1.what is a subnet mask and why do we need it?

• A subnet mask is a 32-bit number that splits an IP address into two parts: a network portion and a host (device) portion It works like a filter to show which part of the address points to the network and which part points to your computer.

• Breaking a big network into smaller pieces cuts down on unnecessary broadcast traffic and improves speed.

• Isolating sections of a network keeps sensitive areas separate and harder for outsiders to reach.

• administrators find it much easier to organize and troubleshoot smaller groups of devices.

1.what is MXToolbox calculator ?

• IT is a free online networking tool that calculates IP address ranges and network details using Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation.

According to our requirement select all details and find it .

CIDR stands for a flexible method for allocating IP addresses and routing data packets efficiently.