$ cat test.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("hello world\n");
return 0;
}$ file a.out
a.out: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.18, BuildID[sha1]=6a617e65aaf90badcd43b65d3af1df3357b04170, not stripped
$ cat a.out
ELF>?@@? @@@@@@?@@@@?? ??`?`? ??`?`?@@DDP?td??@?@$$Q?t/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2GNUGNUja~e??
??C?]:??3W?Ap __gmon_start__libc.so.6puts__libc_start_mainGLIBC_2.2.5ui 1```H??s???H???5? ?%? @?%? h??????%? h?????1?I??^H??H???PTI?? ?Ř`H?? H9?r??? H?[??fff.?H?= UH??t?H????`????Ð?UH???@???????Ð????????fffff.?H?l$?L?d$?H?-? L?%| L?l$?L?t$?L?|$?H?\$?H??8L)?A??I??H??I???[???H??t1?@L??L??D??A??H??H9?r?H?\H?l$L?d$L?l$ L?t$(L?|$0H??8Ð??????UH??SH?H?? H???t??`DH???H?H???u?H?[?Ð?H??o???H??hello world ????<????\
???tzRx
P ????A?C
<????$T?????Q??_@????????????????????
?@???o`@?@?@ ?@
=
`0`@H@ ???o(@???o???o@?`?@?@GCC: (GNU) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17).symtab.strtab.shstrtab.interp.note.ABI-tag.note.gnu.build-id.gnu.hash.dynsym.dynstr.gnu.version.gnu.version_r.rela.dyn.rela.plt.init.text.fini.rodata.eh_frame_hdr.eh_frame.ctors.dtors.jcr.dynamic.got.got.plt.data.bss.comment#@ 1<@<$D???o`@N
?@?V?@?=^???ok???o(@(zH@?`@`0
??@???@?0??@????@???@??@?$??`??`????`??`?0-? . ?@@<@`@?@?@(@ H@
`@
?@
?@?@?@?@?`?`?`?`````
?@????`??`??`?`
?@????`???`???`???@??`?
?@call_gmon_startcrtstuff.c__CTOR_LIST____DTOR_LIST____JCR_LIST____do_global_dtors_auxcompleted.6352dtor_idx.6354frame_dummy__CTOR_END____FRAME_END____JCR_END____do_global_ctors_auxtest.c_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE___init_array_end__init_array_start_DYNAMICdata_start__libc_csu_fini_start__gmon_start___Jv_RegisterClassesputs@@GLIBC_2.2.5_fini__libc_start_main@@GLIBC_2.2.5_IO_stdin_used__data_start__dso_handle__DTOR_END____libc_csu_init__bss_start_end_edatamain_init[wmb$ readelf --help
Usage: readelf <option(s)> elf-file(s)
Display information about the contents of ELF format files
Options are:
-a --all Equivalent to: -h -l -S -s -r -d -V -A -I
-h --file-header Display the ELF file header
-l --program-headers Display the program headers
--segments An alias for --program-headers
-S --section-headers Display the sections' header
--sections An alias for --section-headers
-g --section-groups Display the section groups
-t --section-details Display the section details
-e --headers Equivalent to: -h -l -S
-s --syms Display the symbol table
--symbols An alias for --syms
-n --notes Display the core notes (if present)
-r --relocs Display the relocations (if present)
-u --unwind Display the unwind info (if present)
-d --dynamic Display the dynamic section (if present)
-V --version-info Display the version sections (if present)
-A --arch-specific Display architecture specific information (if any).
-c --archive-index Display the symbol/file index in an archive
-D --use-dynamic Use the dynamic section info when displaying symbols
-x --hex-dump=<number|name>
Dump the contents of section <number|name> as bytes
-p --string-dump=<number|name>
Dump the contents of section <number|name> as strings
-R --relocated-dump=<number|name>
Dump the contents of section <number|name> as relocated bytes
-w[lLiaprmfFsoR] or
--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=str,=loc,=Ranges]
Display the contents of DWARF2 debug sections
-I --histogram Display histogram of bucket list lengths
-W --wide Allow output width to exceed 80 characters
@<file> Read options from <file>
-H --help Display this information
-v --version Display the version number of readelf
Report bugs to <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/>$ cat readelf_S
There are 30 section headers, starting at offset 0x9a0:
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Address Offset
Size EntSize Flags Link Info Align
[ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
[ 1] .interp PROGBITS 0000000000400200 00000200
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1
[ 2] .note.ABI-tag NOTE 000000000040021c 0000021c
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE 000000000040023c 0000023c
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[ 4] .gnu.hash GNU_HASH 0000000000400260 00000260
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 5 0 8
[ 5] .dynsym DYNSYM 0000000000400280 00000280
0000000000000060 0000000000000018 A 6 1 8
[ 6] .dynstr STRTAB 00000000004002e0 000002e0
000000000000003d 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1
[ 7] .gnu.version VERSYM 000000000040031e 0000031e
0000000000000008 0000000000000002 A 5 0 2
[ 8] .gnu.version_r VERNEED 0000000000400328 00000328
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 6 1 8
[ 9] .rela.dyn RELA 0000000000400348 00000348
0000000000000018 0000000000000018 A 5 0 8
[10] .rela.plt RELA 0000000000400360 00000360
0000000000000030 0000000000000018 A 5 12 8
[11] .init PROGBITS 0000000000400390 00000390
0000000000000018 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[12] .plt PROGBITS 00000000004003a8 000003a8
0000000000000030 0000000000000010 AX 0 0 4
[13] .text PROGBITS 00000000004003e0 000003e0
00000000000001d8 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 16
[14] .fini PROGBITS 00000000004005b8 000005b8
000000000000000e 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[15] .rodata PROGBITS 00000000004005c8 000005c8
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[16] .eh_frame_hdr PROGBITS 00000000004005e4 000005e4
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[17] .eh_frame PROGBITS 0000000000400608 00000608
000000000000007c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[18] .ctors PROGBITS 0000000000600688 00000688
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[19] .dtors PROGBITS 0000000000600698 00000698
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[20] .jcr PROGBITS 00000000006006a8 000006a8
0000000000000008 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[21] .dynamic DYNAMIC 00000000006006b0 000006b0
0000000000000190 0000000000000010 WA 6 0 8
[22] .got PROGBITS 0000000000600840 00000840
0000000000000008 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8
[23] .got.plt PROGBITS 0000000000600848 00000848
0000000000000028 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8
[24] .data PROGBITS 0000000000600870 00000870
0000000000000004 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 4
[25] .bss NOBITS 0000000000600878 00000874
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[26] .comment PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000874
000000000000002d 0000000000000001 MS 0 0 1
[27] .shstrtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 000008a1
00000000000000fe 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[28] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 00001120
0000000000000600 0000000000000018 29 46 8
[29] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00001720
00000000000001f0 0000000000000000 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings)
I (info), L (link order), G (group), x (unknown)
O (extra OS processing required) o (OS specific), p (processor specific)$ cat readelf_V
Version symbols section '.gnu.version' contains 4 entries:
Addr: 000000000040031e Offset: 0x00031e Link: 5 (.dynsym)
000: 0 (*local*) 0 (*local*) 2 (GLIBC_2.2.5) 2 (GLIBC_2.2.5)
Version needs section '.gnu.version_r' contains 1 entries:
Addr: 0x0000000000400328 Offset: 0x000328 Link: 6 (.dynstr)
000000: Version: 1 File: libc.so.6 Cnt: 1
0x0010: Name: GLIBC_2.2.5 Flags: none Version: 2
$ cat readelf_a
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF64
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: EXEC (Executable file)
Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0x4003e0
Start of program headers: 64 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 2464 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x0
Size of this header: 64 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 56 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 8
Size of section headers: 64 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 30
Section header string table index: 27
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Address Offset
Size EntSize Flags Link Info Align
[ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
[ 1] .interp PROGBITS 0000000000400200 00000200
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1
[ 2] .note.ABI-tag NOTE 000000000040021c 0000021c
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE 000000000040023c 0000023c
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[ 4] .gnu.hash GNU_HASH 0000000000400260 00000260
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 5 0 8
[ 5] .dynsym DYNSYM 0000000000400280 00000280
0000000000000060 0000000000000018 A 6 1 8
[ 6] .dynstr STRTAB 00000000004002e0 000002e0
000000000000003d 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1
[ 7] .gnu.version VERSYM 000000000040031e 0000031e
0000000000000008 0000000000000002 A 5 0 2
[ 8] .gnu.version_r VERNEED 0000000000400328 00000328
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 6 1 8
[ 9] .rela.dyn RELA 0000000000400348 00000348
0000000000000018 0000000000000018 A 5 0 8
[10] .rela.plt RELA 0000000000400360 00000360
0000000000000030 0000000000000018 A 5 12 8
[11] .init PROGBITS 0000000000400390 00000390
0000000000000018 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[12] .plt PROGBITS 00000000004003a8 000003a8
0000000000000030 0000000000000010 AX 0 0 4
[13] .text PROGBITS 00000000004003e0 000003e0
00000000000001d8 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 16
[14] .fini PROGBITS 00000000004005b8 000005b8
000000000000000e 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[15] .rodata PROGBITS 00000000004005c8 000005c8
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[16] .eh_frame_hdr PROGBITS 00000000004005e4 000005e4
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[17] .eh_frame PROGBITS 0000000000400608 00000608
000000000000007c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[18] .ctors PROGBITS 0000000000600688 00000688
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[19] .dtors PROGBITS 0000000000600698 00000698
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[20] .jcr PROGBITS 00000000006006a8 000006a8
0000000000000008 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[21] .dynamic DYNAMIC 00000000006006b0 000006b0
0000000000000190 0000000000000010 WA 6 0 8
[22] .got PROGBITS 0000000000600840 00000840
0000000000000008 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8
[23] .got.plt PROGBITS 0000000000600848 00000848
0000000000000028 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8
[24] .data PROGBITS 0000000000600870 00000870
0000000000000004 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 4
[25] .bss NOBITS 0000000000600878 00000874
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[26] .comment PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000874
000000000000002d 0000000000000001 MS 0 0 1
[27] .shstrtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 000008a1
00000000000000fe 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[28] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 00001120
0000000000000600 0000000000000018 29 46 8
[29] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00001720
00000000000001f0 0000000000000000 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings)
I (info), L (link order), G (group), x (unknown)
O (extra OS processing required) o (OS specific), p (processor specific)
There are no section groups in this file.
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
PHDR 0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000400040 0x0000000000400040
0x00000000000001c0 0x00000000000001c0 R E 8
INTERP 0x0000000000000200 0x0000000000400200 0x0000000000400200
0x000000000000001c 0x000000000000001c R 1
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000400000
0x0000000000000684 0x0000000000000684 R E 200000
LOAD 0x0000000000000688 0x0000000000600688 0x0000000000600688
0x00000000000001ec 0x0000000000000200 RW 200000
DYNAMIC 0x00000000000006b0 0x00000000006006b0 0x00000000006006b0
0x0000000000000190 0x0000000000000190 RW 8
NOTE 0x000000000000021c 0x000000000040021c 0x000000000040021c
0x0000000000000044 0x0000000000000044 R 4
GNU_EH_FRAME 0x00000000000005e4 0x00000000004005e4 0x00000000004005e4
0x0000000000000024 0x0000000000000024 R 4
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 8
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00
01 .interp
02 .interp .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame_hdr .eh_frame
03 .ctors .dtors .jcr .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss
04 .dynamic
05 .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id
06 .eh_frame_hdr
07
Dynamic section at offset 0x6b0 contains 20 entries:
Tag Type Name/Value
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x400390
0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x4005b8
0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x400260
0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x4002e0
0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x400280
0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 61 (bytes)
0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000015 (DEBUG) 0x0
0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x600848
0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 48 (bytes)
0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x400360
0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x400348
0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x400328
0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 1
0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x40031e
0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0
Relocation section '.rela.dyn' at offset 0x348 contains 1 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000600840 000100000006 R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0000000000000000 __gmon_start__ + 0
Relocation section '.rela.plt' at offset 0x360 contains 2 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000600860 000200000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 puts + 0
000000600868 000300000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __libc_start_main + 0
There are no unwind sections in this file.
Symbol table '.dynsym' contains 4 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND
1: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND __gmon_start__
2: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND puts@GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)
3: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)
Symbol table '.symtab' contains 64 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND
1: 0000000000400200 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 1
2: 000000000040021c 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 2
3: 000000000040023c 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 3
4: 0000000000400260 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 4
5: 0000000000400280 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 5
6: 00000000004002e0 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 6
7: 000000000040031e 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 7
8: 0000000000400328 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 8
9: 0000000000400348 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 9
10: 0000000000400360 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 10
11: 0000000000400390 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 11
12: 00000000004003a8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 12
13: 00000000004003e0 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 13
14: 00000000004005b8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 14
15: 00000000004005c8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 15
16: 00000000004005e4 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 16
17: 0000000000400608 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 17
18: 0000000000600688 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 18
19: 0000000000600698 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 19
20: 00000000006006a8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 20
21: 00000000006006b0 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 21
22: 0000000000600840 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 22
23: 0000000000600848 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 23
24: 0000000000600870 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 24
25: 0000000000600878 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 25
26: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 26
27: 000000000040040c 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 13 call_gmon_start
28: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS crtstuff.c
29: 0000000000600688 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 18 __CTOR_LIST__
30: 0000000000600698 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 19 __DTOR_LIST__
31: 00000000006006a8 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 20 __JCR_LIST__
32: 0000000000400430 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 13 __do_global_dtors_aux
33: 0000000000600878 1 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 25 completed.6352
34: 0000000000600880 8 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 25 dtor_idx.6354
35: 00000000004004a0 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 13 frame_dummy
36: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS crtstuff.c
37: 0000000000600690 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 18 __CTOR_END__
38: 0000000000400680 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 17 __FRAME_END__
39: 00000000006006a8 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 20 __JCR_END__
40: 0000000000400580 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 13 __do_global_ctors_aux
41: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS test.c
42: 0000000000600848 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 23 _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_
43: 0000000000600684 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT 18 __init_array_end
44: 0000000000600684 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT 18 __init_array_start
45: 00000000006006b0 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 21 _DYNAMIC
46: 0000000000600870 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT 24 data_start
47: 00000000004004e0 2 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 13 __libc_csu_fini
48: 00000000004003e0 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 13 _start
49: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND __gmon_start__
50: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND _Jv_RegisterClasses
51: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND puts@@GLIBC_2.2.5
52: 00000000004005b8 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 14 _fini
53: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND __libc_start_main@@GLIBC_
54: 00000000004005c8 4 OBJECT GLOBAL DEFAULT 15 _IO_stdin_used
55: 0000000000600870 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 24 __data_start
56: 00000000004005d0 0 OBJECT GLOBAL HIDDEN 15 __dso_handle
57: 00000000006006a0 0 OBJECT GLOBAL HIDDEN 19 __DTOR_END__
58: 00000000004004f0 137 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 13 __libc_csu_init
59: 0000000000600874 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT ABS __bss_start
60: 0000000000600888 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT ABS _end
61: 0000000000600874 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT ABS _edata
62: 00000000004004c4 21 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 13 main
63: 0000000000400390 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 11 _init
Version symbols section '.gnu.version' contains 4 entries:
Addr: 000000000040031e Offset: 0x00031e Link: 5 (.dynsym)
000: 0 (*local*) 0 (*local*) 2 (GLIBC_2.2.5) 2 (GLIBC_2.2.5)
Version needs section '.gnu.version_r' contains 1 entries:
Addr: 0x0000000000400328 Offset: 0x000328 Link: 6 (.dynstr)
000000: Version: 1 File: libc.so.6 Cnt: 1
0x0010: Name: GLIBC_2.2.5 Flags: none Version: 2
Notes at offset 0x0000021c with length 0x00000020:
Owner Data size Description
GNU 0x00000010 NT_GNU_ABI_TAG (ABI version tag)
Notes at offset 0x0000023c with length 0x00000024:
Owner Data size Description
GNU 0x00000014 NT_GNU_BUILD_ID (unique build ID bitstring)$ cat readelf_d
Dynamic section at offset 0x6b0 contains 20 entries:
Tag Type Name/Value
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x400390
0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x4005b8
0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x400260
0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x4002e0
0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x400280
0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 61 (bytes)
0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000015 (DEBUG) 0x0
0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x600848
0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 48 (bytes)
0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x400360
0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x400348
0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x400328
0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 1
0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x40031e
0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0
$ cat readelf_e
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF64
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: EXEC (Executable file)
Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0x4003e0
Start of program headers: 64 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 2464 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x0
Size of this header: 64 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 56 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 8
Size of section headers: 64 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 30
Section header string table index: 27
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Address Offset
Size EntSize Flags Link Info Align
[ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
[ 1] .interp PROGBITS 0000000000400200 00000200
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1
[ 2] .note.ABI-tag NOTE 000000000040021c 0000021c
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE 000000000040023c 0000023c
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[ 4] .gnu.hash GNU_HASH 0000000000400260 00000260
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 5 0 8
[ 5] .dynsym DYNSYM 0000000000400280 00000280
0000000000000060 0000000000000018 A 6 1 8
[ 6] .dynstr STRTAB 00000000004002e0 000002e0
000000000000003d 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1
[ 7] .gnu.version VERSYM 000000000040031e 0000031e
0000000000000008 0000000000000002 A 5 0 2
[ 8] .gnu.version_r VERNEED 0000000000400328 00000328
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 6 1 8
[ 9] .rela.dyn RELA 0000000000400348 00000348
0000000000000018 0000000000000018 A 5 0 8
[10] .rela.plt RELA 0000000000400360 00000360
0000000000000030 0000000000000018 A 5 12 8
[11] .init PROGBITS 0000000000400390 00000390
0000000000000018 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[12] .plt PROGBITS 00000000004003a8 000003a8
0000000000000030 0000000000000010 AX 0 0 4
[13] .text PROGBITS 00000000004003e0 000003e0
00000000000001d8 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 16
[14] .fini PROGBITS 00000000004005b8 000005b8
000000000000000e 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[15] .rodata PROGBITS 00000000004005c8 000005c8
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[16] .eh_frame_hdr PROGBITS 00000000004005e4 000005e4
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4
[17] .eh_frame PROGBITS 0000000000400608 00000608
000000000000007c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[18] .ctors PROGBITS 0000000000600688 00000688
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[19] .dtors PROGBITS 0000000000600698 00000698
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[20] .jcr PROGBITS 00000000006006a8 000006a8
0000000000000008 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[21] .dynamic DYNAMIC 00000000006006b0 000006b0
0000000000000190 0000000000000010 WA 6 0 8
[22] .got PROGBITS 0000000000600840 00000840
0000000000000008 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8
[23] .got.plt PROGBITS 0000000000600848 00000848
0000000000000028 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8
[24] .data PROGBITS 0000000000600870 00000870
0000000000000004 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 4
[25] .bss NOBITS 0000000000600878 00000874
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8
[26] .comment PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000874
000000000000002d 0000000000000001 MS 0 0 1
[27] .shstrtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 000008a1
00000000000000fe 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[28] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 00001120
0000000000000600 0000000000000018 29 46 8
[29] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00001720
00000000000001f0 0000000000000000 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings)
I (info), L (link order), G (group), x (unknown)
O (extra OS processing required) o (OS specific), p (processor specific)
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
PHDR 0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000400040 0x0000000000400040
0x00000000000001c0 0x00000000000001c0 R E 8
INTERP 0x0000000000000200 0x0000000000400200 0x0000000000400200
0x000000000000001c 0x000000000000001c R 1
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000400000
0x0000000000000684 0x0000000000000684 R E 200000
LOAD 0x0000000000000688 0x0000000000600688 0x0000000000600688
0x00000000000001ec 0x0000000000000200 RW 200000
DYNAMIC 0x00000000000006b0 0x00000000006006b0 0x00000000006006b0
0x0000000000000190 0x0000000000000190 RW 8
NOTE 0x000000000000021c 0x000000000040021c 0x000000000040021c
0x0000000000000044 0x0000000000000044 R 4
GNU_EH_FRAME 0x00000000000005e4 0x00000000004005e4 0x00000000004005e4
0x0000000000000024 0x0000000000000024 R 4
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 8
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00
01 .interp
02 .interp .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame_hdr .eh_frame
03 .ctors .dtors .jcr .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss
04 .dynamic
05 .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id
06 .eh_frame_hdr
07 $ cat readelf_h
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF64
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: EXEC (Executable file)
Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0x4003e0
Start of program headers: 64 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 2464 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x0
Size of this header: 64 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 56 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 8
Size of section headers: 64 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 30
Section header string table index: 27
$ cat readelf_l
Elf file type is EXEC (Executable file)
Entry point 0x4003e0
There are 8 program headers, starting at offset 64
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
PHDR 0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000400040 0x0000000000400040
0x00000000000001c0 0x00000000000001c0 R E 8
INTERP 0x0000000000000200 0x0000000000400200 0x0000000000400200
0x000000000000001c 0x000000000000001c R 1
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000400000
0x0000000000000684 0x0000000000000684 R E 200000
LOAD 0x0000000000000688 0x0000000000600688 0x0000000000600688
0x00000000000001ec 0x0000000000000200 RW 200000
DYNAMIC 0x00000000000006b0 0x00000000006006b0 0x00000000006006b0
0x0000000000000190 0x0000000000000190 RW 8
NOTE 0x000000000000021c 0x000000000040021c 0x000000000040021c
0x0000000000000044 0x0000000000000044 R 4
GNU_EH_FRAME 0x00000000000005e4 0x00000000004005e4 0x00000000004005e4
0x0000000000000024 0x0000000000000024 R 4
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 8
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00
01 .interp
02 .interp .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame_hdr .eh_frame
03 .ctors .dtors .jcr .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss
04 .dynamic
05 .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id
06 .eh_frame_hdr
07 $ cat readelf_n
Notes at offset 0x0000021c with length 0x00000020:
Owner Data size Description
GNU 0x00000010 NT_GNU_ABI_TAG (ABI version tag)
Notes at offset 0x0000023c with length 0x00000024:
Owner Data size Description
GNU 0x00000014 NT_GNU_BUILD_ID (unique build ID bitstring)
$ cat readelf_r
Relocation section '.rela.dyn' at offset 0x348 contains 1 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000600840 000100000006 R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0000000000000000 __gmon_start__ + 0
Relocation section '.rela.plt' at offset 0x360 contains 2 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000600860 000200000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 puts + 0
000000600868 000300000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __libc_start_main + 0
$ cat readelf_t
There are 30 section headers, starting at offset 0x9a0:
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name
Type Address Offset Link
Size EntSize Info Align
Flags
[ 0]
NULL NULL 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0
[0000000000000000]:
[ 1] .interp
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000400200 0000000000000200 0
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 0 1
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 2] .note.ABI-tag
NOTE NOTE 000000000040021c 000000000000021c 0
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 0 4
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 3] .note.gnu.build-id
NOTE NOTE 000000000040023c 000000000000023c 0
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 0 4
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 4] .gnu.hash
GNU_HASH GNU_HASH 0000000000400260 0000000000000260 5
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 0 8
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 5] .dynsym
DYNSYM DYNSYM 0000000000400280 0000000000000280 6
0000000000000060 0000000000000018 1 8
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 6] .dynstr
STRTAB STRTAB 00000000004002e0 00000000000002e0 0
000000000000003d 0000000000000000 0 1
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 7] .gnu.version
VERSYM VERSYM 000000000040031e 000000000000031e 5
0000000000000008 0000000000000002 0 2
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 8] .gnu.version_r
VERNEED VERNEED 0000000000400328 0000000000000328 6
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 1 8
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[ 9] .rela.dyn
RELA RELA 0000000000400348 0000000000000348 5
0000000000000018 0000000000000018 0 8
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[10] .rela.plt
RELA RELA 0000000000400360 0000000000000360 5
0000000000000030 0000000000000018 12 8
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[11] .init
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000400390 0000000000000390 0
0000000000000018 0000000000000000 0 4
[0000000000000006]: ALLOC, EXEC
[12] .plt
PROGBITS PROGBITS 00000000004003a8 00000000000003a8 0
0000000000000030 0000000000000010 0 4
[0000000000000006]: ALLOC, EXEC
[13] .text
PROGBITS PROGBITS 00000000004003e0 00000000000003e0 0
00000000000001d8 0000000000000000 0 16
[0000000000000006]: ALLOC, EXEC
[14] .fini
PROGBITS PROGBITS 00000000004005b8 00000000000005b8 0
000000000000000e 0000000000000000 0 4
[0000000000000006]: ALLOC, EXEC
[15] .rodata
PROGBITS PROGBITS 00000000004005c8 00000000000005c8 0
000000000000001c 0000000000000000 0 8
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[16] .eh_frame_hdr
PROGBITS PROGBITS 00000000004005e4 00000000000005e4 0
0000000000000024 0000000000000000 0 4
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[17] .eh_frame
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000400608 0000000000000608 0
000000000000007c 0000000000000000 0 8
[0000000000000002]: ALLOC
[18] .ctors
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000600688 0000000000000688 0
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 0 8
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[19] .dtors
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000600698 0000000000000698 0
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 0 8
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[20] .jcr
PROGBITS PROGBITS 00000000006006a8 00000000000006a8 0
0000000000000008 0000000000000000 0 8
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[21] .dynamic
DYNAMIC DYNAMIC 00000000006006b0 00000000000006b0 6
0000000000000190 0000000000000010 0 8
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[22] .got
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000600840 0000000000000840 0
0000000000000008 0000000000000008 0 8
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[23] .got.plt
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000600848 0000000000000848 0
0000000000000028 0000000000000008 0 8
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[24] .data
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000600870 0000000000000870 0
0000000000000004 0000000000000000 0 4
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[25] .bss
NOBITS NOBITS 0000000000600878 0000000000000874 0
0000000000000010 0000000000000000 0 8
[0000000000000003]: WRITE, ALLOC
[26] .comment
PROGBITS PROGBITS 0000000000000000 0000000000000874 0
000000000000002d 0000000000000001 0 1
[0000000000000030]: MERGE, STRINGS
[27] .shstrtab
STRTAB STRTAB 0000000000000000 00000000000008a1 0
00000000000000fe 0000000000000000 0 1
[0000000000000000]:
[28] .symtab
SYMTAB SYMTAB 0000000000000000 0000000000001120 29
0000000000000600 0000000000000018 46 8
[0000000000000000]:
[29] .strtab
STRTAB STRTAB 0000000000000000 0000000000001720 0
00000000000001f0 0000000000000000 0 1
[0000000000000000]: $ cat readelf_w
Contents of the .eh_frame section:
00000000 00000014 00000000 CIE
Version: 1
Augmentation: "zR"
Code alignment factor: 1
Data alignment factor: -8
Return address column: 16
Augmentation data: 1b
DW_CFA_def_cfa: r7 (rsp) ofs 8
DW_CFA_offset: r16 (rip) at cfa-8
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
00000018 0000001c 0000001c FDE cie=00000000 pc=004004c4..004004d9
DW_CFA_advance_loc: 1 to 004004c5
DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset: 16
DW_CFA_offset: r6 (rbp) at cfa-16
DW_CFA_advance_loc: 3 to 004004c8
DW_CFA_def_cfa_register: r6 (rbp)
DW_CFA_advance_loc: 16 to 004004d8
DW_CFA_def_cfa: r7 (rsp) ofs 8
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
00000038 00000014 0000003c FDE cie=00000000 pc=004004e0..004004e2
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
00000050 00000024 00000054 FDE cie=00000000 pc=004004f0..00400579
DW_CFA_advance_loc: 17 to 00400501
DW_CFA_offset: r12 (r12) at cfa-40
DW_CFA_offset: r6 (rbp) at cfa-48
DW_CFA_advance_loc: 31 to 00400520
DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset: 64
DW_CFA_offset: r3 (rbx) at cfa-56
DW_CFA_offset: r15 (r15) at cfa-16
DW_CFA_offset: r14 (r14) at cfa-24
DW_CFA_offset: r13 (r13) at cfa-32
DW_CFA_advance_loc1: 88 to 00400578
DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset: 8
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
DW_CFA_nop
00000078 ZERO terminator