Data analysts work with six basic problem types:

1. Making predictions
2. Categorizing things
3. Spotting something unusual
4. Identifying themes
5. Discovering connections
6. Finding patterns.

Question. The finding patterns problem type could involve which of the following actions?

• Collaborating with a supplier to discover that bad weather is the most common reason for late deliveries
• Reviewing social media reviews to identify common phrases, categorize them, and group each category into a broader theme
• Reviewing sales data and noticing that a random Tuesday in August had the highest sales last year
• Using historical data to create a report that shows when batteries have been replaced on critical equipment

Correct. The finding patterns problem type could involve using historical data to create a report that shows when batteries on critical equipment have been replaced. Historical patterns can be used to help implement proper maintenance to prevent battery failures in the future.

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Six problem types

Data analytics is so much more than just plugging information into a platform to find insights. It is about solving problems. And when getting to the root of these problems and finding practical solutions, there are lots of opportunities for creative thinking. No matter the problem, the first and most important step is understanding it. From there, it is good to take a problem-solver approach to your analysis to help you decide what information needs to be included, how you can transform the data, and how the data will be used.

Data analysts typically work with six problem types

Making predictions

A company that wants to know the best advertising method to bring in new customers is an example of a problem requiring analysts to make predictions. Analysts with data on location, type of media, and number of new customers acquired as a result of past ads can't guarantee future results, but they can help predict the best placement of advertising to reach the target audience.

Categorizing things

An example of a problem requiring analysts to categorize things is a company's goal to improve customer satisfaction. Analysts might classify customer service calls based on certain keywords or scores. This could help identify top-performing customer service representatives or help correlate certain actions taken with higher customer satisfaction scores.

Spotting something unusual

A company that sells smart watches that help people monitor their health would be interested in designing their software to spot something unusual. Analysts who have analyzed aggregated health data can help product developers determine the right algorithms to spot and set off alarms when certain data doesn't trend normally.

Identifying themes

User experience (UX) designers might rely on analysts to analyze user interaction data. Similar to problems that require analysts to categorize things, usability improvement projects might require analysts to identify themes to help prioritize the right product features for improvement. Themes are most often used to help researchers explore certain aspects of data. In a user study, user beliefs, practices, and needs are examples of themes.

By now you might be wondering if there is a difference between categorizing things and identifying themes. The best way to think about it is this: 'Categorizing things' involves assigning items to categories. 'Identifying themes' takes those categories a step further by grouping them into broader themes.

Discovering connections

A third-party logistics company working with another company to get shipments delivered to customers on time is a problem requiring analysts to discover connections. By analyzing the wait times at shipping hubs, analysts can determine the appropriate schedule changes to increase the number of on-time deliveries.

Finding patterns

Minimizing downtime caused by machine failure is an example of a problem requiring analysts to find patterns in data. For example, by analyzing maintenance data, they might discover that most failures happen if regular maintenance is delayed by more than a 15-day window.

Key takeaway

As you move through this program, you will develop a sharper eye for problems and you will practice thinking through the problem types when you begin your analysis. This method of problem solving will help you figure out solutions that meet the needs of all stakeholders.

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Test your knowledge on solving problems with data

TOTAL POINTS 3

Question 1

A data analyst identifies and classifies keywords from customer reviews to improve customer satisfaction. This is an example of which problem type?

• Finding patterns
• Categorizing things
• Making predictions
• Spotting something unusual

Correct. A data analyst identifying and classifying keywords from customer reviews to improve customer satisfaction is an example of categorizing things.

Question 2

The spotting something unusual problem type could involve which of the following scenarios?

• A data insight helps a landscaping company envision what will happen in the future
• A data analyst at an arts nonprofit classifies similar data points into groups for further analysis.
• A data analyst at a clothing retailer creates a list of common topics, categorizes them, and groups each category into a broader subject area for further analysis.
• A data analyst working for an agricultural company examines why a dataset has a surprising and rare data point.

Correct. The problem type of spotting something unusual could involve a data analyst examining why a dataset has a surprising and rare data point. Spotting something unusual deals with identifying and analyzing something out of the ordinary.

Question 3

A data analyst at an online retailer works with historical sales data. The analyst identifies repeating trends in the sales data. This is an example of which problem type?

• Identifying themes
• Categorizing things
• Finding patterns
• Making predictions

Correct. This is an example of finding patterns. Finding patterns deals with identifying trends in a data set.