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Domain Specific Languages

Turing‑Incomplete Build DSLs (Interpreted Language Contexts)

Build DSL	Host Context	Why Turing‑Incomplete	GitHub URL	Example	Author URL	Spec
Starlark	Python‑like DSL used in Bazel	No unbounded loops or recursion; deterministic evaluation for dependency graphs.	https://github.com/bazelbuild/starlark	`load("//tools:defs.bzl", "my_rule")`	https://bazel.build/about	https://bazel.build/docs/skylark
Pants BUILD	Python ecosystem	Declarative targets; avoids arbitrary computation even though Pants itself runs in Python.	https://github.com/pantsbuild/pants	`python_library(name="core", sources=["core.py"])`	https://www.pantsbuild.org	https://www.pantsbuild.org/docs
Buck rules	Python‑like DSL	Restricted evaluation; rules are declarative, not general scripts.	https://github.com/facebook/buck	`java_library(name="util", srcs=["Util.java"])`	https://buck.build	https://buck.build/rule
Nix exprs	Functional DSL interpreted by Nix	Pure, terminating evaluation; no side effects or arbitrary looping.	https://github.com/NixOS/nix	`{ pkgs }: pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation { name = "hello"; }`	https://nixos.org	https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/
Rakefiles	Ruby DSL	Task definitions are declarative; while Ruby is Turing‑complete, the DSL subset for build orchestration is intentionally limited.	https://github.com/ruby/rake	`task :build => [:compile, :test]`	https://ruby-lang.org	https://ruby.github.io/rake/doc/rakefile_rdoc.html

Monitoring

Datadog Item	Qty	Datadog Cost (2026 est.)	Salesforce Equivalent & Cost	Heroku Equivalent & Cost	GitHub Equivalent & Cost	cPanel Equivalent & Cost
Infra Host	0	$18/host/mo (Pro tier)	Org infra (bundled, no per-host cost)	Dyno $7/mo (Basic)	Repo infra (included)	Shared hosting server $29.99+/mo
APM Enterprise Hosts	2	$36/host/mo → $72/mo	Event Monitoring via Shield (~10% of net license fees)	2 Dynos + New Relic add-on (~$7 + $25+/mo each)	2 repos monitored via Actions (~$0.002/min usage)	2 hosted apps monitored via cPanel metrics (bundled)
RUM Session Replay Sessions	0	Add-on pricing varies	Lightning Usage App (included)	Analytics add-ons (LogDNA ~$10+/mo)	Pages analytics (free/basic)	AWStats/Webalizer (included)
Synthetic API Test Runs	0	$5/test/mo	Apex test classes (included)	Worker dyno scheduled tasks ($7/mo)	CI tests via Actions minutes ($0.002/min)	Cron jobs (included)
Indexed Logs (15 day retention)	20	$0.10/GB/day → ~$60/mo	Debug/Event Monitoring logs (Shield add-on)	Log drains (Papertrail ~$7–$99/mo tiers)	Actions logs (14-day retention, included)	Error/access logs (bundled, short retention)
Serverless Invocations	5	$5 per 1M invocations → negligible	Apex trigger executions (included)	Worker dyno invocations ($7/mo)	Actions job runs ($0.002/min)	PHP script executions (included)
Network Host	1	$18/host/mo	My Domain endpoint (included)	Heroku app domain (included)	Repo endpoint/Pages domain (included)	Shared hosting IP/domain (included)
Ingested Logs	50GB	$0.10/GB/day → ~$150/mo	Event Monitoring ingestion (Shield add-on)	Log drain storage (~$25–$100/mo tiers)	Actions logs storage (quota included)	Web server logs capped by storage quota
Indexed Spans	1M	$1.59 per million events → ~$1.59	Transaction Events (Shield add-on)	New Relic/OpenTelemetry add-on (~$25+/mo)	Workflow spans (included in Actions minutes)	None (unsupported)
Fargate Task	1	~$0.04/hr → ~$30/mo	Scheduled Apex job (included)	Worker dyno scheduled task ($7/mo)	Scheduled workflow (cron, included)	Cron job (included)

Siteground

Setting Up a Staging Site on SiteGround

Step-by-Step Guide to Setting Up a Staging Site on SiteGround

Log in to Your SiteGround Dashboard:
- Go to your SiteGround hosting dashboard.
- Click on "My Account" and then "Go to CPanel".
Access the Staging Tool:
- In the CPanel, scroll down and look for "WordPress Tools" or "Joomla Tools" (depending on the platform you're using).
- Click on the "Staging" button.
Create a Staging Copy:
- You will see a list of domain names hosted on your SiteGround account.
- Click on the "Create Staging Copy" button.
- Select the files and directories that are essential for your staging site.
- Click "Continue" and set up password protection for the staging site.
Manage Your Staging Site:
- You can now make changes to your staging site without affecting your live site.
- Test all new features and updates thoroughly.
- Once you're satisfied with the changes, you can deploy the staging site to your live site.
Deploy the Staging Site:
- Use the "Deploy" option in the Staging Tool to push changes from the staging site to your live site.
- Ensure you have backups in case you need to revert any changes.

Using the SiteGround Staging Tool, you can safely test and refine your updates before making them live, minimizing the risk of errors on your production site.

Would you like more detailed instructions or have any specific questions about the process?