How the web works

How the Internet works?

A network is made up of at least two devices that connect and communicate via a wired or wireless connection. One network switch can connect to another switch to link two networks.

A. True

B. False

The answer is True. Explain: Not only can two network switches be connected, but multiple ones can be connected to form an interconnected network like the internet.

What is a web server and how does it work?

A server is a computer that runs applications and services, ranging from websites to instant messaging. You have just learned about a web server which is a specific type of server. Which of the following statements are true? Choose all that apply.

• A web server can handle security.

Explain: Web servers have multiple functions and this is just one of them. They can also function as website storage and administration and manage emails.

• Web servers don't perform email management.
• A web server can function as website storage and administration.

Explain: Web servers have multiple functions and this is just two of them. They can also handle security and manage emails.

• Web servers can handle thousands of requests from clients per second.

Explain: Web servers have to be able to handle high volumes of web requests.

What are websites and webpages?

Which of the following technologies is used to structure content on a webpage?

A. HTML

B. CSS

C. Javascript

The answer is HTML. Explain: HTML is used to structure content on a webpage.

What is a web browser and how does it work

True or false: A web browser is a software application that you use to browse the world wide web.

A. True

B. False

The answer is True. A web browser is a software application that you use to browse the world wide web.

Web hosting

True or false: Cloud hosting uses a combination of physical and virtual servers?

A. False

B. True

The answer is True. Explain: Cloud hosting uses a combination of physical and virtual servers.

Core internet technologies

Introduction to Internet Protocols

Is the following statement true or false? The payload part of IP packets supports multiple protocols to make sure that information arrives as expected. Two of these are Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). UDP is used to send data that must arrive correctly and in order.

A. True

B. False

The statement is false. Explain: TCP is used for data that must arrive correctly and in order. This is because TCP can deal with data packets arriving out of order, becoming damaged or corrupted, or dropped or lost albeit at the cost of a small delay.

Introduction to HTTP

Which of the following web resources can be transferred using HTTP? Select all that apply.

• HTML Documents
• Images
• Files

Explain: HTML Documents are transferred from the web server to the web browser using HTTP. Images are transferred to and from the web server using HTTP. Files are transferred to and from the web server using HTTP.

Intro to HTML, CSS and Javascript

In the first example of a digital clock, which type of file ensured that the display updated with the correct time?

A. The Javascript file

B. The HTML file

C. The CSS file

The answer is the javascript file. Explain: When referenced by the HTML file, the JavaScript code controls the functioning of the clock.

Webpages, Websites and Apps

Think of your favorite interactive map, social media site or video content site. What features and functionality do you think web applications provide to their users? Select all that apply.

• A high level of interactivity.
• Dynamically updated content.
• Personalized content.

Explain: Yes, in comparison to a standard website a web application is more dynamic, interactive, and personalized.

Developer tools

As a developer, there are several web browser developer tools available to you. For example, there is a console tab that outputs JavaScript logs and errors from a web application. Which of the following statements are true? Choose all that apply.

• The Sources tab shows all content resolved for the current page.
• The Network tab allows you to inspect the timeline and details of HTTP requests and responses for a webpage.
• The Memory tab displays the parts of your code that are consuming the most resources.
• The Performance tab shows all of the information from all of the different tabs in one place.

Explain: The Sources tab includes HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images and videos. The Network tab is an important and useful developer tool. This feature helps you to identify if and where your code needs improvement.

Frameworks and libraries

To reduce development time, developers use libraries in their application development. What’s the main feature of a library?

A. Reusable pieces of code.

B. A structure for developers to build with.

The correct answer is A. Explain: That's right! A library supplies reusable pieces of code that you can use in your application instead of you having to re-create the required code.

APIs and services

You are building a website with a team of developers. The team lead refers to APIs as gateways. Is this a correct use of terminology?

A. Yes

B. No

The correct answer is Yes. Explain: APIs are also known as gateways or middleware because they act as a bridge between systems.

What is a an IDE?

An integrated development environment, or IDE, is software for building applications. This kind of software application has many different features to help you as a developer. Which of the following statements are true? Choose all that apply.

• Special keywords of the programming language are highlighted in different colors to make the code easier to read.
• IDEs have a feature called Error Highlighting.
• IDEs have a feature that can detect variables and functions and offer them as suggestions during autocomplete.
• Refactoring is a process that changes the structure and functionality of the code.

Explain: To improve readability for developers, IDEs have syntax highlighting. Just like checking spelling in a text document, IDEs can highlight mistakes you make in your code. This feature is called IntelliSense.