| Abduction |
The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body |
Muscles that abduct: Deltoid, Trapezius, Serratus Anterior. Kicking a ball makes the leg abduct |
| Adduction |
The movement of a limb towards the midline of the body |
Muscles that adduct: Pectoralis Mayor, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, Coracobrachialis, Triceps Brachii. When going down to squat, the legs adducts. |
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| Origin/ Insertion |
The start and end point of a muscle. When a muscles flexes the insertion moves to the origin. (Oftentimes muscles have many origin and insertion points) |
The Biceps has its origin on the Scapula🦴 and inserts into the Radius🦴 |
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| Anterior |
Direction towards the front of the body |
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| Posterior |
Direction towards the back of the body |
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| Flexion |
Decreases angle between bones (bending of the joint) |
When touching ones head, the Biceps is flexed |
| Extension |
Increases angle between bones (straightens joint, bending of the joint) |
When shaking someones hand the Biceps is extended |
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| External Rotation |
The rotation of a joint towards the midline of the body |
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| Internal Rotation |
The rotation of a joint towards the midline of the body |
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| Tuberosity |
A large prominence on a bone usually serving for the attachment of muscles or ligaments |
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| Ligaments |
Short bands of tough, flexible tissue, made up of lots of fibres, which connect the bones together. Provides a passive limit to the amount of movement between bones. |
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| Process |
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| Disc |
Spongy cushions that separate the vertebrae |
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| Tissue |
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| Bone Tissue |
The inside of a bone. Different bones have different structures like for example the honeycomb structure which is like bone armor |
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