Post-test exams

1. What is the primary difference between a list and a tuple in Python ?

• A. Lists are immutable; tuples are mutable
• B. Lists are mutable; tuples are immutable
• C. Lists can contain different data types; tuples cannot
• D. Tuples consume more memory than lists

2. How can you handle exceptions in Python ?

• A. Using try and except blocks
• B. Using catch and finally blocks
• C. Using do and while blocks
• D. Using error and handle blocks

3. What is the difference between is and == in Python ?

• A. is compares values; == compares object identities
• B. is compares object identities; == compares values
• C. They are the same
• D. is is used for strings; == is used for numbers

4. What is the output of the following code ?

a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(a[::2])

• A. [1, 2]
• B. [2, 4]
• C. [1, 3]
• D. [1, 4]​

5. What is the purpose of the name variable in Python ?

• A. To define the name of a function
• B. To check if the script is being run directly or imported as a module
• C. To specify the name of the Python file
• D. To declare a global variable

6. What is the output of the following code?

print(bool('False'))

• A. True
• B. False
• C. None
• D. Error​

7. In Python, what is a lambda function ?

• A. A function with no name
• B. A function that returns multiple values
• C. A function that takes no arguments
• D. A function defined inside a class

8. How do you create a virtual environment in Python ?

• A. python -m venv env
• B. virtualenv env
• C. pip install virtualenv
• D. python create_env​

9. What is the purpose of the super() function in Python ?

• A. To call the constructor of the parent class
• B. To return the superclass of the object
• C. To determine the method resolution order
• D. To access private attributes of the parent class

10. In Python, what is the purpose of the with statement when opening a file ?

• A. To open a file and close it manually
• B. To open a file and automatically close it after the nested block of code
• C. To open multiple files simultaneously
• D. To handle file exceptions

11. What is normalization in database design ?

• A. The process of duplicating data across tables
• B. Organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve integrity
• C. Combining multiple tables into one
• D. Removing all indexes from the database

12. How can you prevent SQL injection when using Python to interact with a MySQL database ?

• A. By using string concatenation to build queries
• B. By using parameterized queries with placeholders
• C. By limiting user input length
• D. By encrypting the database

13. In database design, what does the term "denormalization" refer to ?

• A. The process of splitting a table into multiple tables
• B. The process of combining tables to improve read performance
• C. Removing all constraints from a table
• D. Converting a database to a flat-file structure

14. What is the role of an index in a database ?

• A. To enforce referential integrity
• B. To improve the speed of data retrieval operations
• C. To store backup copies of data
• D. To define relationships between tables

15. Which of the following is a benefit of using Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) in Python ?

• A. Direct execution of raw SQL queries
• B. Automatic translation between database tables and Python objects
• C. Improved performance over direct database connections
• D. Elimination of the need for database migrations

16. What is the purpose of input validation in REST APIs ?

• A. To ensure that the server responds quickly
• B. To verify that incoming data meets expected formats and constraints
• C. To authenticate users
• D. To optimize database queries

17. Which HTTP status code indicates that the client must authenticate itself to get the requested response ?

• A. 401 Unauthorized
• B. 403 Forbidden
• C. 404 Not Found
• D. 400 Bad Request

18. In RESTful design, what does it mean for an operation to be idempotent ?

• A. The operation can be performed only once
• B. The operation has the same result regardless of how many times it is performed
• C. The operation cannot be undone
• D. The operation requires authentication​

19. In RESTful API design, what is the recommended way to handle long-running operations ?

• A. Use synchronous processing
• B. Return a 202 Accepted status with a link to check the status
• C. Increase the server timeout
• D. Use multiple threads

20. Which of the following is a common tool for testing RESTful APIs ?

• A. Selenium
• B. Postman
• C. Jenkins
• D. Docker