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What is a Server

A server is a computer program or device that provides a service to another computer program and its user, also known as the client. In a data center, the physical computer that a server program runs on is also frequently referred to as a server. That machine might be a dedicated server or it might be used for other purposes.

NGINX

NGINX is open source software for web serving, reverse proxying, caching, load balancing, media streaming, and more. It started out as a web server designed for maximum performance and stability.

The goal behind NGINX was to create the fastest web server around, and maintaining that excellence is still a central goal of the project.

Network Architectures

The three-tier architecture

  • Core
  • Distribution
  • Access

SDN (Software Defined Networking)

  • Networking devices have different functional planes os operation (data, control and managment planes)
  • Split the functions into seperate logical units

Spine and Leaf architecture

Cisco-Spine-and-Leaf-Architecture-01

Advantages

  • Simple cabling
  • Reduntant
  • Fast

Disadvantages

  • Additional switches may be costly

Networking Devices

  • Hub (OSI Layer 1)
  • Bridge (OSI Layer 2)
  • Switch (OSI Layer 2)
  • Router (OSI Layer 3)
  • Access Point (OSI Layer 2)
  • Cable Modem
  • DSL Modem
  • Repeater
  • Converting Media

Network Connectors

  • LC (Local Connector)
  • ST (Straight Tip)
  • SC (Subscriber Connectors)
  • MT-RJ (Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack)
  • UPC (Ultra Polished Connector)
  • APC (Angled Polished Connector)
  • RJ11 (Registered Jack type 11)
  • RJ45 (Registered Jack type 45)
  • F-connector

Ethernet Standards

Ethernet is the most popular networking technology

10 and 100 megabit ethernet

  • 10BASE-T (twisted pair)
  • 100BASE-TX
  • 1000BASE-T (gigabit Ethernet over Category 5 cabling)
  • 10GBASE-T
  • 40GBASE-T
  • 100BASE-FX
  • 100BASE-SX
  • 1000BASE-SX
  • 1000BASE-LX
  • 10GBASE-SR
  • 10GBASE-LR (Long Range)

WDN

Wavelength-Division Multiplexing, where we can have bidirectional communication over a single stranded fiber for multiple types of signals. This uses different wavelengths for each carrier that we happen to be sending across that fiber. You can think of this as sending different colors of a signal over the same strand of fiber.