Court - sustany/dvg GitHub Wiki

A court is any official�tribunal�presided over by one or several�judges�in which legal issues and claims are heard and determined. The U.S. system is composed of�federal courts�and�state courts.�Article III, Section I of the U.S. Constitution�establishes the U.S.�Supreme Court�as the highest court of the land. The Supreme Court has�appellate jurisdiction�over almost any case involving a constitutional or federal issue. The Supreme Court also has�original jurisdiction�over cases between two or more states and involving ambassadors and other public ministers.

Article III of the U.S. Constitution�gives federal courts�original jurisdiction�over nine types of cases and controversies: all cases involving federal statutes or the constitutional (also known as federal question jurisdiction), actions between citizens of different states (also known as diversity jurisdiction), and other types of cases such as�admiralty�cases and cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls.�

Additionally, special federal courts for�tax�and�bankruptcy�also exist. Within each district, federal courts are divided between�district courts,�bankruptcy courts, and�courts of appeals. There is at least one district court in each state and a U.S. bankruptcy court as a unit of one district court in each district.

States have jurisdiction over all other cases. Each state usually has trial courts and superior courts. Some states have specialty courts for topics like�family,�housing, and�domestic relations.