CohMetrix Model 1e Variable Importance - shmercer/writeAlizer GitHub Wiki
Relative Importance of Each Metric
Coh-Metrix Model 1e
This model used Coh-Metrix scores from 7 min narrative writing samples ("I once had a magic pencil and ...") from 131 students in the winter of Grades 2-5 (Mercer et al., 2019) to predict holistic writing quality on the samples (elo ratings calculated from paired comparisons).
Principal component scores were generated during data pre-processing (see section on Scoring Model Development for more details).
Mercer, S. H., Keller-Margulis, M. A., Faith, E. L., Reid, E. K., & Ochs, S. (2019). The potential for automated text evaluation to improve the technical adequacy of written expression curriculum-based measurement. Learning Disability Quarterly, 42, 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731948718803296
Algorithm Weightings in Ensemble
Abbreviations:
- all = ensemble model
- gbm = stochastic gradient boosted trees
- pls = partial least squares regression
- svm = support vector machines
- enet = elastic net regression
- rf = random forest regression
- mars = bagged multivariate adaptive regression splines
- cube = cubist regression
The table below presents the linear weightings of each algorithm for the ensemble model.
| Intercept | gbm | pls | svm | enet | rf | mars | cube |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -10.9566 | 0.338 | 0.385 | 0.5608 | -0.2444 | 0.0443 | 0.0047 | -0.0256 |
Metric Importance in Each Algorithm and Ensemble
Each column sums to 100 (so values can be interpreted as % contribution to the model).
PC1 = scores on 1st principal component extracted, ...
Note: Importance is unavailable for support vector machines when PCA-based pre-processing is used (so all values for svm are 0).
| Metric | all | gbm | pls | svm | enet | rf | mars | cube |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PC1 | 15.14 | 27.79 | 9.8 | 0 | 4.09 | 18.64 | 24.42 | 21.1 |
| PC4 | 9.3 | 10.16 | 11.41 | 0 | 4.87 | 7.73 | 13.26 | 10.85 |
| PC7 | 8.4 | 8.15 | 9.97 | 0 | 6.48 | 6.21 | 19.43 | 10.26 |
| PC11 | 6.67 | 7.23 | 6.54 | 0 | 5.69 | 5.83 | 11.19 | 10.26 |
| PC9 | 6.08 | 3.67 | 9.2 | 0 | 6.76 | 2 | 1.16 | 1.97 |
| PC10 | 5.49 | 3.61 | 7.03 | 0 | 5.42 | 3.37 | 8.76 | 9.47 |
| PC28 | 4.63 | 2.51 | 3.16 | 0 | 9.22 | 3.54 | 0 | 10.26 |
| PC16 | 3.93 | 2.03 | 4.15 | 0 | 5.33 | 2.65 | 0 | 10.26 |
| PC12 | 3.92 | 2.11 | 4.88 | 0 | 4.59 | 1.8 | 0 | 8.88 |
| PC33 | 3.09 | 2.27 | 1.71 | 0 | 7.03 | 2.57 | 0 | 1.97 |
| PC17 | 2.46 | 1.81 | 2.53 | 0 | 3.42 | 2.91 | 0 | 0.59 |
| PC31 | 2.32 | 2.4 | 1.32 | 0 | 4.7 | 1.59 | 0 | 0 |
| PC20 | 2.3 | 4.01 | 1.31 | 0 | 1.99 | 2.63 | 0 | 0 |
| PC18 | 2.29 | 1.13 | 2.55 | 0 | 3.68 | 2.3 | 16.31 | 0.59 |
| PC14 | 2.21 | 2.99 | 1.75 | 0 | 1.83 | 3.19 | 0 | 0.79 |
| PC22 | 2.1 | 0.93 | 2.13 | 0 | 3.83 | 2.78 | 0 | 0 |
| PC25 | 2.05 | 0.96 | 2.05 | 0 | 4.55 | 0 | 0 | 1.38 |
| PC19 | 2.02 | 1.4 | 2.05 | 0 | 2.95 | 2.31 | 0 | 0.99 |
| PC6 | 1.88 | 2.76 | 1.76 | 0 | 0.89 | 2.87 | 0 | 0 |
| PC3 | 1.79 | 0.55 | 3.72 | 0 | 0.94 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| PC2 | 1.49 | 0.77 | 2.52 | 0 | 0.49 | 2.87 | 0.24 | 0 |
| PC15 | 1.38 | 0 | 2.17 | 0 | 2.43 | 0.98 | 0 | 0 |
| PC8 | 1.38 | 1.43 | 1.51 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.69 | 0 | 0 |
| PC13 | 1.31 | 1.74 | 1.23 | 0 | 1.17 | 1.25 | 0 | 0 |
| PC26 | 1.13 | 1.03 | 0.71 | 0 | 1.66 | 2.56 | 0 | 0 |
| PC32 | 1.03 | 2.12 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.73 | 2.06 | 0 | 0 |
| PC29 | 0.93 | 0.43 | 0.75 | 0 | 2.25 | 0.69 | 0 | 0 |
| PC34 | 0.68 | 1.1 | 0.12 | 0 | 0.53 | 2.38 | 0 | 0 |
| PC21 | 0.58 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0 | 0.59 | 1.47 | 5.24 | 0.39 |
| PC5 | 0.5 | 0.16 | 0.73 | 0 | 0.16 | 1.73 | 0 | 0 |
| PC27 | 0.44 | 0.88 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.95 | 0 | 0 |
| PC23 | 0.37 | 0.46 | 0.17 | 0 | 0.16 | 1.67 | 0 | 0 |
| PC24 | 0.36 | 0.15 | 0.28 | 0 | 0.43 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 |
| PC30 | 0.36 | 0.82 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.41 | 0 | 0 |
Proportion of Variance by Varimax Rotated Component (RC)
Due to space limitations, loadings for only the first ten principal components are displayed. The full PCA results are available here
| Variable | RC1 | RC3 | RC2 | RC4 | RC5 | RC6 | RC7 | RC10 | RC9 | RC8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SS loadings | 17.16 | 14.47 | 6.31 | 5.42 | 5.10 | 5.09 | 4.07 | 3.84 | 3.40 | 3.20 |
| Proportion Var | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Cumulative Var | 0.18 | 0.33 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.55 | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.67 | 0.70 |
| Proportion Explained | 0.25 | 0.21 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Cumulative Proportion | 0.25 | 0.46 | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.71 | 0.79 | 0.85 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 1.00 |
Varimax Rotated Loadings
Detailed information on Coh-Metrix abbreviations and indices is available here.
| Metric | RC1 | RC3 | RC2 | RC4 | RC5 | RC6 | RC7 | RC10 | RC9 | RC8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DESSC | 0.86 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.05 | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.18 | 0.11 |
| DESWC | 0.18 | 0.16 | -0.09 | 0.21 | 0.05 | -0.09 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.63 | 0.38 |
| DESPL | 0.86 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.05 | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.18 | 0.11 |
| DESSL | -0.81 | -0.25 | -0.04 | 0.15 | 0 | -0.07 | 0.1 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.01 |
| DESSLd | -0.04 | 0.46 | -0.08 | 0.14 | 0.1 | -0.15 | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.01 | 0.51 |
| DESWLsy | 0.14 | 0.21 | 0.02 | -0.1 | -0.16 | 0.84 | -0.05 | -0.06 | -0.06 | -0.05 |
| DESWLsyd | 0.13 | 0.17 | -0.07 | -0.04 | -0.14 | 0.79 | -0.08 | 0.03 | -0.14 | -0.04 |
| DESWLlt | 0.22 | 0.12 | 0.21 | -0.04 | -0.01 | 0.83 | -0.1 | 0.02 | 0.02 | -0.05 |
| DESWLltd | 0.18 | 0.13 | -0.05 | -0.07 | -0.17 | 0.67 | -0.11 | 0.11 | -0.13 | -0.09 |
| PCNARz | 0.33 | 0.64 | -0.37 | 0.18 | 0 | -0.25 | 0.34 | 0.28 | -0.03 | 0.05 |
| PCNARp | 0.42 | 0.53 | -0.34 | 0.22 | -0.04 | -0.17 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0 | 0.04 |
| PCSYNz | 0.9 | -0.07 | 0.06 | -0.01 | 0.11 | 0.14 | -0.05 | -0.09 | -0.14 | -0.18 |
| PCSYNp | 0.85 | -0.16 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.08 | 0.17 | -0.04 | -0.07 | 0.01 | -0.15 |
| PCCNCz | -0.56 | -0.3 | 0.65 | -0.14 | 0.17 | -0.11 | -0.1 | 0.03 | -0.04 | -0.19 |
| PCCNCp | -0.42 | -0.11 | 0.69 | 0.05 | 0.09 | -0.03 | -0.06 | 0.13 | 0.09 | -0.16 |
| PCREFz | -0.36 | 0.73 | -0.06 | -0.07 | -0.02 | -0.19 | -0.04 | 0.08 | 0.16 | -0.46 |
| PCREFp | -0.42 | 0.45 | -0.14 | -0.17 | -0.08 | -0.26 | 0 | 0.07 | 0.18 | -0.46 |
| PCDCz | 0.14 | 0.24 | -0.15 | 0.86 | 0.18 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.06 |
| PCDCp | 0.19 | 0.2 | -0.14 | 0.82 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.09 | -0.01 | 0.09 | 0.03 |
| PCVERBz | -0.56 | -0.65 | -0.12 | 0.01 | -0.04 | -0.12 | -0.39 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0 |
| PCVERBp | -0.33 | -0.56 | -0.15 | 0.09 | 0.05 | -0.14 | -0.51 | 0.17 | -0.07 | 0.13 |
| PCCONNz | 0.05 | -0.04 | -0.1 | 0.13 | -0.93 | 0.06 | -0.11 | -0.02 | 0.07 | -0.03 |
| PCCONNp | 0.04 | -0.03 | -0.02 | -0.08 | -0.75 | 0 | -0.13 | -0.09 | -0.13 | -0.04 |
| PCTEMPz | 0.68 | 0.62 | -0.03 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.11 | -0.07 | 0.25 |
| PCTEMPp | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.21 | -0.11 | 0.17 |
| CRFNO1 | -0.11 | 0.73 | 0.26 | 0.11 | -0.01 | 0.12 | -0.16 | -0.08 | 0.1 | 0.08 |
| CRFAO1 | 0.33 | 0.86 | -0.07 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 0.09 | -0.03 | -0.04 |
| CRFSO1 | -0.1 | 0.77 | 0.27 | 0.09 | -0.03 | 0.16 | -0.1 | -0.12 | 0.12 | 0.14 |
| CRFNOa | -0.16 | 0.77 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.07 | -0.12 | -0.07 | 0.13 | 0.12 |
| CRFAOa | 0.31 | 0.88 | -0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.1 | -0.06 | -0.01 |
| CRFSOa | -0.14 | 0.78 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.13 | -0.1 | -0.11 | 0.11 | 0.14 |
| CRFCWO1 | 0.24 | 0.86 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.05 | -0.05 | 0.08 | 0 | -0.19 |
| CRFCWO1d | 0.8 | 0.14 | -0.04 | 0.01 | -0.06 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.03 |
| CRFCWOa | 0.21 | 0.89 | -0.14 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | -0.02 | 0.09 | -0.01 | -0.16 |
| CRFCWOad | 0.82 | 0.2 | -0.03 | -0.02 | -0.07 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.13 |
| CRFANP1 | 0.47 | 0.66 | -0.19 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.18 | -0.04 | -0.07 |
| CRFANPa | 0.28 | 0.71 | -0.21 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.18 | -0.16 | -0.07 |
| LSASS1 | 0.22 | 0.83 | 0.09 | 0 | -0.01 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.03 |
| LSASS1d | 0.71 | 0.21 | 0.01 | -0.04 | -0.09 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.26 | 0.14 |
| LSASSp | 0.17 | 0.87 | 0.06 | -0.01 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.17 | 0.02 |
| LSASSpd | 0.72 | 0.28 | 0.04 | -0.08 | -0.09 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.32 | 0.1 |
| LSAGN | 0.75 | 0.52 | 0.02 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.28 | 0.06 |
| LSAGNd | 0.48 | 0.78 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.14 |
| LDTTRc | -0.07 | -0.35 | 0.08 | -0.11 | -0.11 | 0.09 | 0.1 | 0.03 | -0.74 | 0.19 |
| LDTTRa | 0.05 | -0.3 | 0.3 | -0.02 | -0.14 | 0.4 | 0.06 | -0.1 | -0.66 | 0.04 |
| LDMTLD | 0.24 | -0.14 | 0.17 | 0.28 | -0.11 | 0.51 | 0.27 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.41 |
| CNCAll | -0.12 | 0.07 | -0.06 | 0.32 | 0.86 | -0.16 | 0.08 | -0.15 | 0.02 | -0.07 |
| CNCCaus | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.84 | -0.1 | -0.02 | -0.14 | 0.04 | -0.06 | 0.06 |
| CNCLogic | -0.07 | -0.09 | -0.31 | 0.62 | 0.35 | -0.01 | 0.33 | -0.07 | 0.19 | -0.13 |
| CNCADC | -0.04 | -0.12 | -0.05 | 0.1 | 0.36 | 0.13 | 0.52 | 0.33 | -0.02 | 0.06 |
| CNCTemp | 0.14 | 0.09 | -0.31 | 0.08 | 0.34 | -0.01 | 0.32 | -0.21 | 0.2 | -0.23 |
| CNCTempx | 0.15 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.39 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.05 | -0.02 | -0.22 | -0.1 |
| CNCAdd | -0.14 | 0.01 | 0.04 | -0.19 | 0.89 | -0.14 | -0.04 | -0.08 | -0.04 | -0.01 |
| CNCPos | -0.08 | 0.11 | -0.05 | 0.33 | 0.73 | -0.2 | -0.16 | -0.26 | 0 | -0.1 |
| CNCNeg | -0.07 | -0.13 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.37 | 0.11 | 0.55 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| SMCAUSv | 0.64 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.05 | -0.09 | 0.14 | -0.05 | 0.06 | -0.15 | -0.33 |
| SMCAUSvp | 0.49 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.55 | -0.14 | 0.06 | -0.03 | 0.09 | -0.06 | -0.17 |
| SMINTEp | 0.66 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.05 | -0.18 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.12 | -0.27 |
| SMCAUSr | -0.36 | 0.16 | -0.05 | 0.58 | -0.13 | -0.13 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.3 |
| SMINTEr | -0.43 | 0.12 | -0.08 | 0.68 | -0.06 | -0.07 | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.25 |
| SMCAUSlsa | -0.01 | 0.06 | -0.17 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.04 | -0.54 | 0.07 | 0.29 | -0.01 |
| SMCAUSwn | 0.28 | 0.09 | -0.01 | 0.23 | 0.02 | 0.22 | -0.35 | 0.54 | 0.22 | 0.22 |
| SMTEMP | 0.69 | 0.62 | -0.03 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.15 | -0.01 | 0.11 | -0.07 | 0.24 |
| SYNLE | -0.13 | -0.11 | -0.1 | -0.14 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.18 | -0.06 |
| SYNNP | 0 | -0.05 | 0.29 | -0.17 | 0 | 0.38 | -0.21 | -0.5 | 0.09 | 0.35 |
| SYNMEDpos | 0.66 | 0.51 | -0.06 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.1 | -0.11 | 0.4 |
| SYNMEDwrd | 0.71 | 0.53 | -0.04 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.01 | 0.09 | -0.07 | 0.35 |
| SYNMEDlem | 0.7 | 0.54 | -0.04 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.09 | -0.08 | 0.35 |
| SYNSTRUTa | 0.81 | 0.14 | -0.08 | 0.08 | -0.12 | 0.17 | -0.06 | 0.05 | -0.05 | -0.13 |
| SYNSTRUTt | 0.85 | 0.15 | -0.05 | 0.06 | -0.12 | 0.16 | -0.05 | 0.02 | -0.04 | -0.15 |
| DRNP | -0.04 | -0.1 | 0.15 | 0.02 | -0.43 | -0.03 | -0.26 | -0.02 | -0.12 | -0.28 |
| DRVP | -0.05 | 0.07 | -0.08 | -0.14 | -0.05 | -0.14 | 0 | 0.65 | 0 | -0.02 |
| DRAP | 0.09 | 0 | -0.21 | 0.22 | 0.26 | -0.09 | 0.42 | -0.01 | 0.06 | -0.36 |
| DRPP | 0.11 | -0.02 | 0.05 | 0.09 | -0.01 | 0.06 | -0.45 | -0.03 | 0 | 0.05 |
| DRNEG | 0.03 | 0.03 | -0.14 | 0.08 | 0.1 | -0.15 | 0.53 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.09 |
| WRDNOUN | 0.04 | -0.06 | 0.49 | -0.12 | -0.16 | 0.28 | -0.41 | -0.4 | 0.02 | 0.06 |
| WRDVERB | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.05 | -0.13 | -0.06 | 0 | 0.17 | 0.65 | -0.12 | 0.03 |
| WRDADJ | 0.05 | 0.01 | -0.09 | 0.04 | -0.06 | 0.37 | 0.01 | -0.26 | -0.03 | 0.29 |
| WRDADV | 0.04 | 0.04 | -0.24 | 0.38 | 0.29 | 0 | 0.47 | -0.08 | 0.22 | -0.19 |
| WRDPRO | -0.11 | 0.01 | -0.27 | -0.03 | -0.23 | -0.54 | 0.37 | 0.2 | -0.13 | -0.19 |
| WRDPRP3s | 0.05 | 0.01 | -0.09 | 0.14 | -0.03 | -0.03 | 0.45 | -0.03 | 0.1 | 0.22 |
| WRDPRP3p | -0.23 | -0.17 | -0.12 | 0.23 | 0.04 | 0.13 | -0.02 | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0.04 |
| WRDFRQc | -0.12 | -0.25 | -0.58 | 0.26 | -0.15 | -0.24 | -0.05 | 0.31 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
| WRDFRQa | -0.23 | -0.19 | -0.49 | -0.11 | 0.06 | -0.47 | -0.23 | -0.06 | -0.26 | 0.07 |
| WRDFRQmc | 0.66 | -0.02 | -0.21 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.1 | -0.08 | 0.15 | -0.07 | 0.18 |
| WRDAOAc | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.32 | 0.03 | -0.09 | 0.07 | 0.13 |
| WRDFAMc | -0.09 | -0.12 | -0.47 | 0.22 | -0.18 | -0.23 | -0.08 | 0.22 | 0.12 | -0.06 |
| WRDCNCc | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.83 | -0.12 | 0.04 | -0.03 | -0.06 | 0.02 | -0.09 | 0.05 |
| WRDIMGc | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.88 | -0.06 | -0.05 | 0 | -0.11 | -0.02 | -0.15 | 0.03 |
| WRDMEAc | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.71 | 0.06 | -0.19 | 0.03 | -0.13 | 0.17 | -0.2 | 0.03 |
| WRDPOLc | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.3 | -0.06 | 0.01 | -0.27 | 0.67 | 0.18 | 0.11 |
| WRDHYPn | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.25 | 0.27 | -0.11 | -0.07 | 0.07 | 0.3 | 0.17 | -0.18 |
| WRDHYPv | 0.21 | 0 | 0.23 | 0.1 | -0.12 | 0.2 | -0.02 | 0.54 | 0.31 | -0.01 |
| WRDHYPnv | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.61 | 0.11 | -0.23 | 0.22 | -0.34 | 0.12 | 0.24 | -0.05 |
| RDFRE | 0.82 | 0.19 | 0.04 | -0.11 | 0.05 | -0.19 | -0.09 | -0.1 | -0.32 | 0 |
| RDFKGL | -0.81 | -0.23 | -0.04 | 0.15 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.1 | 0.11 | 0.34 | 0.01 |
| RDL2 | 0.44 | 0.48 | -0.44 | 0.2 | -0.1 | -0.03 | -0.09 | 0.25 | 0.01 | -0.15 |