ODROID C2 - ssvb/tinymembench GitHub Wiki
64-bit tinymembench build:
tinymembench v0.4.9 (simple benchmark for memory throughput and latency) ========================================================================== == Memory bandwidth tests == == == == Note 1: 1MB = 1000000 bytes == == Note 2: Results for 'copy' tests show how many bytes can be == == copied per second (adding together read and writen == == bytes would have provided twice higher numbers) == == Note 3: 2-pass copy means that we are using a small temporary buffer == == to first fetch data into it, and only then write it to the == == destination (source -> L1 cache, L1 cache -> destination) == == Note 4: If sample standard deviation exceeds 0.1%, it is shown in == == brackets == ========================================================================== C copy backwards : 1677.6 MB/s (0.4%) C copy backwards (32 byte blocks) : 1678.6 MB/s (1.2%) C copy backwards (64 byte blocks) : 1663.4 MB/s (1.1%) C copy : 1752.2 MB/s (0.5%) C copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1237.9 MB/s C copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1420.2 MB/s C 2-pass copy : 1514.5 MB/s C 2-pass copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1098.7 MB/s C 2-pass copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 933.2 MB/s C fill : 3731.0 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 16 byte blocks) : 3730.9 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 32 byte blocks) : 3730.3 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 64 byte blocks) : 3731.0 MB/s --- standard memcpy : 1761.4 MB/s (0.3%) standard memset : 3732.1 MB/s --- NEON LDP/STP copy : 1742.8 MB/s NEON LD1/ST1 copy : 1755.1 MB/s (0.2%) NEON STP fill : 3731.1 MB/s NEON STNP fill : 2644.9 MB/s (0.2%) ARM LDP/STP copy : 1754.3 MB/s (0.4%) ARM STP fill : 3732.2 MB/s ARM STNP fill : 2638.0 MB/s ========================================================================== == Framebuffer read tests. == == == == Many ARM devices use a part of the system memory as the framebuffer, == == typically mapped as uncached but with write-combining enabled. == == Writes to such framebuffers are quite fast, but reads are much == == slower and very sensitive to the alignment and the selection of == == CPU instructions which are used for accessing memory. == == == == Many x86 systems allocate the framebuffer in the GPU memory, == == accessible for the CPU via a relatively slow PCI-E bus. Moreover, == == PCI-E is asymmetric and handles reads a lot worse than writes. == == == == If uncached framebuffer reads are reasonably fast (at least 100 MB/s == == or preferably >300 MB/s), then using the shadow framebuffer layer == == is not necessary in Xorg DDX drivers, resulting in a nice overall == == performance improvement. For example, the xf86-video-fbturbo DDX == == uses this trick. == ========================================================================== NEON LDP/STP copy (from framebuffer) : 212.6 MB/s NEON LDP/STP 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 206.4 MB/s NEON LD1/ST1 copy (from framebuffer) : 58.0 MB/s NEON LD1/ST1 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 57.4 MB/s ARM LDP/STP copy (from framebuffer) : 111.5 MB/s ARM LDP/STP 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 109.7 MB/s ========================================================================== == Memory latency test == == == == Average time is measured for random memory accesses in the buffers == == of different sizes. The larger is the buffer, the more significant == == are relative contributions of TLB, L1/L2 cache misses and SDRAM == == accesses. For extremely large buffer sizes we are expecting to see == == page table walk with several requests to SDRAM for almost every == == memory access (though 64MiB is not nearly large enough to experience == == this effect to its fullest). == == == == Note 1: All the numbers are representing extra time, which needs to == == be added to L1 cache latency. The cycle timings for L1 cache == == latency can be usually found in the processor documentation. == == Note 2: Dual random read means that we are simultaneously performing == == two independent memory accesses at a time. In the case if == == the memory subsystem can't handle multiple outstanding == == requests, dual random read has the same timings as two == == single reads performed one after another. == ========================================================================== block size : single random read / dual random read 1024 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 2048 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 4096 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 8192 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 16384 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 32768 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 65536 : 4.4 ns / 7.5 ns 131072 : 6.8 ns / 10.4 ns 262144 : 8.0 ns / 11.5 ns 524288 : 12.0 ns / 17.6 ns 1048576 : 77.0 ns / 116.2 ns 2097152 : 107.6 ns / 146.2 ns 4194304 : 128.9 ns / 164.0 ns 8388608 : 140.2 ns / 172.4 ns 16777216 : 147.0 ns / 178.0 ns 33554432 : 151.2 ns / 181.7 ns 67108864 : 153.6 ns / 184.0 ns
32-bit tinymembench build:
tinymembench v0.4.9 (simple benchmark for memory throughput and latency) ========================================================================== == Memory bandwidth tests == == == == Note 1: 1MB = 1000000 bytes == == Note 2: Results for 'copy' tests show how many bytes can be == == copied per second (adding together read and writen == == bytes would have provided twice higher numbers) == == Note 3: 2-pass copy means that we are using a small temporary buffer == == to first fetch data into it, and only then write it to the == == destination (source -> L1 cache, L1 cache -> destination) == == Note 4: If sample standard deviation exceeds 0.1%, it is shown in == == brackets == ========================================================================== C copy backwards : 1653.1 MB/s (0.7%) C copy backwards (32 byte blocks) : 1658.7 MB/s (0.9%) C copy backwards (64 byte blocks) : 1668.0 MB/s (0.4%) C copy : 1664.2 MB/s (0.8%) C copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1791.4 MB/s (0.3%) C copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1792.8 MB/s (1.0%) C 2-pass copy : 1261.6 MB/s C 2-pass copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1415.6 MB/s (0.1%) C 2-pass copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1398.2 MB/s C fill : 3587.8 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 16 byte blocks) : 3588.6 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 32 byte blocks) : 3586.9 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 64 byte blocks) : 3585.3 MB/s --- standard memcpy : 1635.9 MB/s (0.2%) standard memset : 3578.2 MB/s --- NEON read : 1827.5 MB/s NEON read prefetched (32 bytes step) : 3367.6 MB/s (0.2%) NEON read prefetched (64 bytes step) : 3364.0 MB/s NEON read 2 data streams : 1723.5 MB/s NEON read 2 data streams prefetched (32 bytes step) : 3277.6 MB/s (0.2%) NEON read 2 data streams prefetched (64 bytes step) : 3299.0 MB/s (0.5%) NEON copy : 1669.5 MB/s (0.2%) NEON copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1845.7 MB/s (0.5%) NEON copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1850.5 MB/s NEON unrolled copy : 1662.6 MB/s (0.2%) NEON unrolled copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 2173.7 MB/s NEON unrolled copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 2186.9 MB/s NEON copy backwards : 1667.4 MB/s NEON copy backwards prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1803.6 MB/s (0.3%) NEON copy backwards prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1789.2 MB/s NEON 2-pass copy : 1450.4 MB/s NEON 2-pass copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1567.9 MB/s NEON 2-pass copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1569.0 MB/s NEON unrolled 2-pass copy : 1361.5 MB/s NEON unrolled 2-pass copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1623.3 MB/s NEON unrolled 2-pass copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1745.2 MB/s NEON fill : 3715.5 MB/s (0.7%) NEON fill backwards : 3716.0 MB/s (0.2%) VFP copy : 1669.4 MB/s (0.4%) VFP 2-pass copy : 1384.7 MB/s ARM fill (STRD) : 3685.7 MB/s ARM fill (STM with 8 registers) : 3714.4 MB/s (0.2%) ARM fill (STM with 4 registers) : 3707.9 MB/s (0.2%) ARM copy prefetched (incr pld) : 1783.3 MB/s ARM copy prefetched (wrap pld) : 1772.7 MB/s ARM 2-pass copy prefetched (incr pld) : 1424.0 MB/s ARM 2-pass copy prefetched (wrap pld) : 1418.1 MB/s ========================================================================== == Framebuffer read tests. == == == == Many ARM devices use a part of the system memory as the framebuffer, == == typically mapped as uncached but with write-combining enabled. == == Writes to such framebuffers are quite fast, but reads are much == == slower and very sensitive to the alignment and the selection of == == CPU instructions which are used for accessing memory. == == == == Many x86 systems allocate the framebuffer in the GPU memory, == == accessible for the CPU via a relatively slow PCI-E bus. Moreover, == == PCI-E is asymmetric and handles reads a lot worse than writes. == == == == If uncached framebuffer reads are reasonably fast (at least 100 MB/s == == or preferably >300 MB/s), then using the shadow framebuffer layer == == is not necessary in Xorg DDX drivers, resulting in a nice overall == == performance improvement. For example, the xf86-video-fbturbo DDX == == uses this trick. == ========================================================================== NEON read (from framebuffer) : 57.0 MB/s NEON copy (from framebuffer) : 56.3 MB/s NEON 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 56.1 MB/s NEON unrolled copy (from framebuffer) : 56.3 MB/s NEON 2-pass unrolled copy (from framebuffer) : 55.6 MB/s VFP copy (from framebuffer) : 402.8 MB/s VFP 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 370.5 MB/s (0.2%) ARM copy (from framebuffer) : 207.5 MB/s ARM 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 200.8 MB/s ========================================================================== == Memory latency test == == == == Average time is measured for random memory accesses in the buffers == == of different sizes. The larger is the buffer, the more significant == == are relative contributions of TLB, L1/L2 cache misses and SDRAM == == accesses. For extremely large buffer sizes we are expecting to see == == page table walk with several requests to SDRAM for almost every == == memory access (though 64MiB is not nearly large enough to experience == == this effect to its fullest). == == == == Note 1: All the numbers are representing extra time, which needs to == == be added to L1 cache latency. The cycle timings for L1 cache == == latency can be usually found in the processor documentation. == == Note 2: Dual random read means that we are simultaneously performing == == two independent memory accesses at a time. In the case if == == the memory subsystem can't handle multiple outstanding == == requests, dual random read has the same timings as two == == single reads performed one after another. == ========================================================================== block size : single random read / dual random read 1024 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 2048 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 4096 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 8192 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 16384 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 32768 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 65536 : 4.4 ns / 7.4 ns 131072 : 6.8 ns / 10.3 ns 262144 : 8.1 ns / 11.6 ns 524288 : 18.1 ns / 29.8 ns 1048576 : 76.2 ns / 115.3 ns 2097152 : 109.2 ns / 146.5 ns 4194304 : 131.5 ns / 163.7 ns 8388608 : 143.6 ns / 172.0 ns 16777216 : 151.9 ns / 177.1 ns 33554432 : 156.9 ns / 180.7 ns 67108864 : 159.8 ns / 184.0 ns