TEAM MEMBERS:

NAME	ROLL NO.	USN
KANTI SIDDESH	1356	01FE18BEE037
SOUNDARYA	1316	01FE18BCS219
KARTHIK DESAI	1357	01FE18BEE038
S D SANKETH	1370	01FE18BEC141

GESTURE BASED ROBOTICS

   Gesture Based Robotics (also known as Accelerometer Controlled Robotics)
   deals with robots which involve human-machine interaction - where a robot
   is controlled through hand movements sensed by an accelerometer.

    The workshop helps us understand the concepts and applications
    of an accelerometer sensor,  microcontrollers and other electronic components
    used in Robotics.
    It includes practical training on building robots based on gesture recognition
    technology,providing students a glimpse into Human Machine Interaction technologies.

Sl no.	Application	Images	Electronic Components Used	Principle Identified	Mechanical Components Used	Principle Identified	Links
1	Military Purpose - Unmanned Ground Vehicle		a)ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER b)ZIGBEE RADIO MODEM c)78XX ICS d)ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPASS e)MODULE GPS RECIEVER SYSTEM f)H-BRIDGE g)LITHIUM POLYMER BATTERY h)FTDI CHIP i)WEBCAM j) 2X RELAY BOARD IR SENSORS k)NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERY	Micro controller processes the signal sent by the transmitter to the robot to move in preffered direction	a)DC MOTOR b)Roller	Translatory rotationary motion	a)https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265425730_GESTURE_CONTROLLED_ROBOT_FOR_MILITARY_PURPOSE b)https://youtu.be/pemRM1n6FeY
2	Medical purpose-gesture recognition system for physically challenged person		a)A)ARDUINO NANO B)434 MHz RF TRANSMITTER C)HT-12E ENCODER IC D)MPU6050 ACCCELEROMETER/GRYOSCOPE SENSOR E)750K OHMS RESISTOR F)HT-12D DECODER IC G)434 MHz RF RECEIVER H)33K OHMS RESISTOR I)330K OHMS RESISTOR J)LED	To sense the gestures and transfer the information to the receiver	A)4 GEARED MOTOR WITH WHEELS B)ROBOT CHASSIS C)L293D MOTOR DRIVER IC	To make the movements same as that of received from the transmitter	a)https://int.search.myway.com/search/video.jhtml?enc=2&n=7849a773&p2=%5EHJ%5Expv912%5ETTAB03%5Ein&pg=video&pn=1&ptb=074832E2-4914-4174-B3D0-D4926ECE864E&qs=&searchfor=fSqVJjDrqpXWZHdYJD9cKeObGNede1wBcDfkxZzLKHPdSGh4vUxRKF1nFyg9JpoiO1orfn_rsZH3aNBtfYbNa-tnwhyGQh432FawGMiepLW2JJGd53a7q27Q4Na8fAvoE9c9azoMlJEHzmnqm3pV-j6KFJ6KvyT9_9dqD5BkvAVBaCtXVwzrXqh2G00YQbNW1hJf3lwtRLqS-QCzcuh0643e2llvEok-9lk2XbUz9xabzN6hMPZu9X6XJOvBiDxsM_ty_nbsSkY3mV3MOGcpPBRPxESrrneZVCL4DOpTfm_NsPNYIbQBQFu1dTRewCjk7-Z7QOW1EsoWqAT4QHpQ-Q&si=084103684&ss=sub&st=tab&tpr=sbt&trs=wtt b)https://youtu.be/TNpaePxo_fI
3	Gesture based robotic arm.		a)Arduino Uno.b)Flex sensors.c)Glove.d)RF 433 MHz Transmitter module.e)RF 433 MHz Receiver module	a) Arduino Uno is a microcontroller which can take both analog and digital inputs and you can use this to acquire the data from all the sensors.b)Flex are basically variable resistors which have a resistance of 30K Ohm when they are straight and the resistance when they are bent for 90 degree is around 70Km.c)The glove is for fixing the Flex sensor on every finger of the glove.	a)Servo motor. b)Robotic Arm Frame. c)L293D Motor Driver.	a)We need motor drivers to drive the motors, as the microcontroller only works on 5V, it can only give signals to the motor but the motor needs more than 5V to run this is why we use motor drivers. b)Servo motor is a rotary or linear actuator which allows for precise control of angular positions. These motors are used as high performance alternative for DC motors, you can use the servo motors to actuate the twist and turn of the Rubik’s cube. c)You have to build a frame which can actuate according to the gesture of the hand, the robot should also be able to hold, lift, turn, and place any object.	a)https://www.skyfilabs.com/project-ideas/gesture-based-robotic-arm
4	An Interactive Astronaut-Robot System with Gesture Control		a)Bend sensors. b)Stm32 controller. c)NRF24L01. d)Servos. Aurdino	a)Its a microcontroller which can take both analog and digital inputs and you can use this to acquire the data from all the sensors.	a) D C motor	a) Helps in movement.	a)https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4842936/
5	General purpose-house automation		a)ARDUINO UNO B)5 MM LED C)TWO 10K OHM PRESET D)12 V RELAY E)TRANSISTOR F)APDS-9960 GESTURE SENSOR	The gesture sensor turns on or turns off the appliances by hovering the finger over gesture module	a)TWO PIN PLUG B)7805 AND 7812 VOLTAGE REGULATORS C)BULB HOLDERS	To connect the home appliances of the house to the setup	a)https://youtu.be/KuZwqudkzMY b)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-hxIlTmsbc
6	Gesture controlled robot	a) b)	a). Arduino Lilypad b). Accelerometer c). RF 433 Module d). HT12E and HT12D e) L293DNE f)Prototyping Board g). Battery	Micro controller processes the signal sent by the transmitter to the robot to move in preffered direction	a)Motor driver L293DNE b) BO Motor and Wheels	a) Helps in movement	a) https://youtu.be/QUQta4f_87E b). https://youtu.be/nL34zDTPkcs
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Military purpose unmanned robot

components used	images	functions
1)Arduino microcontroller		Arduino is an electronic component which is widely used nowadays.It is an opensource platform used in electronic projects.Arduino is basically a microcontroller.It has both physical programmable circiut board(microcontroller) and a piece of software or IDE which is used to write the program to our computer so that the microcontroller works accordingly
2)Zigbee radio modem		Radio modems transfer data wirelessly across a range of up to tens of kilometres. Using radio modems is a modern way to create Private Radio Networks (PRN). Private radio networks are used in critical industrial applications, when real-time data communication is needed. Radio modems enable user to be independent of telecommunication or satellite network operators.
3)78XX ICS		The 78xx family is commonly used in electronic circuits requiring a regulated power supply due to their ease-of-use and low cost.(Regulator is a device which is used to provide constant voltage output.)It is a family of self-contained fixed linear voltage regulator integrated circuits.
4)Electromagnetic compass		An Electromagnetic Compass (EMC) System detects the Earth's magnetic field directly, and then transmits the ship's Heading over a NMEA 0183 digital connection to one or more Heading Repeaters, installed at any convenient location on a vessel.
5)Module GPS reciever system		GPS means Global Positioning System.The GPS module is self-contained and has high performance and is used for navigating,postioning and tracking purpose.
6)H-Bridge		An H bridge is an electronic circuit that switches the polarity of a voltage applied to a load. These circuits are often used in robotics and other applications to allow DC motors to run forwards or backwards.
7)Lithium polymer Battery		Lithium polymer Battery is rechargable battery with Lithium-ion technology using polymer electrolyte instead of liqiud electrolyte.It provides high specific energy than any other lithium battery.
8)FTDI Chip		FTDI stands for Future Technology Devices International.They develop and manufacture different devices that are useful for converting different kinds of signals to USB signals.
9)WEBCAM		webcam is a video camera that streams its image from computer to computer network rapidly.The video streamed may be saved and even sent to others via internet and also can be mailed
10)Relay board IR sensors		Relays work on electromagnetism, When the Relay coil is energized it acts like a magnet and changes the position of a switch.IR sensor emits infra red radiation in order to check surrounding and it can detect heat as well as movement.
11)NICKEL-CADMIUM Battery		The nickel–cadmium battery is a type of rechargeable battery using nickel oxide hydroxide and metallic cadmium as electrodes.It has Charge/discharge efficiency of 70–90%.
12)DC Motor		It is rotary electrical machine that converts direct current to mechanical energy to drive output.
13)Roller		Rollers are the mechanical tools used for motion of a body(rotational motion) since they have very less of friction
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Medical purpose-gesture recognition system for physically challenged person

components used	images	fuctions
ARDUINO NANO		The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board.It is micro controller which is used for programming.This contains all the support needed for the microntroller
434 MHz RF TRANSMITTER		The transmitter operates at a frequency of 434 MHz. An RF transmitter receives serial data and transmits it wirelessly through RF through its antenna connected at pin4.
HT-12E ENCODER IC		HT12E is a 212 series encoder Integrated Circuit for remote control applications. It is commonly used for radio frequency (RF) applications. By using the paired HT12E encoder and HT12D decoder we can easily transmit and receive 12 bits of parallel data serially.
MPU6050 ACCCELEROMETER/GRYOSCOPE SENSOR		It is a device used to measures the angular rotational velocity and it is also used to compute motion processing algorithms.
750K OHMS RESISTOR		The main function of resistors in a circuit is to control the flow of current to other components. If too much current flows through any device it may get destroyed. So a resistor is used to limit the current.
LED		A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it.It is used in the circuit to check whether the current in the circuit is in on or off condition.

Robotic Arm.

Components used	image	functions
Arduino uno		It is a micro controller.It has 14 i/o pins. it is used for the programming.It also contains all the support needed for the micro controller
Flex sensor		It is variable resistor,this sensor's resistance increases as the body of the component bends
Glove		It is to put the controller hand,on which the flex sensors are glued moving the fingers bends the flex sensor
RF 433 MHz transmitter and receiver module		These transmitter and receiver are used to transmit and receive the data.These are used because of its high volume application than the IR.RF signals can even travel in the transmitter and receiver even when there is obstruction.
Servo motor		The function of the servo motor is to receive the controll signal that represents the shaft position and then to apply the power to dc motor until its shaft turns to that position
Robotic arm frame		It is the mechanical arm which is programmable with the similar function of the human arm.
L293D motor driver		It is the typical motor or the motor driver ic which can control the dc motor in either direction.It is a 16pin IC which can control two DCs simultaneously.

An interactive astronaut robot system with gesture control

components	image	function
Aurdino		It is micro controller .It has 14 i/o pins.It is used for programming.This contains all the support needed for the microntroller
Bend sensors		It is the type of sensor which is glued on the surface,that measures the amount of the deflection and the resistance of the sensor is varied by bending it
Stm32 microcontroller		Stm32 micontrollers offers the large number of the series and parallel communication peripherals which can be interfaced with all kinds of the electronic components including sensors,displays,cameras and motors.
NRF24L01		It is a wireless radio transceiver module for world wide range 2.4-2.5GHz ISM band.it includes the frequency modulator,power amplifier,crystal oscilator modulator and demodulator.
Servo motor		Its function is to receive a control signal that represents desired output positon of the servo shaft apply the power to its DC motor until its shaft turns to its position
DC Motor		It is the electrical rotary machine which converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy

House automation

components used	images	functions
arduino uno		it is connected to APDS 9960 which senses the gestures of the hand and accordingly switches on and off the house appliances
5 MM LED		it blinks the light when some gesture of hand is identified
10K OHMS Preset		load resistance connected or adjusted before hand
12 V RELAY		it is a dc source connected for working of APDS 9960
TRANSISTORS		it regulates the current and voltage flow in the system
two pin plug		since there is no requirement of grounding these plugs are solely used for that purpose
7805 and 7812 voltage regulators		to maintain a constant voltage level
APDS 9960		it is a five pin sensor for voltage input,grounding,data input and time lapse between the gestures
bulb holders		to connect the electrical bulbs

Gesture control robot

components used	images	functions
Arduino lilypad		it handles the transmitter circuit along with the other components that processes the signal generated by the 3 axis accelerometer
Accelerometer		the pins of accelerometer are connected to the pins of the lilypad and are used to generate signals of the movements of the four wheeled robot
RF 433 Module		this will transmit data received from the lilypad to the Receiver circuit
HT12E and HT12D		HT12E encoder converts 12bit parallel data from the lilypad and HT12D decoder decodes the signal received from the transmitter circuit
Motor Drivers L293DNE		it receives the data from the HT12D decoder device which is used to drive the motors
motors and wheels		for the movement of the car body