Rubber Powder and Granulates - Aliapur/Wiki GitHub Wiki
Rubber powder and granulate (also frequently refered as crumb rubber or SBR granulates) are products from a granulation process, a very fine shredding of end-of-life tyres where rubber is separated from the textile fibres and the metallic wires that are also found in tyres. The only difference between powder and granulates is the granulometry, and here are the commonly accepted limits:
- For granulates, the size of the pieces varies between 0.8 and 20 mm
- For powder, the size of the particles varies between 10 µm and 0.8 mm
Granulates have been used in several applications, alone or in combination with other materials:
- Anti-vibration
- Equestrian floors
- Shock-absorbing mats
- Rail filler block system
- Sports surfaces
- Synthetic turf
- Urban playground
- Moulded objects
- Urban furniture
- Wheels
- Concrete
- Acoustic screens
- Filtration of waste water
- Car parts
Rubber granulates have quite different properties from plastics or virgin rubber for example. This is due to the way tyres are made. More information about the origin and the resulting properties on this specific article.
| Property | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.16 – 1.22 g.cm-3 | Densité réelle (Aliapur) |
| Bulk density (including voids) | 0.36 – 0.44 g.cm-3 | Densité apparente (Aliapur) |
| Specific area | 0.001-0.09 m2.g-1 | Surface spécifique (Aliapur) |
| Property | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Net calorific value | 35 MJ.kg-1 | Pouvoir calorifique (Aliapur) |
The chemical composition of granulates was determined on batches from four different European factories, which are using different technologies and different raw materials (car and truck tires). Results between studies in 2007 and 2013 are consistent and show no significant evolution in the chemical composition.
| Element | Mass percentage |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 78 - 82 % |
| Hydrogen (H) | 7 – 7.5 % |
| Oxygen (O) | 2.8 – 3.2 % |
| Zinc (Zn) | 1.6 - 3.1 % |
| Sulfur (S) | 1.1 – 2.1 % |
| Silicon (Si) | 1.0 – 2.3 % |
| Element | Mass percentage |
|---|---|
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.3 – 0.5 % |
| Calcium (Ca) | 0.09 - 0.53 % |
| Iron (Fe) | 0.02 - 0.20% |
| Element | Mass percentage |
|---|---|
| Aluminum (Al) | 0.03 – 0.06 % |
| Antimony (Sb) | 0.0006 – 0.0009 % |
| Bromine (Br) | 0.02 - 0.04 % |
| Cadmium (Cd) | 0.0002 % |
| Chlorine (Cl) | 0.02 – 0.06 % |
| Cobalt (Co) | 0.009 -0 .06 % |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.002 – 0.02 % |
| Tin (Sn) | 0.0005 % |
| Magnesium (Mg) | 0.03 – 0.05 % |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.03 % |
| Lead (Pb) | 0.002 – 0.004 % |
| Potassium (K) | 0.03 – 0.06 % |
| Sodium (Na) | 0.03 – 0.06 % |
| Titanium (Ti) | 0.004 – 0.01 % |
Trace elements below quantification limit
-
Selenium (Se)
-
Arsenic (As)
-
Barium (Ba)
-
Chrome (Cr)
-
Manganese (Mn)
-
Beryllium (Be)
-
Molybdenum (Mo)
-
Nickel (Ni)
-
Vanadium (V)
-
Mercury (Hg)
-
Fluorine (F)
-
Thallium (Tl)
| Country | Working with Aliapur | Other granulators |
|---|---|---|
| France |
Delta Gom HET Roll Gom |
|
| Spain | GMN | |
| Germany |
PVP Triptis Genan |
|
| Austria | KIAS Recycling | |
| Denmark | Genan | |
| Netherlands | Rumal |
| Country | Working with Aliapur | Other granulators |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | GMN |
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