Google Sheets API Tutorial - nvbach91/4IZ268-2022-2023-ZS GitHub Wiki
This article will guide you through the process of creating a web application (HTML, JavaScript) that can communicate with a Google Spreadsheet (Read and Write data)
- https://developers.google.com/sheets/api
- https://developers.google.com/sheets/api/quickstart/js
- https://console.developers.google.com/
- https://developers.google.com/sheets/api/guides/values
- https://developers.google.com/sheets/api/reference/rest/v4/spreadsheets.values/append
*Note: You can also follow the QuickStart guide to automatically do the following steps (enable Google Sheets API, Create Consent Screen,Create Client ID, Create API Key)
- Go to https://console.developers.google.com and create a new Project
- Enable Google Sheets API
- Create credentials
- Create Consent screen
- Create OAuth 2.0 Client ID and copy it
- Create an API key and copy it
The following app will allow users to authenticate to your Google API project and read/write data from/to a specific Google Spreadsheet.
-
Source code:
-
How to run:
- Download the folder and open it in VS Code
- Run file index.html with Live Server plugin in VS Code, it will open under http://localhost:5500
- If the URL is different, you need to put it in the Authorized JavaScript Origins in the Client ID Settings
-
How it works:
- We'll use GAPI SDK to achieve these functionalities. Import https://apis.google.com/js/api.js to your HTML page.
- We need the following 4 information to access a public SpreadSheet
-
App.CLIENT_ID = '377940326267-5t4orjmje65mu9eflp7mpdgp646rke3j.apps.googleusercontent.com';
- You created this during the Setup process -
App.API_KEY = 'AIzaSyAY5zq1-HwkZyARqLD7FzSRLrajuR7XGl0';
- You created this during the Setup process -
App.spreadsheetId = '1OZwvAfh0q0hQkCwh34iVBBW24mnMyJh5OuEMXYbu8vg';
- This ID is taken from the link to an existing spreadsheet. Go ahead and create a new spreadsheet, make it public for read and write. Copy its ID from its URL. -
App.SCOPES = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets';
- This is the permissions you need to grant users so they can access your spreadsheet. For orther type of permissions, visit https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/googlescopes
-
- When the page is ready, call
gapi.load('client:auth2', () => { ... });
- In this call back, initialize the gapi client.
gapi.client.init({
apiKey: App.API_KEY,
clientId: App.CLIENT_ID,
discoveryDocs: App.DISCOVERY_DOCS,
scope: App.SCOPES
}).then(() => {
// manipulate the DOM to notify users that they have logged in successfully
// Listen for sign-in state changes.
gapi.auth2.getAuthInstance().isSignedIn.listen(App.updateSigninStatus);
// Handle the initial sign-in state.
App.updateSigninStatus(gapi.auth2.getAuthInstance().isSignedIn.get());
// you can now start making Google Sheets API calls to retrieve data from a spreadsheet
App.listData();
}, (error) => {
// if there is any error, notify the users
console.log(JSON.stringify(error, null, 2));
});
- This is an example function to fetch data from a spreadsheet and show them on the page
App.listData = () => {
// select the HTML table for displaying data
const tableBody = document.querySelector('#table-body');
const rows = [];
// call the method to fetch data
gapi.client.sheets.spreadsheets.values.get({
spreadsheetId: App.spreadsheetId, // this is the ID of your spreadsheet that contains data
range: 'Sheet1!A1:D101', // this is the cell range to be fetched from the spreadsheet
}).then((response) => {
const range = response.result; // the result contains arrays of data, you'll have to process it
if (range.values.length > 0) {
for (i = 0; i < range.values.length; i++) {
const row = range.values[i];
rows.push(row);
}
// display the rows of data in the table on the page
tableBody.innerHTML = rows.map((row) => `<tr>${row.map((value) => `<td>${value}</td>`).join('')}</tr>`).join('');
} else {
console.log('No data found.');
}
}, (response) => {
console.log('Error: ' + response.result.error.message);
});
};
- This is an example function that will append a new row to a spreadsheet
// the .append method will append a new row to a table whose cell is the specified range
gapi.client.sheets.spreadsheets.values.append({
spreadsheetId: App.spreadsheetId,
range: 'Sheet1!A1',
valueInputOption: 'RAW',
insertDataOption: 'INSERT_ROWS',
resource: {
values: [
['123', 'Dave', '2019-11-19', 175] // this is a row
]
}
}).then((response) => {
var result = response.result;
console.log(`${result.updates.updatedCells} cells appended.`);
// refresh the table to verify the newly appended data
App.listData();
});