Golang - sgml/signature GitHub Wiki

Installation Bash Shell Script

#!/bin/bash
# set -e: Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
# set -u: Treat unset variables as an error.
# set -o pipefail: Return the exit status of the last command in the pipe that failed.
# For more information, see the GNU Bash manual:
# https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Set-Builtin.html
set -euo pipefail

##############################################
# OS & Architecture Detection
##############################################

# Detect the operating system.
UNAME_S=$(uname -s)
case "$UNAME_S" in
  Linux*)   GO_OS="linux" ;;
  Darwin*)  GO_OS="darwin" ;;
  MINGW*|MSYS*|CYGWIN*) GO_OS="windows" ;;
  *)        echo "Unsupported OS: $UNAME_S" && exit 1 ;;
esac

# Detect system architecture.
UNAME_M=$(uname -m)
case "$UNAME_M" in
  x86_64)         GO_ARCH="amd64" ;;
  aarch64|arm64)  GO_ARCH="arm64" ;;
  *)              echo "Unsupported architecture: $UNAME_M" && exit 1 ;;
esac

##############################################
# Dependency Checks and Installation
##############################################

# Function to install a package on Linux with available package managers.
install_package_linux() {
  PACKAGE_NAME="$1"
  if command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y "$PACKAGE_NAME"
  elif command -v yum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    sudo yum install -y "$PACKAGE_NAME"
  elif command -v dnf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    sudo dnf install -y "$PACKAGE_NAME"
  else
    echo "Error: Could not determine a suitable package manager. Please install $PACKAGE_NAME manually." && exit 1
  fi
}

# Check if curl is installed; if not, attempt to install it.
if ! command -v curl >/dev/null; then
  echo "curl is not installed. Attempting to install curl..."
  if [ "$GO_OS" = "linux" ]; then
    install_package_linux curl
  elif [ "$GO_OS" = "darwin" ]; then
    if command -v brew >/dev/null; then
      brew install curl
    else
      echo "Error: Homebrew is not installed. Please install curl manually from https://curl.se/." && exit 1
    fi
  elif [ "$GO_OS" = "windows" ]; then
    echo "Automatic installation of curl is not supported on Windows. Please install curl manually from https://curl.se/download.html." && exit 1
  else
    echo "Unsupported OS for automatic curl installation." && exit 1
  fi

  if ! command -v curl >/dev/null; then
    echo "Error: curl installation failed. Please install curl manually." && exit 1
  fi
fi
echo "curl is installed."

# Check if jq is installed; if not, attempt to install it.
if ! command -v jq >/dev/null; then
  echo "jq is not installed. Attempting to install jq..."
  if [ "$GO_OS" = "linux" ]; then
    install_package_linux jq
  elif [ "$GO_OS" = "darwin" ]; then
    if command -v brew >/dev/null; then
      brew install jq
    else
      echo "Error: Homebrew is not installed. Please install jq manually from https://stedolan.github.io/jq/." && exit 1
    fi
  elif [ "$GO_OS" = "windows" ]; then
    echo "Automatic installation of jq is not supported on Windows. Please install jq manually from https://stedolan.github.io/jq/download/." && exit 1
  else
    echo "Unsupported OS for automatic jq installation." && exit 1
  fi

  if ! command -v jq >/dev/null; then
    echo "Error: jq installation failed. Please install jq manually." && exit 1
  fi
fi
echo "jq is installed."

##############################################
# Determine Archive Extension
##############################################

# Choose archive extension based on OS.
if [ "$GO_OS" = "windows" ]; then
    EXT="zip"
else
    EXT="tar.gz"
fi

##############################################
# Retrieve Latest Go Release Information
##############################################

# The Go downloads page supports different query parameter values for the "mode":
#   - mode=json : Returns the release information in JSON format (what we're using here)
#   - mode=html : Returns the standard HTML page
# For additional details, see: https://go.dev/dl/
echo "Fetching latest Go version..."
RELEASE_JSON=$(curl -sL "https://go.dev/dl/?mode=json")
LATEST=$(echo "$RELEASE_JSON" | jq -r '.[0].version')  # e.g., "go1.20.4"
if [ -z "$LATEST" ]; then
  echo "Failed to determine the latest Go version." && exit 1
fi
echo "Latest Go version: $LATEST"

##############################################
# Download and Install Go
##############################################

# Construct the file name and download URL.
FILE="${LATEST}.${GO_OS}-${GO_ARCH}.${EXT}"
URL="https://go.dev/dl/${FILE}"

# Using curl with the -O flag to download the file from the provided URL.
# The -O option saves the file with its original filename as provided by the server.
# For more details on curl's command-line options, see: https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html
echo "Downloading ${FILE} from ${URL}..."
curl -O "$URL"

# Define installation directory.
if [ "$GO_OS" = "windows" ]; then
    # Assumes Git Bash on Windows; adjust this install path if necessary.
    INSTALL_DIR="/c/Go"
else
    INSTALL_DIR="/usr/local/go"
fi

echo "Installing Go to ${INSTALL_DIR}..."

# Remove any previous installation.
if [ "$GO_OS" = "windows" ]; then
    rm -rf "$INSTALL_DIR"
else
    sudo rm -rf "$INSTALL_DIR"
fi

# Extract the archive.
if [ "$EXT" = "tar.gz" ]; then
    if [ "$GO_OS" = "windows" ]; then
        echo "Extraction on Windows: Please use an unzip tool manually." && exit 1
    else
        # Using tar with the following options:
        # -C /usr/local: Change to the /usr/local directory before extraction.
        # -x: Extract the archive.
        # -z: Uncompress the archive using gzip.
        # -f "$FILE": Specify the archive file to extract.
        # For more details on tar options, see: https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_section/Standard-options.html
        sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf "$FILE"
    fi
elif [ "$EXT" = "zip" ]; then
    # For Windows, using unzip via Git Bash/MSYS – adjust as necessary.
    unzip "$FILE" -d "$INSTALL_DIR"
fi

# Clean up the downloaded file.
rm "$FILE"

# Update PATH for Linux/macOS if necessary.
if [ "$GO_OS" != "windows" ]; then
  if ! grep -q "/usr/local/go/bin" ~/.profile ; then
    echo "export PATH=\$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin" >> ~/.profile
    echo "Added Go to your PATH in ~/.profile. Restart your session or run 'source ~/.profile' to update your environment."
  fi
fi

echo "Go installation completed."
if [ "$GO_OS" != "windows" ]; then
  /usr/local/go/bin/go version
else
  echo "Please add ${INSTALL_DIR}/bin to your PATH and run 'go version' to verify the installation on Windows."
fi

Examples

Sample Code

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "github.com/belong-inc/go-hubspot"
)

func main() {
    // Initialize the HubSpot client with your private app access token
    client, err := hubspot.NewClient(hubspot.SetPrivateAppToken("YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"))
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Error creating HubSpot client: %v", err)
    }

    // Get a contact by ID
    contactID := "yourContactID"
    contact, err := client.CRM().Contacts().GetByID(contactID)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Error getting contact: %v", err)
    }

    // Print the contact details
    fmt.Printf("Contact ID: %s\n", contact.ID)
    fmt.Printf("Contact Name: %s\n", contact.Properties["firstname"])
}

Template Strings

WebAssembly

GRPC

Use Cases

  - company: Google
    url: https://blog.google/products/development-suite/go-20-released/

  - company: Microsoft
    url: https://blogs.microsoft.com/developer/2020/08/25/using-go-to-build-high-performance-applications/

  - company: Shopify
    url: https://www.shopify.com/engineering/using-go-to-improve-performance

  - company: Netflix
    url: https://netflixtechblog.com/going-go-with-go-2/

  - company: Zerodha
    url: https://zerodha.com/tech-blog/leveraging-go-for-high-performance-trading-platform/

References

Games

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