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src/
├── main.c                        Entry point -- SDL subsystem lifecycle
├── game.h                        Shared constants + GameState struct (included everywhere)
├── game.c                        Window, renderer, textures, sounds, game loop
├── collectibles/
│   ├── coin.h / .c               Coin collectible: placement, AABB collection, render
│   ├── yellow_star.h / .c        Yellow star health pickup
│   └── last_star.h / .c          End-of-level star collectible
├── core/
│   ├── debug.h / .c              Debug overlay: FPS counter, collision hitboxes, event log
│   └── entity_utils.h / .c      Shared entity helper functions
├── effects/
│   ├── fog.h / .c                Atmospheric fog overlay: init, slide, spawn, render
│   ├── parallax.h / .c           Multi-layer scrolling background: init, tiled render, cleanup
│   └── water.h / .c              Animated water strip: init, scroll, tile render
├── entities/
│   ├── spider.h / .c             Spider enemy: ground patrol, animation, render
│   ├── jumping_spider.h / .c     Jumping spider: patrol, jump arcs, sea-gap awareness
│   ├── bird.h / .c               Slow bird enemy: sine-wave sky patrol, animation
│   ├── faster_bird.h / .c        Fast bird enemy: tighter sine-wave, faster animation
│   ├── fish.h / .c               Fish enemy: patrol, random jump arcs, render
│   └── faster_fish.h / .c        Fast fish enemy: higher jumps, faster patrol
├── hazards/
│   ├── spike.h / .c              Static ground spike hazard rows
│   ├── spike_block.h / .c        Rail-riding rotating spike hazard
│   ├── spike_platform.h / .c     Elevated spike surface hazard
│   ├── circular_saw.h / .c       Fast rotating patrol saw hazard
│   ├── axe_trap.h / .c           Swinging/spinning axe hazard
│   └── blue_flame.h / .c         Blue flame hazard: erupts from sea gaps, rise/flip/fall cycle
├── levels/
│   ├── level.h                   Shared level definitions
│   ├── level_01.h / .c           Level 1 data
│   └── level_loader.h / .c       Level loading and switching
├── player/
│   └── player.h / .c             Player input, physics, animation, rendering
├── screens/
│   ├── start_menu.h / .c         Start menu screen with logo
│   ├── sandbox.h / .c            Level layout and entity placement
│   └── hud.h / .c                HUD renderer: hearts, lives counter, score text
└── surfaces/
    ├── platform.h / .c           One-way platform pillar init and 9-slice rendering
    ├── float_platform.h / .c     Hovering platform: static, crumble, and rail behaviours
    ├── bridge.h / .c             Tiled crumble walkway: init, cascade-fall, render
    ├── bouncepad.h / .c          Shared bouncepad mechanics (squash/release animation)
    ├── bouncepad_small.h / .c    Green bouncepad (small jump)
    ├── bouncepad_medium.h / .c   Wood bouncepad (medium jump)
    ├── bouncepad_high.h / .c     Red bouncepad (high jump)
    ├── rail.h / .c               Rail path builder, bitmask tile render, position interpolation
    ├── vine.h / .c               Climbable vine decoration
    ├── ladder.h / .c             Climbable ladder decoration
    └── rope.h / .c               Climbable rope decoration

Every .c file in src/ and its subdirectories is automatically picked up by the Makefile wildcards -- no changes to the build system are needed when adding new source files.

main.c

Role: Owns the program entry point and every SDL subsystem's lifetime.

Responsibilities

  • Parse CLI flags: --debug and --sandbox
  • Call SDL_Init, IMG_Init, TTF_Init, Mix_OpenAudio in order
  • Route to start menu or sandbox (game) mode
  • Tear down SDL subsystems in reverse order before returning

Subsystem Init Order

Order Call Purpose
1 SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_AUDIO) Core: window + audio device
2 IMG_Init(IMG_INIT_PNG) PNG decoder
3 TTF_Init() FreeType / font support
4 Mix_OpenAudio(44100, MIX_DEFAULT_FORMAT, 2, 2048) Audio mixer

On failure at any step, all previously-succeeded subsystems are torn down before returning EXIT_FAILURE.

game.h

Role: The single shared header. Defines constants and GameState. Included by all other .c files.

Constants

See Constants Reference for full details.

#define WINDOW_TITLE  "Super Mango"
#define WINDOW_W      800
#define WINDOW_H      600
#define TARGET_FPS    60
#define GAME_W        400
#define GAME_H        300
#define TILE_SIZE     48
#define FLOOR_Y       (GAME_H - TILE_SIZE)   // = 252
#define GRAVITY       800.0f
#define WORLD_W       1600
#define CAM_LOOKAHEAD  40
#define CAM_SMOOTHING  8.0f
#define CAM_SNAP_THRESHOLD  0.5f
#define SEA_GAP_W     32
#define MAX_SEA_GAPS  8

Includes

#include "player/player.h"              // Player struct
#include "surfaces/platform.h"          // Platform struct + MAX_PLATFORMS
#include "effects/water.h"              // Water struct
#include "effects/fog.h"                // FogSystem struct
#include "entities/spider.h"            // Spider struct + MAX_SPIDERS
#include "entities/fish.h"              // Fish struct + MAX_FISH
#include "collectibles/coin.h"          // Coin struct + MAX_COINS
#include "surfaces/vine.h"              // VineDecor struct + MAX_VINES
#include "surfaces/bouncepad.h"         // Bouncepad struct (shared mechanics)
#include "surfaces/bouncepad_small.h"   // Small bouncepad
#include "surfaces/bouncepad_medium.h"  // Medium bouncepad
#include "surfaces/bouncepad_high.h"    // High bouncepad
#include "screens/hud.h"                // Hud struct
#include "effects/parallax.h"           // ParallaxSystem
#include "surfaces/rail.h"              // Rail, RailTile
#include "hazards/spike_block.h"        // SpikeBlock
#include "surfaces/float_platform.h"    // FloatPlatform
#include "surfaces/bridge.h"            // Bridge
#include "entities/jumping_spider.h"    // JumpingSpider
#include "entities/bird.h"              // Bird
#include "entities/faster_bird.h"       // FasterBird
#include "collectibles/yellow_star.h"   // YellowStar
#include "hazards/axe_trap.h"           // AxeTrap
#include "hazards/circular_saw.h"       // CircularSaw
#include "hazards/blue_flame.h"         // BlueFlame
#include "surfaces/ladder.h"            // LadderDecor
#include "surfaces/rope.h"              // RopeDecor
#include "entities/faster_fish.h"       // FasterFish
#include "collectibles/last_star.h"     // LastStar
#include "hazards/spike.h"              // SpikeRow
#include "hazards/spike_platform.h"     // SpikePlatform
#include "core/debug.h"                 // DebugOverlay

Function Declarations

void game_init(GameState *gs);
void game_loop(GameState *gs);
void game_cleanup(GameState *gs);

game.c

Role: Implements the three game lifecycle functions.

game_init(GameState *gs)

Creates all runtime resources:

  1. Window + renderer + logical size (400x300)
  2. Parallax background (7 layers)
  3. Floor tile (grass_tileset.png) and platform tile (platform.png)
  4. Entity textures: spider.png, jumping_spider.png, bird.png, faster_bird.png, fish.png, faster_fish.png, coin.png, bouncepad_medium.png, bouncepad_small.png, bouncepad_high.png, vine.png, ladder.png, rope.png, rail.png, spike_block.png, float_platform.png, bridge.png, yellow_star.png, axe_trap.png, circular_saw.png, blue_flame.png, spike.png, spike_platform.png
  5. Sound effects: bouncepad.wav, axe_trap.wav, bird.wav, spider.wav, fish.wav, player_jump.wav, coin.wav, player_hit.wav
  6. Background music: game_music.wav (via Mix_LoadMUS)
  7. Entity init: player, water, fog, HUD, debug, level (via sandbox)
  8. Gamepad controller init

game_loop(GameState *gs)

60 FPS loop: delta time -> events -> update -> render. See Architecture for the full render order.

game_cleanup(GameState *gs)

Frees all resources in reverse init order.

player/player.h / player/player.c

Role: Player character lifecycle. See Player Module for the deep dive.

Key functions: player_init, player_handle_input, player_update, player_render, player_get_hitbox, player_reset, player_cleanup

screens/sandbox.h / screens/sandbox.c

Role: Level layout and entity placement. Separates content (WHERE entities are placed) from engine logic (HOW they behave).

Key functions:

  • sandbox_load_level(GameState *gs) -- place all entities, define sea gaps, set up the level (called once from game_init)
  • sandbox_reset_level(GameState *gs, int *fp_prev_riding) -- reset all entities on player death

screens/start_menu.h / screens/start_menu.c

Role: Start menu screen with centred title text and start_menu_logo.png logo.

Key functions: start_menu_init, start_menu_loop, start_menu_cleanup

Enemy Modules (entities/)

entities/spider.h / entities/spider.c

Ground-patrol spider enemy with 3-frame walk animation. Reverses at patrol boundaries and respects sea gaps. Asset: spider.png.

entities/jumping_spider.h / entities/jumping_spider.c

Faster spider variant that periodically jumps in short arcs to clear sea gaps. Asset: jumping_spider.png.

entities/bird.h / entities/bird.c

Slow sine-wave sky patrol bird. Asset: bird.png.

entities/faster_bird.h / entities/faster_bird.c

Fast aggressive sine-wave sky patrol bird with tighter curves and quicker wing animation. Asset: faster_bird.png.

entities/fish.h / entities/fish.c

Jumping water enemy that patrols the bottom lane and leaps on random arcs. Asset: fish.png.

entities/faster_fish.h / entities/faster_fish.c

Fast fish variant with higher jumps and faster patrol speed. Asset: faster_fish.png.

Hazard Modules (hazards/)

hazards/blue_flame.h / hazards/blue_flame.c

Erupting fire hazard from sea gaps. Cycles through waiting -> rising -> flipping (180 degree rotation at apex) -> falling. 2-frame animation. Asset: blue_flame.png.

hazards/spike.h / hazards/spike.c

Static ground spike rows placed along the floor. Asset: spike.png.

hazards/spike_block.h / hazards/spike_block.c

Rail-riding rotating hazard (360 degrees/s spin). Travels along rail paths, pushes player on collision. Asset: spike_block.png.

hazards/spike_platform.h / hazards/spike_platform.c

Elevated spike surface hazard. 3-slice rendered. Asset: spike_platform.png.

hazards/circular_saw.h / hazards/circular_saw.c

Fast rotating patrol saw hazard (720 degrees/s). Patrols horizontally. Asset: circular_saw.png.

hazards/axe_trap.h / hazards/axe_trap.c

Swinging pendulum or spinning axe hazard. Two behaviour modes: swing (60 degree amplitude) and spin (180 degrees/s). Asset: axe_trap.png.

Collectible Modules (collectibles/)

collectibles/coin.h / collectibles/coin.c

Gold coin collectible. AABB pickup awards 100 points. Every 3 coins restores one heart. Asset: coin.png.

collectibles/yellow_star.h / collectibles/yellow_star.c

Yellow star health pickup that restores hearts. Asset: yellow_star.png.

collectibles/last_star.h / collectibles/last_star.c

End-of-level star collectible. Asset: last_star.png.

Surface Modules (surfaces/)

surfaces/platform.h / surfaces/platform.c

One-way pillar platforms built from 9-slice tiled grass blocks. Player can jump through from below and land on top. Asset: platform.png.

surfaces/float_platform.h / surfaces/float_platform.c

Hovering surfaces with three modes: static, crumble (falls after 0.75s), and rail (follows a rail path). 3-slice rendered. Asset: float_platform.png.

surfaces/bridge.h / surfaces/bridge.c

Tiled crumble walkway. Bricks cascade-fall outward from the player's feet after a short delay. Asset: bridge.png.

surfaces/bouncepad.h / surfaces/bouncepad.c

Shared bouncepad mechanics: squash/release 3-frame animation.

surfaces/bouncepad_small.h / surfaces/bouncepad_small.c

Green bouncepad -- small jump height. Asset: bouncepad_small.png.

surfaces/bouncepad_medium.h / surfaces/bouncepad_medium.c

Wood bouncepad -- medium jump height. Asset: bouncepad_medium.png.

surfaces/bouncepad_high.h / surfaces/bouncepad_high.c

Red bouncepad -- high jump height. Asset: bouncepad_high.png.

surfaces/rail.h / surfaces/rail.c

Rail path system. Builds closed-loop and open-line rail paths from tile definitions. 4x4 bitmask tileset for rendering. Used by spike blocks and float platforms. Asset: rail.png.

surfaces/vine.h / surfaces/vine.c

Climbable vine decoration. Player can grab, climb up/down, drift horizontally, and dismount with a jump. Asset: vine.png.

surfaces/ladder.h / surfaces/ladder.c

Climbable ladder decoration. Same climbing mechanics as vines. Asset: ladder.png.

surfaces/rope.h / surfaces/rope.c

Climbable rope decoration. Same climbing mechanics as vines. Asset: rope.png.

Environment Modules (effects/)

effects/water.h / effects/water.c

Animated scrolling water strip at the bottom of the screen. 8 frames tiled seamlessly. Asset: water.png.

effects/fog.h / effects/fog.c

Atmospheric fog overlay. Two semi-transparent sky layers slide across the screen with random direction, duration, and fade-in/out. Assets: fog_background_1.png, fog_background_2.png.

effects/parallax.h / effects/parallax.c

Multi-layer scrolling background. 7 layers tiled horizontally, each at a different scroll speed. Assets: parallax_sky.png, parallax_clouds_bg.png, parallax_glacial_mountains.png, parallax_clouds_mg_1/2/3.png, parallax_cloud_lonely.png.

System Modules

screens/hud.h / screens/hud.c

HUD renderer. Draws heart icons (health), player icon + lives counter, coin icon + score. Assets: yellow_star.png (hearts), hud_coins.png (coin icon), player.png (lives icon), round9x13.ttf (font).

core/debug.h / core/debug.c

Debug overlay (activated with --debug flag). FPS counter, collision hitbox visualization for all entities, and a scrolling event log.

core/entity_utils.h / core/entity_utils.c

Shared entity helper functions used across multiple modules.

levels/level.h

Shared level definitions and constants.

levels/level_01.h / levels/level_01.c

Level 1 data definitions.

levels/level_loader.h / levels/level_loader.c

Level loading and switching system.