Building Qt with Visual Studio 2015 - pyqt/python-qt5 GitHub Wiki
Qt 5.5 doesn't ship with binaries for Visual Studio 2015, which is the only compiler on Windows with support for C++11.
Here's how I built it; given these instructions, set-up should take around 10 minutes, whereas compilation took less than 2 hours on my relatively fast machine.
Building
Once you've downloaded Qt and installed the source, build it like this.
set CL=/MP :: Enable multi-process compilation
set INSTALL_DIR=c:\qt\5.5\msvc2015_64 :: Set installation directory
configure.bat -prefix %INSTALL_DIR% -confirm-license -debug-and-release -nomake examples -nomake tests -skip qtwebkit-examples -opensource
nmake :: Wait 1-2 hours
nmake install :: Wait 5-10 minutes
References
An article here provides good information on how to build Qt on Windows using the latest incarnation of Visual Studio, but overcomplicates things for my personal use case; that is, I don't need QtWebKit.