#Pi 3 Bluetooth Note that on the Pi 3 to use on-board Bluetooth you may need to install Bluetooth first with sudo apt-get install pi-bluetooth but fair warning, the on-board Bluetooth has been known to freeze up the Pi (on RetroPie 3.7 or under), but it can be fixed.

###Pi 3 Bluetooth Freeze Fix (for RetroPie 3.7 or below)

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install raspberrypi-sys-mods

If it asks you anything about the /etc/udev/rules.d/99-com.rules configuration file, type Y to overwrite.

Adding a Bluetooth controller to RetroPie

The simplest way of setting up a Bluetooth controller is through the Bluetooth Configuration menu of the RetroPie Setup script. There are also manual methods that may vary depending on what Bluetooth controller you are using, some of which are described further below on this page.

You can access the bluetooth configuration menu from the RetroPie Menu of EmulationStation. It can also be accessed from RetroPie-Setup Script >> Setup >> Configure Bluetooth Devices

1. Register and Connect Bluetooth Devices: You can select your bluetooth device's mac address from here

You will get a window popping up telling you if the connection was successful or not. If it was not successful make sure that you chose the correct mac address, if it still doesn't work you may have to configure it manually (see below).

2. Disconnect Bluetooth Devices: You can disconnect your bluetooth device from this menu

3. Display Registered & Connected Bluetooth Devices: This will display the current bluetooth devices connected.

Manual Bluetooth Configuration

!!Please note this is for pre v4.0 RetroPie - New 8bitdo details here!!:

https://github.com/RetroPie/RetroPie-Setup/wiki/Setting-up-an-8bitdo-Bluetooth-controller

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The following guide is geared to using a controller from 8bitdo but should work with a range of bluetooth devices.
The examples below are assuming you have just a keyboard and bluetooth dongle plugged into your Pi.

Controller Firmware
Make sure you have the latest firmware for your controller. You will need a USB cable to do this. The firmware for 8bitdo controllers is here: http://8bitdo.com/Support.html

This section is for Jessie based RetroPie (version 3.4 and later)

Video Guide: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4K3h4CIJwA

Step 1 - Pair and connect to controller

Quit Emulation Station with F4 and type this at the command line:
sudo /home/pi/RetroPie-Setup/retropie_setup.sh
"U" Update RetroPie-Setup Script
"3" Setup
"Configure Bluetooth devices"

Make sure your controller is turned on in the correct pairing mode (Power on for FC30 Pro, Start+R for SFC30), then choose: 1 Register and Connect to Bluetooth device
Follow the prompts and your controller should connnect
This is shown by a solid blue light on the 8bitdo controllers
Quit out of the setup script

Step 2 - Manual file edit for 8bitdo controllers

At the command prompt, type
sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/10-local.rules
In that file add

SUBSYSTEM=="input", ATTRS{name}=="8Bitdo SFC30 GamePad Joystick", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_INPUT_JOYSTICK}="1"
Note: The value in the name field should read exactly as your controller reports it.

Step 2.5 - Forcing the Pi to reconnect to the controller

If you find your controller doesn't automatically reconnect when you restart the Pi, this process should force the connection.
Some users have reported it will work without this if you wait for Emulation Station to fully load before turning on your controller - this is possibly model or firmware specific.

sudo nano /bin/connect-bluetooth.sh

In that file add
#!/bin/bash
sudo bluetoothctl << EOF
power on
connect [MAC Address]
exit
EOF

Save that file.
Make it executable

sudo chmod +x /bin/connect-bluetooth.sh

Then create a new file
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/connect-bluetooth.service

Add this text:
[Unit]
Description=Connect Bluetooth

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/bin/connect-bluetooth.sh

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Save that file.

Then run this command to enable that process
sudo systemctl enable /etc/systemd/system/connect-bluetooth.service

Video Guide for this: https://youtu.be/RsybSJEPZJM

Step 3 - Configure controller for Emulation Station and Retroarch

Now reboot your system, turn the controller on just before the RetroPie splashscreen appears and the controller will connect (solid blue led light) and ES will prompt to configure it.

This section is for Wheezy based RetroPie (pre version 3.4)

Video Guide: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EiDJFdWXweI

Step 1 - Download and install the Bluetooth packages

Quit Emulation Station with F4 (stop it restarting by pressing another key within 5 secs) and type this at the command line:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bluetooth bluez-utils (Press Y if prompted)
sudo apt-get install bluez python-gobject

Step 2 - Pairing and connecting the Bluetooth controller

Set your Bluetooth controller to pair in "joypad" mode. For example, for the FC30 Pro, you do this by holding the power switch for 3 secs. The guide is here: FC30 Pro Manual

Type this at the command prompt
hcitool scan
This should find your controller and show its name and MAC address

Pair the controller with this command, replace the XX data with your MAC address
sudo bluez-simple-agent -c DisplayYesNo hci0 XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

Tell the system to trust your controller so you dont have to pair every time
sudo bluez-test-device trusted XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX yes

Then connect to your controller with
sudo bluez-test-input connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

Your controller should then connect, with the 8bitdo controllers this is shown by a solid blue light that will begin to glow.

Step 3 - Making sure the connection attempt automatically starts when you reboot your Pi

You may find the controller connects on startup without issue, but if not try this. There are different ways to do this, but this should work to start the connection attempt when the Pi starts up.
Edit this startup file
sudo nano /etc/rc.local

above the line "exit 0" add

bluez-test-input connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

Save the file with Ctrl-X and press Return to confirm the filename.

Now reboot the Pi.

Step 4 - Configuring the controller using Emulation Station

Now the Pi is restarting, make sure your controller is turned on, and trying to pair (I tend to turn the controller on just before the RetroPie splashscreen appears), it should connect about when the Emulation Station splashscreen appears. Then Emulation Station will display with the "1 Gamepad Detected" message.

Hold a button down on the controller and follow the instructions to input your buttons.
When the is done, you click the "OK" button with the "A" button on the controller to enter Emulation Station.
This process will have configured your controller for navigating ES. It will also have created a controller file for RetroArch to use when you play games (If you are using at least RetroPie 3 beta 3).

However, the content of that file may not have the correct buttons mappings (I'm not sure why this doesn't always work, as its fine with most other controllers). So we will update that file correctly now.

Step 5 - Updating the controller file for RetroArch

Press F4 to quit Emulation Station, and at the command prompt type
cd /opt/retropie/configs/all/retroarch-joypads/
ls -lah

This should display the configuration file you created, delete it (although the next steps should overwrite this anyway) with:
rm {filename}
for example
rm 8BitdoFC30Pro.cfg

Now we will recreate this using the retroarch controller script, type
sudo /home/pi/RetroPie-Setup/retropie_setup.sh

Choose the "Setup" option, then "Configure input devices for RetroArch" (Do not choose the "Install RetroArch joypad autoconfigs)
Then choose the "Configure joystick/controller for use with RetroArch" option
Follow the on-screen prompts to press the buttons when prompted.
If you make a mistake, just run it again, it happily overwrites the file it needs to.

There should be no need to edit the retroarch.cfg to get your controller working.

That should be all you need. Now when you start your Pi, set the controller to connect and it should be detected by Emulation Station and RetroArch based emulators.

Troubleshooting

If you have installed other bluetooth programs, perhaps to support a PS3 controller, you may find there are conflicts and the above steps produce an error when you try to pair. One way around this is to uninstall the sixad program with:
sudo apt-get --purge remove sixad

If you are unsure your USB Bluetooth dongle is detected with the Pi, you can list the USB devices with:
lsusb

The 8bitdo SFC30 controller appears to prefer to start with START + R (Right Shoulder) pressed to get into joystick mode.

Sometimes there can be issues with the pairing process, to start that again you can remove the joypad like this
bluez-test-device remove XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

Keep bluetooth scanning
This should keep the Pi scanning for bluetooth devices in case the pair is lost.
sudo nano /etc/init.d/rc.local
add “sudo hciconfig hci0 up piscan” (without the quotes) above the line that says “exit 0”
ctrl x
y
enter
sudo reboot

Some useful threads
http://blog.petrockblock.com/forums/topic/8bitdo-bluetooth-controller-setup-retropie-v3/
http://blog.petrockblock.com/forums/topic/the-old-story-setting-up-2x-8bitdo-nes30-bluetooth/
http://forum.8bitdo.com/thread-328-1-1.html
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/bluetooth#Bluetoothctl
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/bluetooth_keyboard
http://8bitdo.com/Support.html
https://www.reddit.com/r/RetroPie/comments/4d5hcf/how_to_setup_8bitdo_nes30_fc30_pro_controllers_on/
https://github.com/libretro/retroarch-joypad-autoconfig/tree/master/udev