NET 150 Tech Journal - ryanm292002/Ryans-Repository GitHub Wiki

Lab 1-1 Network Connectivity Testing

Command prompt can be opened by searching "cmd" in the windows search bar.

ipconfig- command used to display your current network configuration, ipconfig /all shows the most information

ping- used to test the connection between yours and another network, usually, you just do ping (IP address of the network you're trying to test)

tracert- used to layout the path of a connection, its shows where the packet goes in between the start and endpoint. Usually, you use it with a website domain or another IP

nslookup-used to find out information about DNS (domain name system), usually, you just do nslookup (the website you want to know about address)

Lab 2-1 Packet Tracer Intro Switches and workstations can be deployed by dragging them from the bottom menu onto your workspace.

You connect devices by again dragging the right wire from the bottom menu and connecting it to the interface on your workstation or network device.

You can access the cmd of a desktop on a workstation by clicking on it then clicking on the desktop tab. Then there is a cmd option under that desktop tab.

Lab 2-2 Observing LAN Activity Usually, whatever interface that has the most traffic is the one you want to capture data on

The ICMP filter can be used to find the traffic for a ping command

you find the mac address by clicking on the packet, then there will be a MAC address, if its a ping command there will be a source and a destination MAC

Lab 3-1 ARP Observation Lab summary: In this lab, Wireshark was used to analyze an ARP broadcast

Admin CMD can be opened by searching cmd in the search bar and right-clicking and selecting the "run as administrator option"

netsh interface ip delete arpcache - command to clear ARP cache

To view just the ARP packets in your capture, you can enter 'arp' in the filter bar at the top of the Wireshark window and hit Enter

Lab 3-2 Observing ARP In Packet Tracer Lab summary: use Packet Tracer to simulate a small network consisting of 4 computers and a switch. You will examine the address table of the switch and ARP tables of the computers. Then you will initiate some communication between the machines and watch the frames.

To assign IP addresses or subnet masks you click on the pc you want to work with, go to the config tab and click on the interface you need to assign the mask/address to

To enter admin mode on a CLI you need to type "enable", it should look like Switch#

To view the MAC address table in the CLI - "show mac-address-table"

Lab 4-1 Simple Routing Lab Basic configuration and observation of a routed network

To set a gateway click on the device and go to the config tab, and in the global settings section will be the area to set a gateway

To set different IPs to different interfaces on a multilayer switch simply go to the config tab and click on the interface of the data you want to change on the left side

To enter simulation mode there is a big button on the bottom left, just click it

You can click the edit filters button to show which types of packets are displayed

Lab 5-1 IP/Subnet Mask Exercises Exploring IPs and how to change them from decimal to binary

For translating octets from an IP address into binary we use eight bits regardless of the size of the number. For example, the number 45 will be represented as 00101101 (32 + 8 + 4 + 1), even though the first two bits are zero. The first bit being the highest decimal which is 128 which divides by 2 in each bit till it gets to 1.

To find the network and host ID of an IP address you need its subnet mask. IP Address: 153.104.27.5 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Everywhere there are ones if you convert the subnet mask to binary then that is the network id, 0's in the binary form of the subnet mask would be the host id.

To create a subnet within a network you can borrow bits from the host bits and just convert it to a subnet bit instead.

Lab 5-2 Subnetting Charts Given a IP address and had to create 6 separate subnets within that network address

To start creating a subnet you need to figure out how many host bits you need to borrow to create however many subnets you need to make. You do this by doubling the number of subnets you have for every host bit you borrow, so 2 host bits provide 4 subnets, 1 bit provides 2 subnets, 3 provides 6 subnets, and so on and so forth. After you figure that out, figure out your new subnet mask and all that then you can start subnetting with the vlsm table.

To get your broadcast address from your network address, first, you need to find the usable range of IP addresses from that vlsm table. The broadcast is one IP above the last usable IP for each range.

Lab 6-1 Simple Subnet Design Create a specified number of equally sized subnetworks on a /24 (Class C) IPv4 Network. To know how many bits you need just double the number of bits you borrowed and that's how many subnets it can produce.

Lab 6-2 Subnetting in Packet Tracer Provided a subnet design, configure proper IP addresses and subnet masks on the router on packet tracer Assign proper IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways to clients in the subnets on packet tracer

Lab 7-1 Tracing Routes Part 1: Test Network Connectivity Using Ping

Part 2: Trace a Route Using Windows Tracert (command line)

Part 3: Compare Traceroute Results

Lab 9-1 Packet Tracer: Static Routing Observe and reflect the implications of internetworking when connecting multiple routers

To enter config first type enable to get the #, then type in config terminal to enter config mode to enter a static route, in config mode enter ip route the network your trying to route to then its subnet mask then enter the next hop of the router your configuring

Lab 9-2 Packet Tracer Static Routing, Part II Configure two routers and multiple subnets using static routes.

The packet will tell the router where to go, if the router has all its routes configured correctly then the packet will move on to the next device.

**Lab 10-1 Packet Tracer RIP ** This lab was about learning the configuration of switches and routers and how to enable RIP routing

Answers to the following questions: How do you enable RIPv2 on a router? While in config mode of a routers terminal type "router rip", then specify the version by typing "version 2", and finally route the networks by typing "network (ip of network you wanna route)" What networks should a RIP-enabled router advertise? The directly connected networks What command do you use to advertise a network? the network then the ip of the network you wanna advertise How do you view the PDU details of a packet in Simulation Mode? Find the packet you wanna inspect, hit info then the pdu tab which has the details.

**Lab 10-2 RIP Routing Packet Tracer 2 ** Configuring a network with RIP version 2 in packet tracer

How do you view the routes in a router's routing table? From config mode type "show ip route"

Lab 11-1 VLANs in Packet Tracer Part 1 Creating a VLAN network and using trunk and access ports

How do you create a VLAN on a switch? From the vlan data base (which is also the command used in the CLI) you add the vlan number and name, then on the interface, you add that VLAN you created How do you configure an access port on a switch? Access ports are added to the fast ethernet interface, you add the right VLAN to the right interface How do you configure a trunk port on a switch? You configure it on the gigabit ethernet interface by making sure it's on the trunk port mode then add all the VLANs you created.

Lab 11-2 VLANs in Packet Tracer Part II Configuring a router with a switch on a vlan to enable all the devices on the different VLANs to connect to each other

What is required for devices on different VLANs to ping each other? They need to be connected to a router by turnk mode that allows the different VLANs to ping/connect to each other