AI Hierarchy - tech9tel/ai GitHub Wiki

🧠 AI ML DL Relationship Venn Diagram

[!NOTE]

• AI is the broadest field, about making machines smart.
• ML is subset of AI, it is popular and powerful where machines learn from data. ML is not the only way to build AI systems (e.g., expert systems).
• DL is a subset of ML, using neural networks for complex patterns. There's no Deep Learning(DL) outside of Machine Learning.

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🔹 Core Subfields of AI

🧠 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
> The science of creating systems that can perform tasks requiring human or natural intelligence.
├── 📜 Rule-Based AI  
│   > Uses fixed "if-then" rules written by humans (e.g., expert systems)  
│
├── 🧩 Symbolic AI  
│   > Uses logic, symbols, and knowledge graphs for reasoning  
│
├── 🤖 Machine Learning (ML)  
│   > Learns patterns from data to make predictions or decisions  
│
│   ├── 🧮 Supervised Learning  
│   ├── 🔍 Unsupervised Learning  
│   ├── 🎯 Reinforcement Learning  
│   │   > Learns by trial and error (reward/punishment)  
│   └── 🔁 Semi-Supervised / Self-Supervised Learning  
│
├── 🧠 Deep Learning (DL) *(subset of ML)*  
│   > Neural networks that handle complex tasks like vision, speech, and language  
│
│   ├── 🖼️ Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) – Vision  
│   ├── 🔁 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) – Time Series, Speech  
│   ├── 🔡 Transformers – NLP, Vision, GAI  
│   ├── 🎨 Generative AI (GAI)  
│   │   > Creates new content like text, images, music, or code based on learned patterns  
│   │
│   │   ├── 🧠 Transformer-based Models  
│   │   │   ├── GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer)  
│   │   │   ├── BERT variants  
│   │   │   └── LLaMA, PaLM, Claude, Gemini, etc.  
│   │   │
│   │   ├── 🎨 Image & Video Generation  
│   │   │   ├── GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks)  
│   │   │   ├── VAEs (Variational Autoencoders)  
│   │   │   ├── Diffusion Models (e.g., DALL·E, Stable Diffusion)  
│   │   │   └── NeRFs (3D rendering)  
│   │   │
│   │   ├── 🗣️ Speech & Audio Generation  
│   │   │   ├── WaveNet  
│   │   │   ├── Jukebox  
│   │   │   └── Tacotron (TTS)  
│   │   │
│   │   ├── 🤖 Code Generation  
│   │   │   ├── Codex (GitHub Copilot)  
│   │   │   └── AlphaCode  
│   │   │
│   │   └── 🧭 Intelligent Tools  
│   │       > Interface-focused assistants using GAI capabilities  
│   │
│   │       ├── ✈️ AI Co-pilots  
│   │       │   > Assist humans in tools (e.g., GitHub Copilot, MS 365 Copilot)  
│   │       │
│   │       └── 🧠 AI Agents  
│   │           > Autonomously perform tasks using memory, planning, reasoning (e.g., Auto-GPT, BabyAGI)  
│
│   └── 🧠 Other DL Architectures  
│       > e.g., Graph Neural Networks, Capsule Networks  
│
├── 🌿 Evolutionary Algorithms  
│   > Optimization inspired by natural evolution (e.g., genetic algorithms)  
│
├── 🔗 Hybrid AI  
│   > Combines symbolic + ML/DL for complex reasoning  
│
├── 🧠 Cognitive Computing  
│   > Mimics human thought processes (e.g., IBM Watson)  
│
├── 🐝 Swarm Intelligence  
│   > Inspired by collective insect behavior  
│
│   ├── 🌀 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)  
│   └── 🐜 Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)  
│
└── 🌍 Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)  
    > Hypothetical AI with human-like general intelligence and adaptability