides command - find out which package contains a command.