A multi-hazard Exposure- taxonomy is therefore possible, combining structural and non-structural attributes, which over different extents contribute to specifying vulnerability with respect to different hazards. For instance, the type of lateral load resisting system will have a critical role in constraining the seismic performance of a building, while its roof type and material would play a bigger role in defining the structure’s performance in case of storms (Pittore et al., 2017)

Even though, a large set of attributes, aparently may be not a wise approach, in the case of a multi-risk analysis, the different possible interactions between them, may lead into a clearer understanding about the risk associated when cascading effects are considered.

Extending the scope of a taxonomy by considering a larger set of attributes would have multi-fold advantages:

• a more complete structural and functional description of the assets;
• a harmonized approach to taxonomic description would be beneficial for a more holistic consideration of risk arising from multiple natural hazards;
• a more thorough description of buildings’ structural attributes would increase the chances of exploiting data mining and other statistical inference approaches to fill gaps in the data’s availability. Dependency relationships among attributes could be estimated empirically and would allow for a more reliable probabilistic description of exposure;
• in situ collection of exposure data would be more efficient, since most of the burden associated with the implementation of surveys does not depend on the particular attributes recorded.

Existing AND Proposed Multi-Risk Exposure Taxonomies

HAZUS 99 taxonomy of building nonstructural components and contents NON-struct-HAZUS-99

Other PRELIMINAR features (brainstorm)HYDRO_GFZ by: GFZ- Hydrology and Early Warning Groups. (Floods oriented building -exposure attributes)

Existing multi-risk assessment tools Existing multi-risk tools