Scenario - zamaniamin/python GitHub Wiki

As a programmer, how to write a scenario

Scenarios can be used to help programmers understand how a system should work. They can also be used to test the system to make sure it meets the requirements of the users.

A scenario is a sequence of events that can occur in a system. It is defined by the following elements:

Actors: The entities that participate in the scenario.
Goal: The desired outcome of the scenario.
Steps: The individual actions that must be taken to achieve the goal.
Constraints: The conditions that must be met for the scenario to be successful.
Reactions: The responses of the system to the actions of the actors.

Here is an example of a scenario for "User Registration":

Actors:

The entity participating in the scenario is the user.

Goal:

The desired outcome of the scenario is for the user to successfully register an account.

Steps:

    Given that the user is on the registration page.
    When the user enters their name, email, and password.
    When the user submits the registration form.
    Then the system validates the entered data.
    Then the system creates a new user account.
    Then the system sends a verification email to the user.
    Then the user receives the verification email.
    Then the user clicks on the verification link in the email.

Constraints:

    The user must provide a valid email address.
    The user must choose a secure password.
    The email address must be unique and not already registered.
    The system must be able to send emails.
    The user must have access to their email account.
    The verification link in the email must be valid and not expired.

Reactions:

    The system stores the user's account information.
    The system marks the user account as unverified until the verification step is completed.
    The system sends a success message to the user upon successful registration.
    The system sends a verification email to the user for account verification.

In this scenario, the user's goal is to register an account. The steps outline the actions taken by the user and the system's responses. The constraints specify the conditions that must be met for the scenario to succeed, such as providing valid information, unique email address, and the ability to send emails. The reactions describe the expected outcomes, including the creation of a new user account, sending a verification email, and updating the account status.

Given-When-Then

As a programmer, one rule to define a scenario is to follow the "Given-When-Then" format. This format helps structure and clarify the scenario, making it easier to understand and test.

• Given: The Given clause describes the initial state of the system. It sets the stage for the scenario and establishes the context for the actions that will be taken.
• When: The When clause describes the actions that are taken by the actors in the scenario. These actions are the events that cause the system to change state.
• Then: The Then clause describes the expected outcome of the scenario. It specifies the new state of the system after the actions have been taken.

By following this rule and clearly defining the "Given-When-Then" structure, you can effectively communicate and document the behavior or functionality being tested or implemented. It helps ensure that scenarios are well-defined, specific, and cover the desired aspects of the software's behavior. Additionally, this format can be used as a foundation for writing automated tests, as each scenario can be translated into a test case using frameworks like BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) or TDD (Test-Driven Development).

A good example of a scenario defined using the "Given-When-Then" format:

Scenario: User Registration

Given there is a user registration form on the website,

And the user has not registered before,

When the user fills out the registration form with valid information,

And submits the form,

Then the user should receive a confirmation email,

And the user's account should be created in the system,

And the user should be redirected to the login page.

In this example, the scenario revolves around the process of user registration on a website. The "Given" section establishes the initial state, where there is a registration form available and the user is new. The "When" section describes the action taken by the user to fill out and submit the registration form. The "Then" section outlines the expected outcomes, including receiving a confirmation email, creating the user account, and being redirected to the login page.

This scenario provides a clear sequence of events and expected results, allowing both developers and testers to understand the intended behavior of the system during user registration. It can serve as a basis for writing test cases to ensure that the registration process functions correctly and meets the specified requirements.