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ruby

system ruby

mac 을 μ„€μΉ˜ν•˜λ©΄ 기본적으둜 루비가 μ„€μΉ˜λ˜μ–΄μžˆλ‹€.

support archtecture

$ ruby -v
ruby 2.6.8p205 (2021-07-07 revision 67951) [universal.x86_64-darwin21]

universal 을 μ°Έκ³ ν•œλ‹€.

$ echo "ruby-3.1.0" > .ruby-version
$ ruby -v
ruby 3.1.0p0 (2021-12-25 revision fb4df44d16) [arm64-darwin21]

chruby λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 버전을 λ³€κ²½ν•΄λ³΄μ•˜λ”°. μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” arm64 κ°€ μ°ν˜€μžˆλ‹€.

native λΉŒλ“œκ°€ λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μ„±λŠ₯적인 이점이 μžˆκ² μ§€λ§Œ,
κ΄€λ ¨λœ gem 듀이 λͺ¨λ“  ν˜Έν™˜μ„±μ΄ 보μž₯λ˜λŠ”μ§€λŠ” μ•Œ 수 μ—†λ‹€.

ruby-gems gems vs bundler μ •ν™•ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŒ

λ£¨λΉ„λŠ” ruby-gems λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ νŒ¨ν‚€μ§€ 파일(path, path)을 μ§€μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€.

λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ •ν™•νžˆ λ™μΌν•œ 버저닝을 톡해 μ—¬λŸ¬ λ””νŽœλ˜μ‹œλ₯Ό κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 이λ₯Ό 관리할 λ§€λ‹ˆμ €κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œλ° bundler κ°€ 이λ₯Ό ν–‰ν•œλ‹€. bundler λ˜ν•œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ gem 으둜 버전을 가진닀.

일단 bundler κ°€ μ„€μΉ˜λ˜λ©΄ μ΄ν›„λΆ€ν„°λŠ” bundle install 을 톡해 gem λ“€μ˜ 둜컬(ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ μŠ€μ½”ν”„) μ„€μΉ˜κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯해진닀. 각 gem 듀은 bundle exe GEM 와 같은 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€.

env

  • GEM_PATH
  • GEM_HOME

error

system ruby λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ„œ μ„€μΉ˜λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” 경우 bundler κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  이λ₯Ό μ„€μΉ˜ν•˜λ €κ³ ν•˜λ©΄ κ²°κ΅­ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ νΌλ―Έμ…˜ κΆŒν•œμ„ μš”κ΅¬ν•œλ‹€. frum 같은 ruby version manager λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ„œ λ”°λ‘œ 버전을 μ„€μΉ˜ν•˜κ³  둜컬둜 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 쒋을 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°λœλ‹€.

$ bundle exec pod install
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:283:in `find_spec_for_exe': Could not find 'bundler' (2.2.20) required by your /APP/ios/Gemfile.lock. (Gem::GemNotFoundException)
To update to the latest version installed on your system, run `bundle update --bundler`.
To install the missing version, run `gem install bundler:2.2.20`
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:302:in `activate_bin_path'
        from /usr/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>`'
        
$ bundle install
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:283:in `find_spec_for_exe': Could not find 'bundler' (2.2.20) required by your /APP/ios/Gemfile.lock. (Gem::GemNotFoundException)
To update to the latest version installed on your system, run `bundle update --bundler`.
To install the missing version, run `gem install bundler:2.2.20`
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:302:in `activate_bin_path'
        from /usr/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>`'
        
$ gem install bundler:2.2.20
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
    You don't have write permissions for the /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0 directory.

ffi

 ~/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/ffi-1.13.1/lib  ls                                                                                      ok  17:54:54
ffi          ffi.rb       ffi_c.bundle
 ~/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/ffi-1.13.1/lib  file ./ffi                                                                              ok  17:54:56
./ffi: directory
 ~/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/ffi-1.13.1/lib  file ffi_c.bundle                                                                       ok  17:55:03
ffi_c.bundle: Mach-O 64-bit bundle x86_64
gem dependency -R
Gem ffi-1.13.1
  rake (~> 13.0, development)
  rake-compiler (~> 1.0, development)
  rake-compiler-dock (~> 1.0, development)
  rspec (~> 2.14.1, development)
  rubygems-tasks (~> 0.2.4, development)
  Used by
    ethon-0.12.0 (ffi (>= 1.3.0))

mac13 ventura

Installing json 2.6.2 with native extensions
Installing unf_ext 0.0.8.2 with native extensions
Installing ffi 1.15.5 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/json-2.6.2/ext/json/ext/generator
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby -I /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20221031-78847-d4qa86.rb extconf.rb
creating Makefile

current directory: /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/json-2.6.2/ext/json/ext/generator
make "DESTDIR=" clean

current directory: /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/json-2.6.2/ext/json/ext/generator
make "DESTDIR="
compiling generator.c
In file included from generator.c:1:
In file included from ./../fbuffer/fbuffer.h:5:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby.h:33:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby/ruby.h:24:10: fatal error: 'ruby/config.h'
file not found
#include "ruby/config.h"
         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby/ruby.h:24:10: note: did not find header
'config.h' in framework 'ruby' (loaded from '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks')
1 error generated.
make: *** [generator.o] Error 1

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/json-2.6.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/extensions/universal-darwin-22/2.6.0/json-2.6.2/gem_make.out

  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:99:in `run'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:51:in `block in make'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:43:in `each'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:43:in `make'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:62:in `block in build'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tempfile.rb:295:in `open'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:29:in `build'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:185:in `block in build_extension'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/monitor.rb:235:in `mon_synchronize'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:181:in `build_extension'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:229:in `block in build_extensions'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:226:in `each'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:226:in `build_extensions'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/installer.rb:830:in `build_extensions'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:71:in `build_extensions'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:28:in `install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:204:in `install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:186:in `do_install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:177:in `block in worker_pool'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:91:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'

An error occurred while installing json (2.6.2), and Bundler cannot continue.

In Gemfile:
  cocoapods was resolved to 1.11.2, which depends on
    cocoapods-core was resolved to 1.11.2, which depends on
      algoliasearch was resolved to 1.27.5, which depends on
        json


Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/unf_ext-0.0.8.2/ext/unf_ext
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby -I /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20221031-78847-fkkg4h.rb extconf.rb
checking for -lstdc++... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
        --with-static-libstdc++
        --without-static-libstdc++
        --with-stdc++lib
        --without-stdc++lib
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:467:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:546:in `block in try_link0'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tmpdir.rb:93:in `mktmpdir'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:543:in `try_link0'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:570:in `try_link'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:789:in `try_func'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:1016:in `block in have_library'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:959:in `block in checking_for'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block in postpone'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:357:in `postpone'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:958:in `checking_for'
        from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:1011:in `have_library'
        from extconf.rb:6:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/extensions/universal-darwin-22/2.6.0/unf_ext-0.0.8.2/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/unf_ext-0.0.8.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/extensions/universal-darwin-22/2.6.0/unf_ext-0.0.8.2/gem_make.out

  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:99:in `run'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:47:in `block in build'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tempfile.rb:295:in `open'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:29:in `build'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:185:in `block in build_extension'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/monitor.rb:235:in `mon_synchronize'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:181:in `build_extension'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:229:in `block in build_extensions'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:226:in `each'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:226:in `build_extensions'
  /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/installer.rb:830:in `build_extensions'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:71:in `build_extensions'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:28:in `install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:204:in `install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:186:in `do_install'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:177:in `block in worker_pool'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
  /Users/deptno/.gem/ruby/2.6.8/gems/bundler-2.3.5/lib/bundler/worker.rb:91:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'

An error occurred while installing unf_ext (0.0.8.2), and Bundler cannot continue.

In Gemfile:
  fastlane was resolved to 2.210.1, which depends on
    faraday-cookie_jar was resolved to 0.0.7, which depends on
      http-cookie was resolved to 1.0.5, which depends on
        domain_name was resolved to 0.5.20190701, which depends on
          unf was resolved to 0.1.4, which depends on
            unf_ext

-> chruby λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ„œ ruby 2.7.5 λ²„μ „μœΌλ‘œ μ—…λ°μ΄νŠΈ -> bundler 2.3.8 버전 μ—…λ°μ΄νŠΈ -> ν•΄κ²°

link

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