Active Directory Naming Formats - protege987/Active-Directory-Domain-Services GitHub Wiki
Introduction
Looks (Lets) learn about active directory naming.
Computer names
NetBIOS computer names
NetBIOS computer names can contain alphanumeric characters except for the extended characters that appear in the Disallowed characters list. Names can contain a period, but names can't start with a period. Due to a DNS restriction computers that are members of AD domain can't have names that contain only numbers
Name length
Has to be between 1 - 15 characters The 16th character of a NetBIOS computer name is reserved for identifying the functionality that is installed on the registered network device. There is a list of reserved names located here (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-US/troubleshoot/windows-server/active-directory/naming-conventions-for-computer-domain-site-ou#table-of-reserved-words)
Netbios
How does netbios register? When client machine boots up, it broadcast it's netbios information to all machines on the network If another client on the network already has the name, it responds with a broadcast that it already has registered the netbios name. The new machine will stop trying to register and if no other machine on the network responds, the client will finish the process.
Scope ID
This is used as an extended naming service for the NetBIOS over TCP/IP (known as NBT) module. It's purpose is to have all the traffic with the same netbios scope ID together isolating them. The scope is added to the netbios name and is a character string The scope ID on two hosts must match or else they can't communicate. You can have the same netbios name but two different scope ID as adding the scope will make the name unique
DNS host names
Allowed characters alphabetic characters (A-Z) numeric characters (0-9)
Excluded minus sign (-) period (.) used to delimit the components of domain style names
The underscore has a special role for first character in SRV records The DNS host name registration process substitutes a hyphen (-) character for invalid characters
DNS name length
FQDN of DC must be smaller than 155 bytes 2 - 63 characters
Windows doesn't permit computer names that exceed 15 characters, and you can't specify a DNS host name that differs from the NetBIOS host name
Domain names
Netbios Domain name
NetBIOS domain names can contain alphanumeric characters except for the extended characters that appear in the Disallowed characters list. Names can contain a period, but names can't start with a period. If you're upgrading a computer whose NetBIOS name contains a period, change the name by migrating the domain to a new domain structure. Don't use periods in new NetBIOS domain names. The ampersand (&) character in NetBIOS domain names was allowed previously and is supported for historical purposes only. Don't create new Active Directory domains whose NetBIOS domain names contain ampersand (&) characters.
Name length
Same as above 1 - 15 characters 16th character reserved for registered network device
The use of NetBIOS scopes in names is a legacy configuration. It shouldn't be used in Active Directory forests. This is not an inherent problem. However, some applications might filter the name and assume a DNS name if a period is found.
DNS domain names
Similar rules for host name
OU names
Allowed characters All characters are allowed, even extended characters Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) doesn't have any restrictions because the CN of the object is put into quotation marks
Disallowed characters None
Name length
1 - 64 characters
Special issues for OUs
Extensible Storage Engine (ESE)
Source :
- http://support.microsoft.com/kb/909264
- https://blog.schertz.name/2012/08/understanding-active-directory-naming-formats/
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-US/troubleshoot/windows-server/active-directory/cannot-add-user-object-differ-by-diacritic-mark-character
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-nbte/6f06fa0e-1dc4-4c41-accb-355aaf20546d
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-US/troubleshoot/windows-server/active-directory/naming-conventions-for-computer-domain-site-ou#table-of-reserved-words
- https://www.giac.org/paper/gsec/1468/netbios-file-sharing-security-windows/102749
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-2000-server/cc959336(v=technet.10)
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-US/troubleshoot/windows-server/active-directory/naming-conventions-for-computer-domain-site-ou#disjointed-namespaces
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/extensible-storage-engine/extensible-storage-engine
- https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/ask-the-directory-services-team/deep-dive-active-directory-ese-version-store-changes-in-server/ba-p/400510
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/askds/the-version-store-called-and-theyre-all-out-of-buckets