Routing Internet Protocol (RIPV2):

Section 1: Describe the mechanisms that make RIP.

RIP, a distance vector protocol using UDP, is used to transfer routing tables between localized routers. This means that each router will have a full list of all destinations and routers it knows. Then it broadcasts, periodically, the full list to each of the routers directly connected to them.This allows all hosts to have the same routing path information (Brush).

Section 2: Describe RIP & Route Distance Metric.

Route Distance Metric essentially describes how far a distance your packet must travel. In relation to RIP this metric would be in Hops. However according to IPv4 this would instead be stated as TTL (Time to live) which is inaccurate due to time not being a metric for the equation. (Arista)

Section 3: RIP limitations on a large network.

RIP is less likely to be used in large networks due to it cannot exceed 15 hops. As a result of RIP using a count to infinity, it is possible for it to get itself into a routing loop thus decreasing available bandwidth. It also uses a fixed routing method making it less reliable then other IGPs. (Juniper)

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF):

Section 1: Describe OSPF mechanisms and how they build their routing tables.

Once a packet is received both neighbors then gain each other's router ID. Following this they exchange Database Descriptions, Link State Requests, Link State Update Packets. (Uninets)
This process probably would use a realistic transient link as its main connector as it would reduce the strain placed on any one network (javatpoint)

Section 1: Describe OSPF and the cost metric

OSPF cost is essentially a protocol used to determine the shortest path available between networks. The calculation for cost is as follows: reference bandwidth /interface bandwidth (Arvey).

Router Networking (OSPF / RIP):

Question 1: How many hops to reach Burlington from SanFrancisco (RIP)

Total Hops: 5
---> Router to San Francisco;
---> San Francisco To Seattle;
---> Seattle to Chicago;
---> Chicago to Boston;
---> Boston to Burlington;

Question 2: How many hops to reach Burlington from SanFrancisco (OSPF)

Total Hops: 6 (Cost: 105)
---> Router to San Francisco;
---> San Francisco To Denver;
---> Denver to Kansas;
---> Kansas to NewYork;
---> NewYork to Boston;
---> Boston to Burlington;