Hurrian - pannous/hieros GitHub Wiki

Evidence about the Hurrian language is scarce and indirect, thus possibly leading to many false assumptions and conclusions.

𓅱 𓃡 𓏥

𒄷𒌨𒊑 Ḫu-ur-ri Hurrian also called Hari, Khurrites, Hourri, Churri, Hurri or Hurriter ⇔ Kassite ⇔ ≈ 𓆼 𓄿 𓃭 𓏤 𓌙 𓈉 𓀀 | Syrians | #Kharu Kurd

It is often assumed that the Hurro-Urartian languages, or a pre-split Proto-Hurro-Urartian language, were originally spoken by people who engaged in the Kura-Araxes culture in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Syria and far beyond.

The largest and most influential Hurrian nation was the kingdom of Mitanni, its ruling class perhaps being Indo-Iranian speakers.

Urartian is closely related to Hurrian

Hurrian 2300–1000 BC Urartian 9th–6th BC

Early proposals for an external genetic relationship of Hurro-Urartian variously grouped them with the Kartvelian languages, Elamite, NE Caucasian

Some argue for it have connections to the PIE language family.

Urartian was also rarely written in the "Anatolian hieroglyphs" used for the Luwian language.

Commenting on this:

A first set of phonemes is richly documented  : *H4, *bh, *dh, *ğh, *H1, *H2, *l, *m, *n, *H3, *p, *s, *w. These phonemes belong to the voiced aspirated, laryngeal and resonant series. They represent the phonological core of PIE. It is unclear if word-initial *st should be considered a phoneme on its own.  
- A second set seems to be fairly rare: *gw, *gh, *ghw, *y, *kw.  

The reason that gw, *gh, *ghw, *y, *kw are rare is that they are identical with one of H1 H2 H3 / *ğ, *g, *gw. the voiceless phonemes *ǩ, *k, *t do not seem to combine with laryngeals

PIE √H4ebh-, *H4ew- ‘some kind of oat or grass seed’
IEW *awiğ- ‘Hafer’ *Haewis ‘oats’ Heu Latin avēna ‘oat’:

PIE √H4ed- ‘at, to(ward)’ (a well-established root)
IEW 3 *ad- ‘zu, bei, an’, Mallory–Adams 484 *Haed- (WC) ‘at, to’ Hurrian -da- ‘Dative–Allative’ (Cf. Latin dominō-d)

PIE √H4el- ‘other’ (a well-established root) alternate alas else:
IEW 24–26 *al-: *alyos ‘anderer’, Mallory–Adams 485 *Haélyos ‘other’ Hurrian alaše ‘(if) otherwise’ (BGH 16)
Hurrian and Urartian uli ‘other’ (BGH 484) (ul- < zero-grade)
Hurrian ullui ‘on the other hand’ (BGH 488)
According to Hurrian, the laryngeal is *H4.

PIE √bheH4-l- ‘to deceive, be false’ (a new root)
Cf. Latin falsus ‘false’,
Greek ἀποφώλιος ‘worthless, futile’ Abfall
Hurrian βalˢ- ‘false, wrong’ (BGH 291–92)

Abalgamash, King of Marhashi" (𒀀𒁀𒀠𒂵𒈦 𒈗 𒁀𒊏𒄴𒋧𒆠 Abalgamash Lugal Paraahshum-ki)
might be hurrian

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marhasi ⇔ mergar

𒀀𒊏𒀭 a-ra•hel uriḫullu "penalty" @ Hurrian 𒀭 •HEL > eli

Cyrus = Kura river