Overview

This test plan covers the player's abilities and spells:

• The ability framework — PlayerAbility, TimedPlayerAbility and PlayerAbilitiesComponent, which owns cooldowns, the alive/unlock gating and the abilityUsed / abilityEnded / abilityFailed events (Player Abilities and Status Effects).
• The two abilities: Invisibility (cast) and Last Stand (passive).
• The spell pipeline — SpellComponent, its cooldown, and the shared area disc drawn by SpellAoeVisualComponent.
• The two spells: Lightning and Freeze.
• The five targeting strategies that decide who a spell catches, and the EnemyUtils layer check behind them.
• Player wiring (PlayerFactory) and the two debug-terminal entry points, ability and spell.

An ability and a spell are deliberately different things. An ability acts on the player and its lifetime is owned by the player's status effects controller; a spell acts on enemies and owns its own cooldown. Both are tested here because both are cast by the player and both apply status effects.

Testing is split into automated unit tests (what the code must do) and manual gameplay tests (what the player must see). Every behaviour in the automated plan is enforced by a test in the repository — the test class is named above each table.

Test Environment

• Unit testing: JUnit 5 and Mockito, run headlessly with the engine's GameExtension. The game clock is mocked, so every cooldown and duration is asserted at its exact millisecond rather than by sleeping.
• Game testing: Desktop application.
• Movement: WASD — Debug terminal: F1
• Terminal commands:

ability invisibility    # cast invisibility now, honouring its cooldown
ability laststand       # unlock the passive; it still waits for the health threshold
spell lightning         # cast lightning, honouring its cooldown
spell freeze            # cast freeze, honouring its cooldown

Abilities and spells have no keybinding yet, so the terminal is the only way to cast them in game.

• Tuned values as shipped (PlayerFactory): both spells use a 3 world-unit radius and a 5 s cooldown; lightning deals 25 damage and flashes purple for 400 ms; freeze lasts 5 s. Invisibility runs 15 s on a 45 s cooldown; Last Stand runs 10 s on a 60 s cooldown and triggers strictly below 20% of max health.

Run the automated tests with:

cd source
./gradlew :core:test

Coverage is written to source/core/build/reports/jacoco/test/html/index.html by:

cd source
./gradlew :core:jacocoTestReport

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Coverage

Last verified run: 17 Sept 2026 on main (6f74305) — 1178 tests, 0 failures project-wide, of which 126 tests across 13 classes cover abilities and spells.

Reference: SonarCloud project overview · coverage by component

The badges above are project-wide (72.3% overall, 75.0% line, 66.0% branch). The figures below are the abilities and spells code only, taken from the same analysis.

Per-file coverage

Figures are SonarCloud's, confirmed against a local JaCoCo run of the same revision. Each file links to its SonarCloud measures page.

File	Lines	Line coverage	Branch coverage	Overall
PlayerAbilitiesComponent.java	161	100.0%	88.9%	95.3%
PlayerAbility.java	51	94.7%	—	94.7%
TimedPlayerAbility.java	59	92.0%	66.7%	81.4%
abilities/Invisibility.java	17	100.0%	—	100.0%
abilities/LastStand.java	23	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
spells/SpellComponent.java	73	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
spells/LightningSpellComponent.java	35	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
spells/FreezeSpellComponent.java	23	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
spells/SpellAoeVisualComponent.java	72	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
spells/targeting/ (6 files)	144	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
commands/AbilityCommand.java	30	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
commands/SpellCommand.java	29	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%

Aggregate across all 17 classes (JaCoCo, source/core/build/reports/jacoco/test/html/index.html):

Counter	Covered	Missed	Coverage
Instructions	1376	11	99.2%
Branches	193	14	93.2%
Lines	334	3	99.1%
Methods	82	2	97.6%
Classes	17	0	100.0%

The whole spells package, the targeting package and the abilities package are each at 100% line and branch coverage. The three uncovered lines are all in the two abstract base classes and are named under Known coverage gaps.

Tests per class

Test class	Tests
PlayerAbilitiesComponentTest	21
SpellComponentTest	17
LightningSpellComponentTest	11
SpellAoeVisualComponentTest	11
FreezeSpellComponentTest	10
StrategyWithinRadiusTest	10
SpellCommandTest	9
StrategyOnscreenTest	8
StrategyClosestTest	7
EnemyUtilsTest	6
AbilityCommandTest	6
StrategyAllTest	5
PlayerFactorySpellsTest	5
Total	126

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Automated Unit Test Plan

Abilities

PlayerAbilitiesComponentTest

The component owns cooldowns and gating for every ability; the status effects controller owns the active lifetime. These tests hold that split in place, and are written against a mocked clock so each deadline is asserted at the exact millisecond.

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
shouldStartInactiveAndTreatMissingTargetsAsNotConcealed	Inspect a fresh player, then cast invisibility.	Nothing is active and no events have fired; neither a missing target nor one without effects reads as concealed, and the player does only once invisibility is running.
shouldExpireInvisibilityAtExactDurationWithoutFrameUpdate	Cast, then step the clock to 14 999 ms and 15 000 ms.	Active at 14 999, inactive at exactly 15 000 without needing a frame; the 45 s cooldown keeps counting down past the end, and abilityEnded fires once.
shouldRejectRepeatedCastsWithoutExtendingEitherDeadlineAndRecastAtExactCooldown	Spam the cast during the run and the cooldown, then recast at exactly 45 000 ms.	Every early cast is refused with abilityFailed(..., "Ability is on cooldown") and extends neither deadline; the recast at the exact cooldown succeeds with a full duration.
shouldRequireEnablingAndNewDamageEvenWhenAlreadyBelowThreshold	Drop below 20% health before unlocking Last Stand, then unlock and take 1 more damage.	Unlocking alone never starts the passive — it waits for a fresh hit. Unlocking twice is idempotent.
shouldRequireHealthStrictlyBelowTwentyPercent	Take damage landing exactly on 20% of max health, then below it.	The threshold is strict: exactly 20% does not trigger, below it does.
shouldUseCurrentMaximumHealthWithoutIntegerRoundingOrOverflow	Trigger against unusual max-health values.	The threshold is evaluated against current max health in 64-bit arithmetic, so it neither rounds nor overflows.
shouldNotTriggerFromDirectHealthSettersOrNonhostileDamage	Set health directly, and take damage from a non-hostile source.	Neither starts the passive — only a hostile damageTaken event can.
shouldIgnoreZeroNegativeAndBlockedDamage	Fire damage events of 0, negative, and fully blocked damage.	Ignored; a hit must actually remove health.
shouldNotTriggerFromLethalDamageOrNonpositiveRemainingHealthEvents	Take a killing blow.	The passive does not fire on death — it is a last stand, not a revive.
shouldKeepLastStandDeadlinesThroughRepeatedEnablingAndDamage	Re-unlock and take further hits mid-run.	The run and cooldown keep their original deadlines rather than being refreshed.
shouldKeepAbilitiesIndependentAndNeverMutateRawStats	Run both abilities at once and read raw stats.	Each keeps its own cooldown and duration, and neither writes to a raw stat — the buff lives entirely in the effect.
shouldClearBothEffectsBeforeReentrantEndListenersAndNotifyOnlyOnce	End both while a listener re-enters the component.	Both are off before any end listener runs, and abilityEnded fires exactly once per ability.
shouldEndEffectsImmediatelyOnDeathAndRequireReenablingAfterRevival	Die mid-run, then revive.	Everything comes off at once, cooldowns clear and unlocks reset, so a new life starts clean.
shouldDisposeThroughEntityLifecycleAndLeaveRetainedCallbacksInert	Dispose the entity, then fire retained listeners.	Disposal clears state and the retained callbacks become inert instead of throwing (the event handler has no unsubscribe API).
shouldBeSafeBeforeCreationAndWithoutCombatStats	Query and cast before create(), and on an entity with no CombatStatsComponent.	Every call is safe and refuses rather than throwing.
shouldResolveRegisteredClockAtCreationAndRetainIt	Create with no injected clock.	The registered GameTime is resolved once at creation and retained.
shouldPreferInjectedClockOverRegisteredClockAndAllowCastingAtTimeZero	Inject a clock reading 0.	The injected clock wins, and a cast at t = 0 is allowed rather than being read as "already on cooldown".
shouldRunACastAbilityAddedWithoutChangingTheComponent	Register a brand-new cast ability.	It casts, cools down and fires events with no change to the component — the extension point works.
shouldTriggerAnAddedPassiveFromDamageAlongsideLastStand	Register a second passive and take a qualifying hit.	Both passives start from the same hit, independently.
shouldGiveAnAbilityItsOwnerSoItCanActOnOtherEntities	Register an ability that reads getOwner().	The owner is set on registration, so an ability can reach the world (e.g. effects on nearby enemies).
shouldRunAnInstantAbilityThatAppliesNoStatusEffect	Register an ability extending PlayerAbility directly.	It runs and cools down without ever touching the status effects system.

AbilityCommandTest

ability is the normal gameplay entry point, not a cheat: it goes through the component, so it can fail.

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
shouldRejectNullEmptyExtraAndUnknownArgumentsWithoutActivatingAbilities	Run with null, no args, two args and an unknown name.	All rejected, and nothing is activated as a side effect.
shouldRejectMissingPlayerOrAbilitiesForBothCommands	Run against a null player and a player with no abilities component.	Rejected rather than throwing.
shouldCastInvisibilityWithoutBypassingOrResettingCooldown	Cast twice in a row.	The second is refused — the command honours the cooldown instead of going around it.
shouldEnableLastStandIdempotentlyWithoutDirectActivationOrCooldownBypass	Run ability laststand repeatedly.	Unlocking is idempotent and never directly starts the passive or resets its cooldown.
shouldRejectDeadPlayerCastAndNotEnablePassiveWhileDead	Run both commands on a dead player.	Both refused.
shouldNotActivateDisposedOrUncreatedAbilitiesOrAbilitiesWithoutStats	Run against disposed, uncreated and stat-less components.	Refused in every case.

Spells

SpellComponentTest

Everything every spell shares: construction, cooldown, targeting hand-off, the area disc, and applying effects to targets that may not be able to carry one. The tests use a stub subclass, so they hold for any future spell too.

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
rejectsBeingBuiltWithoutTheThingsACastNeeds	Construct with a negative cooldown, and with a null event, colour or strategy.	IllegalArgumentException in every case.
aZeroCooldownSpellIsAlwaysReady	Cast a zero-cooldown spell repeatedly.	canCast() is always true.
landsOnEveryTargetTheStrategyPicked	Cast with several targets selected.	The effect is applied to each one.
landingOnNothingIsStillACast	Cast with an empty target list.	The cast succeeds and starts the cooldown — a miss still costs.
asksTheStrategyAboutTheCasterItIsAttachedTo	Cast from a component on an entity.	The strategy is asked about that entity, not some other one.
castingAgainDuringTheCooldownDoesNothingAtAll	Cast twice without ticking.	The second returns false, selects no targets and applies nothing.
becomesReadyAgainOnceTheCooldownHasBeenTickedThrough	Tick the full cooldown, then cast.	Ready again at the end of the cooldown.
aBadTimeStepNeitherStallsTheCooldownNorRunsItBackwards	Feed negative and oversized frame times.	The countdown clamps at zero and never runs backwards.
anIdleSpellDoesNotKeepAskingForTheTime	Tick an off-cooldown spell.	It stops querying the clock — no per-frame cost when idle.
itsOwnCastEventFiresIt	Trigger the component's cast event.	The spell casts.
showsTheAreaItCoveredInItsOwnColourAndTheStrategysRadius	Cast with an area visual attached.	The disc is shown in the spell's colour at the strategy's radius, so the circle drawn is the circle hit.
castingWithoutAnAreaVisualStillLands	Cast on an entity with no SpellAoeVisualComponent.	The effect still lands; the visual is optional.
swapsTargetingBehaviourWithoutTouchingTheEffect	Replace the strategy at runtime.	Targeting changes, the effect does not — targeting and effect stay decoupled.
refusesATargetingStrategyOfNull	Set a null strategy.	IllegalArgumentException.
putsTheEffectOnATargetThatCanCarryOne	Cast at a target with a status effects controller.	The effect is added.
skipsATargetThatCannotCarryAnEffectRatherThanThrowing	Cast at a target with no controller.	Skipped quietly.
skipsATargetWhoseControllerHasAlreadyBeenDisposed	Cast at a target mid-teardown.	Skipped, so a cast during a room transition cannot crash.

LightningSpellComponentTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
damagesEveryEnemyItCatches	Cast over several enemies.	Each loses the spell's damage.
canFinishOffAnEnemyOutright	Strike an enemy on low health.	It dies.
flashesEachStruckEnemyPurple	Cast and inspect the tint.	Each struck enemy is tinted purple.
alsoGlowsSoTheFlashShowsOnANearBlackEnemy	Strike a very dark sprite.	A purple glow is laid on top, so the hit still reads — a multiply-only tint would be invisible here.
theFlashIsBriefAndLeavesTheEnemyLookingNormalAgain	Run the flash out.	The tint comes off after 400 ms.
leavesTheStruckEnemyFreeToKeepFighting	Check stats after the strike.	Lightning damages but never immobilises or debuffs.
skipsSomethingWithNoHealthToTakeRatherThanThrowing	Catch a target with no CombatStatsComponent.	Skipped quietly.
doesNotStrikeAgainWhileOnCooldown	Cast twice in a row.	The second does nothing.
isCastByItsOwnEvent	Trigger castLightning.	The spell casts.
rejectsNonsensicalDamageOrFlashLengths	Construct with negative damage or flash duration.	IllegalArgumentException.
aZeroDamageBoltStillFlashesTheEnemy	Cast a 0-damage bolt.	The flash still plays, so feedback never depends on the damage roll.

The bolt deals unattributed damage — it does not name the caster, so a struck enemy does not treat it as a melee hit from the player.

FreezeSpellComponentTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
pinsEveryEnemyItCatches	Cast over several enemies.	Each is immobilised for the duration.
turnsThemLightBlueAndGlowingSoTheFreezeShowsOnAnySprite	Inspect tint and glow.	Light blue tint plus glow, so the freeze reads on dark sprites too.
aFrozenEnemyCannotHurtAnythingOnContactEither	Walk into a frozen enemy.	Its stats are zeroed, so contact damage lands for nothing.
thawsOnceTheFreezeRunsOutAndIsWholeAgain	Run the freeze out.	Movement, attack and appearance all return to normal.
doesNoDamageOfItsOwn	Check health after the cast.	Freeze is pure control — no damage.
skipsATargetThatCannotCarryAnEffect	Catch a target with no controller.	Skipped quietly.
doesNotFreezeAgainWhileOnCooldown	Cast twice in a row.	The second does nothing.
isCastByItsOwnEvent	Trigger castFreeze.	The spell casts.
lightningAndFreezeListenOnDifferentEventsSoOneCastIsNotBoth	Fire each event with both spells attached.	Only the matching spell responds — casting one never fires the other.
rejectsNonsensicalArguments	Construct with a negative duration or cooldown, or a null strategy.	IllegalArgumentException.

SpellAoeVisualComponentTest

One disc serves every spell on the caster; each cast says what colour and how far it reached.

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
drawsNothingUntilASpellIsCast	Render before any cast.	Nothing is drawn.
anIdleDiscDoesNotKeepAskingForTheTime	Tick while idle.	The clock is not queried — no per-frame cost.
drawsTheDiscCentredOnTheCasterAndSizedToTheRadius	Cast and inspect the draw call.	Centred on the caster, with a diameter of twice the radius.
drawsInTheColourTheCastAskedForRatherThanWhateverTheBatchWasSetTo	Draw with a pre-set batch colour.	The cast's colour is set, not multiplied — the caster's own damage flash never tints the disc.
restoresTheBatchColourAfterwardsSoTheNextSpriteIsUnaffected	Draw, then inspect the batch.	The previous packed colour is restored, including on an exception path.
fadesOutAndThenStopsDrawingAltogether	Advance through the 0.55 s fade.	Alpha falls with the fade, then drawing stops.
aRadiuslessStrategyDrawsNoCircleAtAll	Cast through an unbounded strategy (radius 0).	No disc — an unbounded spell has no circle to honestly draw.
aSecondCastReplacesTheFadeOfTheFirst	Cast during another cast's fade.	The new disc replaces the old, which is what the player expects to see.
survivesAFrameWithNoUsableTimeStep	Feed a zero, negative or non-finite delta.	The fade holds rather than jumping or stalling forever.
sitsBehindEverySpriteSoItReadsAsPaintedOnTheFloor	Read the z-index.	Behind every sprite in the layer.
disposingTwiceIsHarmless	Dispose twice.	No double-free of the generated texture.

Targeting

Targeting is fully decoupled from spell effects, so these tests protect both spells and any future one at once.

EnemyUtilsTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
treatsAnEntityOnTheNpcLayerAsAnEnemy	Check an NPC-layer hitbox.	Recognised as an enemy.
treatsAnEntityOnAnotherLayerAsNotAnEnemy	Check a non-NPC layer.	Not an enemy — spells never catch the player or scenery.
treatsAnEntityWithoutAHitboxAsNotAnEnemy	Check an entity with no hitbox.	Not an enemy.
treatsAHitboxWithNoFixtureYetAsNotAnEnemy	Check a hitbox before physics has built its fixture.	Not an enemy — casting on the first frame of a room cannot throw.
recognisesAnEnemyOnSeveralLayersAtOnce	Check a multi-layer hitbox including NPC.	Still an enemy.
cannotBeInstantiated	Construct the utility class.	Throws — it is static-only.

StrategyAllTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
returnsEveryEnemyRegardlessOfDistance	Register enemies near and far.	All are returned.
excludesTheCasterEvenWhenItIsItselfOnTheEnemyLayer	Cast from an entity on the NPC layer.	The caster is never its own target.
excludesEntitiesThatAreNotEnemies	Register non-enemies.	Excluded.
returnsEmptyRatherThanNullWhenTheWorldHoldsNoEnemies	Select with nothing registered.	Empty array, never null.
reportsNoRadiusBecauseItIsNotBoundedByOne	Read getRadius().	0 — so a spell using it draws no circle.

StrategyClosestTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
returnsOnlyTheNearestEnemy	Register several enemies.	Exactly one target, the nearest.
measuresDistanceFromTheCasterRatherThanTheOrigin	Cast from away from the origin.	Distance is measured from the caster's centre.
keepsTheFirstEnemyEncounteredWhenTwoAreEquallyClose	Register a tie.	Deterministic — the first encountered wins.
ignoresNonEnemiesEvenWhenTheyAreCloser	Put a non-enemy nearest.	Ignored.
excludesTheCasterEvenWhenItIsTheNearestThingOnTheEnemyLayer	Cast from an NPC-layer entity.	The caster is excluded.
returnsEmptyWhenThereIsNothingToTarget	Select with no enemies.	Empty array.
reportsNoRadiusBecauseItIsNotBoundedByOne	Read getRadius().	0.

StrategyWithinRadiusTest

This is the strategy both shipped spells use.

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
selectsOnlyTheEnemiesInsideTheRadius	Register enemies in and out of range.	Only those inside.
measuresFromTheCasterRatherThanTheOrigin	Cast away from the origin.	Measured from the caster's centre.
excludesAnEnemyExactlyOnTheEdge	Place an enemy exactly at the radius.	Excluded — the boundary is strict, matching the drawn circle.
measuresDiagonallyRatherThanPerAxis	Place an enemy diagonally inside the bounding box but outside the circle.	Excluded — it is a circle, not a square.
excludesTheCasterAndEverythingThatIsNotAnEnemy	Register the caster and non-enemies in range.	Excluded.
defaultsToATenUnitRadius	Use the no-arg constructor.	Radius is 10 world units.
reportsTheRadiusItWasBuiltWithSoASpellCanDrawTheSameCircleItHits	Read getRadius().	The construction radius, which is what the area disc draws.
rejectsANegativeRadius	Construct with a negative radius.	IllegalArgumentException.
aZeroRadiusHitsNothing	Select with radius 0.	No targets.
theOneOffOverloadUsesTheRadiusPassedInsteadOfItsOwn	Call selectTargets(caster, radius).	The passed radius wins for that call only.

StrategyOnscreenTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
selectsAnEnemyWellInsideTheViewport	Place an enemy on screen.	Selected.
excludesAnEnemyPastTheEdgeOfTheViewport	Place an enemy off screen.	Excluded.
includesAnEnemyExactlyOnTheViewportBoundary	Place an enemy exactly on the edge.	Included — if the player can see it, it can be hit.
followsTheCameraRatherThanTheWorldOrigin	Move the camera.	Visibility is judged against the camera, not the origin.
judgesEachEnemyIndependentlyRatherThanCorruptingLaterReads	Select with several enemies.	Each is judged from its own position — the shared vector maths does not leak between them.
excludesTheCasterAndOffLayerEntitiesEvenWhenTheyAreOnScreen	Put the caster and non-enemies on screen.	Excluded.
rejectsBeingBuiltWithoutACamera	Construct with a null camera.	IllegalArgumentException.
reportsNoRadiusBecauseAViewportIsNotACircle	Read getRadius().	0 — a rectangle has no honest circle to draw.

Player Wiring and Commands

PlayerFactorySpellsTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
carriesBothSpellsAndTheDiscTheyShareToShowTheirArea	Build a player.	Lightning, freeze and one shared SpellAoeVisualComponent are attached.
bothSpellsStartReadyToCast	Inspect a fresh player.	Neither starts on cooldown.
givesEachPlayerItsOwnSpellsRatherThanSharingOneCooldown	Build two players and cast on one.	The other is unaffected — no static state.
castingOneSpellDoesNotPutTheOtherOnCooldown	Cast lightning, then freeze.	Cooldowns are per spell.
bothSpellsCoverTheSameAreaSoThePlayerLearnsOneRange	Compare the two radii.	Identical, so the player learns one range for both.

SpellCommandTest

Test	Purpose	Expected Result
castsLightning / castsFreeze	Run each command.	The matching spell casts.
castingOneSpellLeavesTheOtherReady	Cast one, then the other.	The second still casts.
reportsFailureWhileTheSpellIsStillOnCooldown	Cast twice in a row.	The command reports failure rather than firing anyway.
succeedsAgainOnceTheCooldownHasRunDown	Tick the cooldown, then recast.	Succeeds.
rejectsASpellNameItDoesNotKnow	Run spell fireball.	Rejected.
rejectsTheWrongNumberOfArguments	Run with no args and with two.	Rejected.
survivesBeingCalledWithNothingToWorkWith	Run with a null player or null args.	Rejected rather than throwing.
reportsFailureWhenThePlayerSimplyDoesNotHaveThatSpell	Run against a player without that spell component.	Rejected.

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Manual Gameplay Test Plan

Setup for every test below: run the game, enter a dungeon room with enemies, open the debug terminal (F1), and use the commands above. Abilities and spells are not yet bound to keys, so the terminal stays open between casts.

Invisibility

Test	Steps	Expected Result
Player reads as hidden	Cast ability invisibility.	The player sprite is drawn faded, so the state is obvious without checking the HUD.
Enemies break off	Cast while being chased.	Chasing enemies lose the player and stop pursuing.
No contact damage	Stand in a crowd of enemies while hidden.	The player takes no damage and is not shoved.
Bombs do not fuse	Stand on a bomb enemy while hidden, then wait for invisibility to expire.	The fuse does not light while hidden; it lights the moment the ability ends.
Expires cleanly	Watch the player at the 15 s mark.	The fade lifts and enemies immediately reacquire the player.
Cooldown is honoured	Cast again straight after it ends.	The terminal reports failure until 45 s from the start of the previous cast.

Last Stand

Test	Steps	Expected Result
Locked by default	Drop below 20% health without unlocking.	Nothing happens.
Unlock then trigger	Run ability laststand, then take hits down to under 20% health.	The player turns red and strength, movement speed and attack speed all climb.
Buff is real in combat	Attack an enemy while the buff is up.	Weapon hits land for more and swing faster than the same weapon did before.
Exactly 20% does nothing	Take a hit landing exactly on 20%.	No trigger — one more point of damage is needed.
Reverts on expiry	Wait out the 10 s.	Tint and stats return to their previous values.
Death resets it	Die, then respawn.	The passive is locked again and must be unlocked afresh.

Lightning

Test	Steps	Expected Result
Area is visible	Run spell lightning.	A purple disc is drawn on the floor around the player and fades over about half a second.
The disc matches the hit	Cast with enemies just inside and just outside the disc.	Exactly the enemies inside the circle flash and take damage.
Damage lands	Cast beside a full-health enemy.	It loses 25 health.
Kills work	Cast on an enemy under 25 health.	It dies without crashing the game.
Flash reads on dark sprites	Cast on a dark enemy.	It still visibly flashes purple.
Enemies keep fighting	Watch a struck enemy.	It keeps moving and attacking — lightning does not control.
Cooldown is honoured	Cast twice in a row.	The second is refused until 5 s have passed.
The disc is under sprites	Cast in a crowd.	The disc is painted under every sprite, not over them.

Freeze

Test	Steps	Expected Result
Area is visible	Run spell freeze.	A light blue disc is drawn around the player and fades.
Enemies are pinned	Cast on chasing enemies.	Each stops dead, tinted light blue, for 5 s.
Frozen enemies are harmless	Walk into a frozen enemy.	It deals no contact damage.
No damage	Watch health bars through the freeze.	Frozen enemies lose no health.
Thaw is clean	Wait out the 5 s.	Enemies resume chasing at normal speed and the tint lifts.
Cooldown is honoured	Cast twice in a row.	The second is refused until 5 s have passed.
Spells are independent	Cast freeze, then lightning immediately.	Lightning still fires — the cooldowns are separate.

Combined

Test	Steps	Expected Result
Freeze then strike	Freeze a group, then cast lightning on them.	Frozen enemies take the damage and stay frozen; the second disc replaces the first.
Hidden and casting	Cast invisibility, then a spell.	Spells still land and enemies still cannot find the player — casting does not break concealment.
Last Stand escape	Trigger Last Stand at low health, then freeze the room.	Both run at once, on their own timers, and the escape works.

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Known Coverage Gaps

Three lines in the two abstract base classes are not covered, all of them fallbacks that no shipped ability reaches:

Location	Uncovered	Why
PlayerAbility.isCastable()	The default return false	Both shipped abilities are reached through paths that never hit the base default: Invisibility overrides it, and Last Stand is unlocked rather than cast. It is exercised indirectly through the added-ability tests.
TimedPlayerAbility.getEffect()	The whole accessor	A protected hook for subclasses that need to read their own live effect. Neither Invisibility nor Last Stand does.
TimedPlayerAbility.start()	The effects == null early return	Guards an ability started before it has been attached to a controller. PlayerAbilitiesComponent always attaches on registration, so production never reaches it.

These are the only gaps; everything else in the feature is at 100% line and branch coverage.

Areas Not Covered by Automated Tests

• Visual correctness. The rendering tests assert the arguments handed to the sprite batch, not pixels. Whether the disc reads as painted on the floor, whether the purple flash is legible against a given enemy, and whether the fade feels right are judged manually.
• Tuning. Radius, damage, durations and cooldowns are asserted as whatever they were constructed with; whether 3 units / 25 damage / 5 s is the right value is a balance judgement made in playtesting.
• Input. Abilities and spells have no keybinding yet, so there is no KeyboardPlayerInputComponent coverage for them. Both are reached through the debug terminal, whose parsing is manual; the command classes themselves are fully covered.
• No HUD for spells. There is no cooldown indicator, so a player cannot currently see when a spell is ready — a refused cast is silent in game. Reported as failure by the terminal only.
• StrategyAll across rooms. It selects every enemy registered with the EntityService. That is correct while only one room's entities are registered at a time; if that ever changes it would reach into other rooms. Neither shipped spell uses it.
• Enemy-side reactions to concealment and immobilisation (chase, lunge, ranged and bomb behaviour) are covered by the enemy AI test classes listed on Player Abilities and Status Effects, not repeated here.

Related pages

• Player Abilities and Status Effects
• Status Effects
• CombatStatsComponent
• Weapons Test Plan
• Unit Testing