CohMetrix Model 1d Variable Importance - shmercer/writeAlizer GitHub Wiki
Relative Importance of Each Metric
Coh-Metrix Model 1d
This model used Coh-Metrix scores from 7 min narrative writing samples ("I once had a magic pencil and ...") from 136 students in the fall of Grades 2-5 (Mercer et al., 2019) to predict holistic writing quality on the samples (elo ratings calculated from paired comparisons).
Principal component scores were generated during data pre-processing (see section on Scoring Model Development for more details).
Mercer, S. H., Keller-Margulis, M. A., Faith, E. L., Reid, E. K., & Ochs, S. (2019). The potential for automated text evaluation to improve the technical adequacy of written expression curriculum-based measurement. Learning Disability Quarterly, 42, 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731948718803296
Algorithm Weightings in Ensemble
Abbreviations:
- all = ensemble model
- gbm = stochastic gradient boosted trees
- pls = partial least squares regression
- svm = support vector machines
- enet = elastic net regression
- rf = random forest regression
- mars = bagged multivariate adaptive regression splines
- cube = cubist regression
The table below presents the linear weightings of each algorithm for the ensemble model.
| Intercept | gbm | pls | svm | enet | rf | mars | cube |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -20.0773 | 0.0971 | 0.7558 | 0.5784 | -0.4401 | -4e-04 | 0.002 | 0.0227 |
Metric Importance in Each Algorithm and Ensemble
Each column sums to 100 (so values can be interpreted as % contribution to the model).
PC1 = scores on 1st principal component extracted, ...
Note: Importance is unavailable for support vector machines when PCA-based pre-processing is used (so all values for svm are 0).
| Metric | all | gbm | pls | svm | enet | rf | mars | cube |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PC3 | 16.71 | 31.88 | 19.04 | 0 | 8.86 | 20.39 | 26.66 | 17.12 |
| PC5 | 12.28 | 18.78 | 13.53 | 0 | 8.6 | 14.58 | 19.92 | 8.98 |
| PC1 | 11.48 | 6.86 | 17.08 | 0 | 3.49 | 5.37 | 14.52 | 8.98 |
| PC8 | 7.3 | 4.81 | 7.77 | 0 | 7.07 | 4.77 | 9.88 | 8.47 |
| PC9 | 5 | 7.06 | 4.69 | 0 | 4.66 | 7.51 | 11.76 | 8.47 |
| PC4 | 4.73 | 2.76 | 5.98 | 0 | 3.09 | 2.6 | 0 | 7.97 |
| PC11 | 4.57 | 2.64 | 4.52 | 0 | 5.05 | 1.91 | 0 | 8.47 |
| PC7 | 2.91 | 4.92 | 2.9 | 0 | 2.16 | 5.93 | 0 | 8.47 |
| PC34 | 2.6 | 0.6 | 0.87 | 0 | 5.78 | 0.91 | 0 | 7.97 |
| PC14 | 2.37 | 0.66 | 2.18 | 0 | 3.18 | 0.56 | 0 | 2.2 |
| PC16 | 2.3 | 0.66 | 1.87 | 0 | 3.52 | 1.18 | 0 | 1.69 |
| PC21 | 2.27 | 0.65 | 1.5 | 0 | 3.75 | 1.41 | 0 | 6.78 |
| PC10 | 2.26 | 1.45 | 2.34 | 0 | 2.39 | 1.39 | 0 | 1.69 |
| PC30 | 2.07 | 0.38 | 0.88 | 0 | 4.61 | 1.45 | 0 | 0.51 |
| PC15 | 1.81 | 0 | 1.61 | 0 | 2.7 | 1.24 | 0 | 0.51 |
| PC31 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.69 | 0 | 3.86 | 1.42 | 0 | 1.19 |
| PC6 | 1.7 | 0.76 | 2.11 | 0 | 1.37 | 1.29 | 0 | 0 |
| PC35 | 1.7 | 0.15 | 0.51 | 0 | 4.07 | 1.11 | 5.51 | 0 |
| PC17 | 1.5 | 0.35 | 1.24 | 0 | 2.35 | 1.14 | 0 | 0 |
| PC12 | 1.4 | 0.88 | 1.45 | 0 | 1.59 | 0.23 | 0 | 0 |
| PC24 | 1.39 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0 | 2.51 | 1.02 | 0 | 0 |
| PC13 | 1.3 | 0.62 | 1.24 | 0 | 1.66 | 0.98 | 0 | 0 |
| PC22 | 1.27 | 1.34 | 0.81 | 0 | 2.08 | 2.74 | 0 | 0 |
| PC19 | 1.11 | 2.25 | 0.72 | 0 | 1.51 | 4.51 | 0 | 0.51 |
| PC32 | 1.09 | 1.42 | 0.37 | 0 | 2.27 | 0.42 | 0 | 0 |
| PC2 | 0.89 | 1.16 | 1.19 | 0 | 0.33 | 2.11 | 0.87 | 0 |
| PC26 | 0.67 | 0.85 | 0.34 | 0 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 0 | 0 |
| PC33 | 0.64 | 0.61 | 0.17 | 0 | 1.32 | 0.89 | 7.71 | 0 |
| PC18 | 0.63 | 0.17 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.93 | 0.58 | 3.18 | 0 |
| PC29 | 0.6 | 0.71 | 0.24 | 0 | 1.18 | 2.26 | 0 | 0 |
| PC28 | 0.51 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0 | 1.08 | 0.92 | 0 | 0 |
| PC20 | 0.43 | 0.87 | 0.27 | 0 | 0.63 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PC25 | 0.34 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0 | 0.64 | 0.93 | 0 | 0 |
| PC27 | 0.33 | 0.86 | 0.12 | 0 | 0.52 | 2.07 | 0 | 0 |
| PC23 | 0.04 | 0.37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.27 | 0 | 0 |
Proportion of Variance by Varimax Rotated Component (RC)
Due to space limitations, loadings for only the first ten principal components are displayed. The full PCA results are available here
| Variable | RC2 | RC1 | RC4 | RC3 | RC8 | RC5 | RC6 | RC7 | RC10 | RC9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SS loadings | 14.67 | 14.32 | 5.99 | 5.95 | 5.14 | 4.89 | 4.76 | 4.01 | 4.00 | 3.01 |
| Proportion Var | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Cumulative Var | 0.15 | 0.30 | 0.36 | 0.42 | 0.47 | 0.53 | 0.57 | 0.62 | 0.66 | 0.69 |
| Proportion Explained | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| Cumulative Proportion | 0.22 | 0.43 | 0.52 | 0.61 | 0.69 | 0.76 | 0.83 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 1.00 |
Varimax Rotated Loadings
Detailed information on Coh-Metrix abbreviations and indices is available here.
| Metric | RC2 | RC1 | RC4 | RC3 | RC8 | RC5 | RC6 | RC7 | RC10 | RC9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DESSC | -0.01 | 0.8 | 0.31 | -0.06 | -0.06 | 0.02 | -0.04 | 0.05 | 0.29 | 0.01 |
| DESWC | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.34 | 0.23 | -0.09 | -0.06 | -0.07 | 0.1 | 0.78 | -0.03 |
| DESPL | -0.01 | 0.8 | 0.31 | -0.06 | -0.06 | 0.02 | -0.04 | 0.05 | 0.29 | 0.01 |
| DESSL | -0.37 | -0.76 | -0.03 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.01 | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.3 | 0.14 |
| DESSLd | 0.52 | -0.1 | 0.04 | 0.32 | 0.1 | -0.04 | -0.04 | -0.01 | 0.25 | -0.45 |
| DESWLsy | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.71 | -0.01 | -0.06 | 0.24 | 0.25 | -0.07 | 0.02 | -0.02 |
| DESWLsyd | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.66 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.22 | 0.18 | -0.13 | 0 | 0.13 |
| DESWLlt | 0.07 | 0.29 | 0.71 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.01 | -0.08 |
| DESWLltd | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.69 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.21 | -0.09 | -0.06 | 0.02 | 0.2 |
| PCNARz | 0.74 | 0.23 | -0.02 | 0.1 | -0.22 | 0.02 | -0.51 | -0.1 | 0.01 | 0.07 |
| PCNARp | 0.61 | 0.35 | 0.13 | 0.06 | -0.2 | 0.07 | -0.48 | -0.03 | 0.06 | -0.01 |
| PCSYNz | -0.09 | 0.88 | 0.13 | -0.06 | -0.04 | -0.1 | 0.01 | 0.14 | -0.33 | 0.08 |
| PCSYNp | -0.19 | 0.84 | 0.16 | 0.01 | -0.01 | -0.04 | -0.03 | 0.15 | -0.22 | 0.12 |
| PCCNCz | -0.35 | -0.48 | -0.08 | 0.04 | 0.61 | -0.35 | 0.08 | 0.08 | -0.02 | 0.27 |
| PCCNCp | -0.12 | -0.35 | -0.02 | 0.03 | 0.57 | -0.38 | 0.1 | 0.14 | -0.08 | 0.25 |
| PCREFz | 0.71 | -0.34 | -0.25 | -0.08 | 0.02 | 0.04 | -0.03 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.48 |
| PCREFp | 0.45 | -0.36 | -0.26 | -0.03 | -0.03 | 0.04 | -0.1 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.52 |
| PCDCz | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.9 | -0.09 | -0.15 | -0.02 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| PCDCp | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.85 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.02 | 0.16 | -0.01 | 0.08 |
| PCVERBz | -0.63 | -0.44 | -0.46 | 0.05 | -0.06 | 0.12 | 0.2 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.05 |
| PCVERBp | -0.47 | -0.21 | -0.5 | 0.06 | -0.01 | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.3 | 0.11 | -0.08 |
| PCCONNz | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.24 | 0.09 | -0.02 | 0.87 | -0.06 | -0.06 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| PCCONNp | -0.08 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.81 | 0 | -0.1 | -0.12 | 0.01 |
| PCTEMPz | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.17 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.01 | -0.28 |
| PCTEMPp | 0.4 | 0.37 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.17 | -0.16 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.14 | -0.35 |
| CRFNO1 | 0.61 | -0.16 | 0.11 | -0.12 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.49 | 0.2 | 0.17 | 0.09 |
| CRFAO1 | 0.88 | 0.21 | 0.13 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.08 | -0.06 | 0.09 | 0 | 0.08 |
| CRFSO1 | 0.64 | -0.13 | 0.12 | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.51 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.01 |
| CRFNOa | 0.64 | -0.21 | 0.11 | -0.12 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.48 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.08 |
| CRFAOa | 0.91 | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | -0.09 | 0.01 | -0.07 | 0.06 |
| CRFSOa | 0.65 | -0.16 | 0.12 | -0.07 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.53 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.02 |
| CRFCWO1 | 0.88 | 0.18 | -0.08 | -0.03 | 0 | 0.07 | -0.06 | 0.14 | -0.01 | 0.2 |
| CRFCWO1d | 0.2 | 0.62 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.06 | -0.13 | -0.03 | 0.29 | 0.02 |
| CRFCWOa | 0.9 | 0.14 | -0.11 | -0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | -0.08 | 0.07 | -0.1 | 0.14 |
| CRFCWOad | 0.2 | 0.76 | -0.03 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | -0.02 | 0.24 | -0.06 |
| CRFANP1 | 0.82 | 0.29 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.02 | -0.22 | -0.02 | -0.02 | 0 |
| CRFANPa | 0.85 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.05 | -0.03 | -0.25 | -0.06 | -0.13 | 0.04 |
| LSASS1 | 0.83 | 0.06 | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.11 | -0.01 | 0.14 | -0.01 |
| LSASS1d | 0.16 | 0.7 | 0.09 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.05 | 0.08 | -0.05 | 0.26 | 0.06 |
| LSASSp | 0.85 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.08 | -0.01 | 0.11 | -0.04 | 0.08 | -0.04 |
| LSASSpd | 0.24 | 0.76 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.28 | 0.05 |
| LSAGN | 0.56 | 0.66 | 0.2 | -0.01 | -0.03 | 0 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.3 | -0.02 |
| LSAGNd | 0.78 | 0.41 | 0.12 | 0 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.07 | -0.02 | 0.08 | -0.15 |
| LDTTRc | -0.06 | -0.01 | 0.07 | -0.11 | 0.02 | 0.03 | -0.35 | -0.41 | -0.59 | 0.03 |
| LDTTRa | -0.16 | 0.12 | 0.12 | -0.07 | -0.11 | 0.11 | -0.04 | -0.17 | -0.76 | -0.16 |
| LDMTLD | -0.08 | 0.2 | 0.52 | 0.21 | -0.08 | 0.15 | -0.17 | 0.08 | 0.09 | -0.19 |
| CNCAll | -0.12 | -0.12 | -0.21 | 0.51 | 0.01 | -0.77 | 0.05 | -0.03 | -0.03 | 0.07 |
| CNCCaus | 0 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.86 | -0.02 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.06 | -0.09 | 0.01 |
| CNCLogic | 0.02 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.64 | -0.3 | -0.25 | -0.04 | 0.3 | 0.01 | 0.16 |
| CNCADC | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.16 | 0.01 | -0.37 | -0.25 | -0.16 | 0.43 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
| CNCTemp | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.31 | -0.1 | -0.28 | -0.01 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.22 |
| CNCTempx | 0.11 | 0.11 | -0.06 | 0.29 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.28 |
| CNCAdd | -0.11 | -0.19 | -0.33 | -0.04 | 0.09 | -0.83 | 0.05 | -0.08 | -0.06 | -0.04 |
| CNCPos | -0.13 | -0.1 | -0.22 | 0.53 | 0.12 | -0.67 | 0.09 | -0.14 | -0.06 | 0.09 |
| CNCNeg | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.02 | -0.35 | -0.26 | -0.19 | 0.44 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
| SMCAUSv | -0.02 | 0.62 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.06 | -0.02 | -0.2 | 0.16 | -0.33 | 0.12 |
| SMCAUSvp | -0.02 | 0.44 | 0.11 | 0.52 | 0.02 | -0.01 | -0.17 | 0.2 | -0.32 | 0.05 |
| SMINTEp | 0.06 | 0.59 | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.1 | -0.06 | -0.1 | 0.05 | -0.2 | 0.35 |
| SMCAUSr | -0.02 | -0.34 | 0 | 0.72 | -0.07 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.27 | -0.14 |
| SMINTEr | -0.07 | -0.31 | 0.01 | 0.72 | -0.05 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.26 | -0.13 |
| SMCAUSlsa | 0.03 | 0.03 | -0.29 | -0.15 | -0.03 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.48 | 0.1 | -0.02 |
| SMCAUSwn | 0.04 | 0.1 | -0.14 | 0.32 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.73 | 0.11 | 0.02 |
| SMTEMP | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.17 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0 | -0.26 |
| SYNLE | 0.01 | -0.19 | -0.02 | 0.34 | 0.03 | 0.02 | -0.06 | 0.07 | 0.34 | -0.19 |
| SYNNP | -0.05 | -0.04 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.14 | -0.09 | 0.61 | 0 | 0.1 | -0.32 |
| SYNMEDpos | 0.63 | 0.56 | 0.2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.01 | -0.05 | -0.05 | -0.38 |
| SYNMEDwrd | 0.61 | 0.64 | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 | -0.01 | -0.01 | -0.03 | -0.33 |
| SYNMEDlem | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | -0.02 | -0.01 | -0.02 | -0.34 |
| SYNSTRUTa | 0.06 | 0.8 | -0.01 | -0.05 | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.1 | -0.06 | -0.16 | 0.1 |
| SYNSTRUTt | 0.08 | 0.83 | 0.03 | -0.03 | 0.05 | 0.2 | 0.07 | -0.08 | -0.2 | 0.08 |
| DRNP | 0.02 | -0.01 | -0.27 | -0.05 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 0.02 | 0.07 | -0.19 | 0.07 |
| DRVP | 0.15 | -0.03 | 0.14 | -0.08 | -0.09 | 0.18 | -0.63 | 0.14 | 0.02 | -0.02 |
| DRAP | -0.11 | 0.06 | 0.26 | 0.12 | -0.57 | -0.19 | 0.03 | -0.01 | -0.16 | 0.23 |
| DRPP | 0.13 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.09 | 0.2 | 0.09 | 0.04 | -0.16 | 0.27 | 0.25 |
| DRNEG | -0.13 | -0.23 | 0.1 | -0.1 | -0.33 | -0.01 | -0.18 | -0.01 | 0.28 | 0.05 |
| WRDNOUN | -0.15 | 0.11 | 0.07 | -0.07 | 0.29 | 0.09 | 0.7 | -0.09 | -0.09 | -0.03 |
| WRDVERB | -0.05 | -0.05 | 0.03 | -0.05 | 0.13 | -0.1 | -0.54 | 0.18 | 0.12 | -0.12 |
| WRDADJ | -0.01 | -0.04 | -0.13 | 0.01 | -0.11 | 0.1 | 0.33 | 0.01 | -0.16 | -0.5 |
| WRDADV | -0.11 | 0.01 | 0.29 | 0.2 | -0.7 | -0.18 | -0.04 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.17 |
| WRDPRO | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.25 | -0.09 | -0.1 | 0.16 | -0.6 | -0.03 | -0.21 | 0.13 |
| WRDPRP3s | -0.14 | -0.02 | -0.1 | 0.13 | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.17 | 0.12 | 0.05 | -0.17 |
| WRDPRP3p | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.04 | -0.08 | 0 | -0.01 | 0.13 | -0.1 |
| WRDFRQc | -0.1 | -0.09 | -0.49 | 0.07 | -0.54 | 0.25 | -0.02 | -0.07 | 0.09 | 0.11 |
| WRDFRQa | -0.11 | -0.21 | -0.59 | -0.13 | -0.21 | -0.01 | 0.1 | -0.44 | 0.07 | 0.04 |
| WRDFRQmc | 0.09 | 0.64 | 0.01 | 0.13 | -0.03 | 0.07 | -0.16 | 0.25 | 0 | -0.08 |
| WRDAOAc | 0.1 | -0.02 | 0.39 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0 | -0.19 | 0.27 | 0.11 | -0.04 |
| WRDFAMc | 0 | 0.02 | -0.28 | 0.15 | -0.19 | 0.19 | 0.02 | -0.15 | 0.31 | 0.18 |
| WRDCNCc | 0.09 | 0.1 | 0.24 | -0.08 | 0.77 | -0.05 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.15 |
| WRDIMGc | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.22 | -0.14 | 0.86 | -0.03 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| WRDMEAc | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.03 | 0.73 | -0.04 | 0.03 | -0.06 | -0.09 | 0.06 |
| WRDPOLc | -0.01 | 0.08 | -0.23 | 0.32 | -0.03 | -0.03 | -0.13 | 0.66 | -0.04 | -0.05 |
| WRDHYPn | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.38 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0 | -0.1 | 0.66 | 0.13 | -0.02 |
| WRDHYPv | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.27 | -0.19 | -0.22 | 0.39 | -0.03 | 0.26 |
| WRDHYPnv | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.37 | 0.05 | 0.38 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.6 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
| RDFRE | 0.35 | 0.74 | -0.17 | -0.23 | -0.05 | -0.08 | -0.02 | 0.02 | -0.29 | -0.13 |
| RDFKGL | -0.36 | -0.76 | 0.04 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.03 | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.3 | 0.14 |
| RDL2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | -0.34 | -0.01 | -0.27 | 0.29 | 0.01 | 0.01 | -0.04 | 0.24 |