Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group - mucosal-immunology-lab/bacterial-database GitHub Wiki
| Bacterial Information | Value |
|---|---|
| Taxonomy level | Genus |
| NCBI Taxonomy ID | 877420 |
| Phylum | Firmicutes |
| Family | Erysipelotrichaceae |
| Gram stain | Gram-positive |
| Oxygen requirements | Strictly anaerobic |
| Spore-forming | Unknown |
| Motile | Unknown |
Fermentation of polysaccharides by this group, and others such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, mainly produces of acetate, propionate, and butyrate (Org 2017)(Barbosa 2016).
Decreased in high-fat diets.
Has been observed markedly reduced in obese mice following 10 weeks of high fat diet (29% carbohydrate, 16% protein, 55% fat) compared to controls (70% carbohydrate, 20% protein, 10% fat)(Hu 2019).
Produce butyrate which is associated with health and milder presentations of dementia.
Members of the Lachnospiraceae family, including the genus NK4A136 group, were significantly less abundant in stool of dementia patients, and were associated with health (Stadlbauer 2020). Further, it was found to be associated with normal nutritional state when comparing malnourished and non-malnourished patients (Stadlbauer 2020). Milder forms of dementia were associated with increased abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, and therefore this SCFA may be beneficial as they are critically involved in microglia maturation and function (Erny 2015)(Köhler 2016).
A dietary intervention with bilberry anthocyanin extract was able to increase Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group abundance, increase SCFA production, and improve gut barrier function in ageing rats (Li 2019).
Extracellcular vesicles are increased in serum from brain tumour patients, but decreased in brain tissue itself.
Given that bacteria are generally unable to cross the blood-brain barrier, however some nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from microorganisms can do so and enter the brain. EVs from NK4A136 group bacteria were increased in serum samples from brain tumour patients compared to healthy controls, along with EVs from Ruminococcaceae UCG-104, Ruminococcaceae UCG-013, Lactobacillus, Ruminoclostridium 6, and Peptoclostridium (Yang 2020). However, in matched brain tumour tissue samples, NK4A136 group EVs were significantly reduced compared to both serum and healthy controls.