Microsoft LifeCam

A good option for a driver's view camera. Can also be used for basic image processing using the image pipelines supported by the FRC libraries.

CMU Pixy

Designed to provide basic image (color) recognition in embedded module, which means that you don't need to write any code in order to find the "bounding box" for stuff that you care about. You just teach the camera what colors (or color codes) you care about, and then ask it, "Where do you see the stuff I want?"

Available from a number of vendors, but probably easiest to order from Amazon.

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