06.04 basic markdown and text formatting - practicalseries/GitHub-Wiki-Design-and-Implementation GitHub Wiki

6.4Emphasis with bold

Any text can be made bold by surrounding it with two asterisks ** (without spaces) i.e.

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
The next word is in bold
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>The next word is in <strong>bold</strong></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
The next word is in bold
^{Table 6.15 — Bold text}

Bold can carry over between lines:

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
This is not in bold the rest is in bold And so is this.
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>This is not in bold <strong>the rest is in bold</strong></p> <p><strong>And so is this.</strong></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
This is not in bold the rest is in bold And so is this.
^{Table 6.16 — Bold text across lines}

Note

The carry over between lines does not work if the Markdown is inside any form of HTML tag <p>, <table> &c., in such cases, each line must have its own set of asterisks.

A double underscore can be used in exactly the same way

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
The next word is in __bold__
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>The next word is in <strong>bold</strong></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
The next word is in bold
^{Table 6.17 — Bold text using underscores}

${\LARGE \color{#C00000}\text{DO\ NOT\ USE\ UNDERSCORES\ FOR\ BOLD}}$

The use of two underscore characters for bold in the middle of a word is misinterpreted by some Markdown applications. Don’t use underscores, always use asterisks.

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6.4.1Markdown rules for bold

	^{List 6.4 — Markdown rules for bold}
❶	Surround the text that is to be in bold with two asterisks `**` before and after
❷	Do not use double underscores (always use asterisks)
❸	Bold text can span lines (but not if inside a HTML tag)
❹	Use `<strong>` in place of asterisks if using bold inside HTML tags

The use of asterisks for bold inside HTML tags is a bit hit and miss; it works if there is at least one blank line separating the Markdown containing the asterisks from the HTML tag itself. I don’t know why.

Generally, it is better to use the <strong> tag for bold text if it is inside any HTML tag.

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6.4.2Bold text examples

^{Markdown, HTML equivalence and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
Lorem ipsum dolor sit	Lorem ipsum dolor sit Consectetur elit.
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>Lorem <strong>ipsum</strong> dolor sit </p>	<p>Lorem <strong>ipsum dolor sit </strong></p> <p><strong> Consectetur</strong> elit.</p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
Lorem ipsum dolor sit	Lorem ipsum dolor sit Consectetur elit.
^{Table 6.18 — Bold text examples}

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6.5Emphasis with italics

Any text can be made italic by surrounding it with a single asterisk i.e.

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
The next word is in italics
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>The next word is in <em>italics</em></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
The next word is in italics
^{Table 6.19 — Italic text}

Italics can carry over between lines:

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
This is not in italics the rest is in italics And so is this.
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>This is not in italics <em>the rest is in italics</em></p> <p><em>And so is this.</em></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
This is not in italics the rest is in italics And so is this.
^{Table 6.20 — Italics text across lines}

Note

The carry over between lines does not work if the Markdown is inside any form of HTML tag <p>, <table> &c., in such cases, each line must have its own set of asterisks.

A single underscore can be used in exactly the same way

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
The next word is in _italics_
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>The next word is in <em>italics</em></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
The next word is in italics
^{Table 6.21 — Italic text using underscores}

${\LARGE \color{#C00000}\text{DO\ NOT\ USE\ UNDERSCORES\ FOR\ ITALICS}}$

The use of an underscore characters for italics in the middle of a word is misinterpreted by some Markdown applications. Don’t use underscores, always use asterisks.

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6.5.1Markdown rules for italics

	^{List 6.5 — Markdown rules for italics}
❶	Surround the text that is to be in italics with a single asterisk `*` before and after
❷	Do not use double underscores (always use asterisks)
❸	Italic text can span lines (but not if inside a HTML tag)
❹	Use `<em>` in place of asterisks if using italics inside HTML tags

The use of asterisks for italics inside HTML tags is a bit hit and miss; it works if there is at least one blank line separating the Markdown containing the asterisks from the HTML tag itself. I don’t know why.

Generally, it is better to use the <em> tag for italic text if it is inside any HTML tag.

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6.5.2Italic text examples

^{Markdown, HTML equivalence and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
Lorem ipsum dolor sit	Lorem ipsum dolor sit Consectetur elit.
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>Lorem <em>ipsum</em> dolor sit </p>	<p>Lorem <em>ipsum dolor sit </em></p> <p><em> Consectetur</em> elit.</p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
Lorem ipsum dolor sit	Lorem ipsum dolor sit Consectetur elit.
^{Table 6.22 — Italic text examples}

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6.6Emphasis with both bold and italics

Any text can be made both bold and italic by surrounding it with three asterisks i.e.

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
This is *both bold and italics*
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>This is <strong><em>both bold and italics</em></strong></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
This is both bold and italics
^{Table 6.23 — Both bold and italic text}

Bold and italics can carry over between lines:

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
This is normal *the rest is in bold and italics And so is this.*
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>TThis is normal <strong><em>the rest is in bold and italics</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>And so is this.</em></strong></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
This is normal the rest is in bold and italics And so is this.
^{Table 6.24 — Both bold and italic text across lines}

Note

The carry over between lines does not work if the Markdown is inside any form of HTML tag <p>, <table> &c., in such cases, each line must have its own set of asterisks.

It’s possible to split where bold and italic occur:

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
This is *bold bold and italic* just bold** This is italic bold and italic* just italic*
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>This is <strong>bold<em> bold and italic</em> just bold</strong></p> <p>This is <em>italic<strong> bold and italic</strong> just italic</em></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
This is bold bold and italic just bold This is italic bold and italic just italic
^{Table 6.25 — Splitting bold and italics}

A triple underscore can be used in exactly the same way

^{Markdown and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
This is ___both bold and italics___
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>This is <strong><em>both bold and italics</em></strong></p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
This is both bold and italics
^{Table 6.26 — Both bold and italics text using underscores}

${\LARGE \color{#C00000}\text{DO\ NOT\ USE\ UNDERSCORES\ FOR\ BOTH\ BOLD\ AND\ ITALICS}}$

The use of an underscore characters for italics in the middle of a word is misinterpreted by some Markdown applications. Don’t use underscores, always use asterisks.

⬆️ Top

6.6.1Markdown rules for both bold and italics

	^{List 6.6 — Markdown rules for both bold and italics}
❶	Surround the text that is to be in both bold and italics with three asterisks `***` before and after
❷	Do not use double underscores (always use asterisks)
❸	Both bold and italics text can span lines (but not if inside a HTML tag)
❹	Use `<strong>` and `<em>` in place of asterisks if using bold and italics inside HTML tags

Generally, it is better to use the <strong> and <em> tags for bold and italics text if it is inside any HTML tag.

⬆️ Top

6.6.2Both bold and italic text examples

^{Markdown, HTML equivalence and GitHub output}
${\large \color{#0050C0}\text{M\ A\ R\ K\ D\ O\ W\ N}}$ 🔽
Lorem *ipsum* dolor sit	Lorem *ipsum Consectetur* elit
${\large \color{#00C050}\text{H\ T\ M\ L}}$ 🔽
<p>Lorem <strong><em>ipsum</em></strong> dolor sit</p>	<p>Lorem <strong><em>ipsum </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Consectetur</em></strong> elit</p>
${\large \color{#B00000}\text{G\ I\ T\ H\ U\ B}\space\ \space\text{O\ U\ T\ P\ U\ T}}$ 🔽
Lorem ipsum dolor sit	Lorem *ipsum* *Consectetur* elit
^{Table 6.27 — Both bold and italic text examples}

Footnotes:

Note

^💠1 Both <s> and <del> tags will strikethrough text. The difference between the tags is purely semantic, <del> tells the browser that the content has been removed after the site was first published (it has textual significance), <s> simply means that the text is has been struck through and has no specific meaning in terms of textual content.↩

06.04 basic markdown and text formatting - practicalseries/GitHub-Wiki-Design-and-Implementation GitHub Wiki

6.4Emphasis with bold

6.4.1Markdown rules for bold

6.4.2Bold text examples

6.5Emphasis with italics

6.5.1Markdown rules for italics

6.5.2Italic text examples

6.6Emphasis with both bold and italics

6.6.1Markdown rules for both bold and italics

6.6.2Both bold and italic text examples

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