📘 Core Words Reference

This page documents all the built-in words available in the Mini Forth Console.
Each word is case-insensitive and operates on the global stack.
Words can be used in user-defined definitions.

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🔢 Arithmetic

Word	Description	Example
+	Adds top two numbers	2 3 + . → → 5 OK
-	Subtracts second from top	5 2 - . → → 3 OK
*	Multiplies top two numbers	4 3 * . → → 12 OK
/	Divides second by top	10 2 / . → → 5 OK

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🌀 Stack Manipulation

Word	Description	Example
dup	Duplicates top item	7 dup . . → → 7 7 OK
drop	Removes top item	1 2 drop . → → 1 OK
swap	Swaps top two items	1 2 swap . . → → 1 2 OK
over	Copies second item to top	1 2 over . . . → → 1 2 1 OK
clearstack	Empties the stack	1 2 3 clearstack .$ → → Stack is empty. OK

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🎯 Output

Word	Description	Example
.	Prints top item	42 . → → 42 OK
.$	Prints the full stack	1 2 3 .$ → → [2: 3] [1: 2] [0: 1] OK
cr	Adds a line break	cr → → OK
clr	Clears the console	clr → (no output)

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🧠 Variables & Memory

Word	Description	Example
variable	Creates a variable	variable x
@	Reads value from variable	x @ .
!	Writes value to variable	42 x !
array	Creates an array	array a
*@	Pushes all array items to stack	a *@ .$
*!	Sets array with entire stack	1 2 3 a *!

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🔁 Control Flow

Word	Description	Example
do ... loop	Loop with index from start to limit	0 5 do i . loop
for ... next	Loop from 0 to n-1	5 for i . next
i	Pushes current loop index	See above
leave	Exits a loop early	5 for i 2 = if leave then i . next
if ... else ... then	Conditional execution	3 4 > if "yes" else "no" then .

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🧱 Word Definitions

Word	Description	Example
:	Starts a new word definition	: square dup * ;
;	Ends word definition	See above
alias	Creates alias for a word	alias sqr square
see	Shows source of word	see square
edit	Loads definition into input	edit square
forget	Deletes a word or variable	forget square

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📋 Introspection

Word	Description	Example
words	Lists all known words	words
.v	Lists variables and values	.v

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💾 Persistence

Word	Description	Example
reset	Clears words, variables, stack	reset
save	Downloads current environment	save
load	Loads from file	load

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⚙️ Misc

Word	Description	Example
$	Captures output into stack	"3 4 +" $ . → → 7 OK
.*	Repeats block until stack is empty	1 2 3 .* . → → 3 2 1 OK
js	Executes JavaScript	"2+3" js . → → 5 OK

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Happy Forth-ing! 🤖