things I want to know more about

the first step of troubleshooting would be to identify the problem, establish a theory of possible problems that can happen.After the other steps you'll have to test the theories,evaluate the results,establish a plan, implement the plan in action and verify if the systems are fully functional now and don't forget to document your findings.

I had to implement these action's to get my computer connection back up and running when I had a problem with my dns server.