Simple Examples

Individuals

People

People View

SELECT fullname, goesBy, birthday, in_days, death
FROM People
WHERE individual IN (3, 14, 16)
;

fullname	goesby	birthday	in_days	death
Stephen Arthur Jazdzewski	Steve	2014-11-22	64
Candace Lauren Fish	Candy	2015-8-27	342	2008-10-23 00:00:00
Franklin Patrick Herbert Jr	Frank	2014-10-8	19	1986-02-11 00:00:00

Actual Individual table records.

SELECT id, name, suffix, goesBy,
 DATE(birth) AS birth, DATE(nameChange) AS nameChange,
 DATE(death) AS death
FROM Individual
WHERE id IN (3, 14, 16)
ORDER BY id, nameChange
;

id	name	suffix	goesby	birth	namechange	death
3	1		22	1963-11-22
14	11			1942-08-27	1953-01-01
14	11		28	1942-08-27	1961-01-01
14	12		28	1942-08-27	1978-01-01
14	13		28	1942-08-27	1985-01-01
14	14		28	1942-08-27		2008-10-23
16	16	140	30	1920-10-08		1986-02-11

Id 3, Active entry, single record name change and death fields are NULL.

Id 14, Inactive entry, all records have non-NULL name change and death fields. Notice that all the name changes, have been preserved.

When Id 14's name changed in 1953, the current entry name change field was updated from NULL to '1953-01-01' and a new entry record was inserted with the new name (12) and the initial name change and death fields set to NULL.

Entities

Entity View

SELECT individual, entity, name, goesBy, DATE(formed) AS formed, aged
FROM Entities
WHERE individual IN (10,1002)
ORDER BY individual
;

individual	entity	name	goesby	formed	aged
10	1	International Business Machines, Inc.	IBM	1911-06-16	110 years 9 mons 4 days
1002	5	Oracle Corporation	Oracle	1977-06-16	44 years 9 mons 4 days

Actual Individual table records.

SELECT Individual.id,
 DATE(birth) AS birth,
 DATE(nameChange) AS nameChange,
 GoesBy.value AS goesBy,
 Entity.name
FROM Individual
JOIN Entity ON Entity.id = Individual.entity
LEFT JOIN Given AS GoesBy ON GoesBy.id = Individual.goesBy
WHERE Individual.id IN (10,1002)
ORDER BY Individual.id, nameChange
;

id	birth	namechange	goesby	name
10	1911-06-16		IBM	International Business Machines, Inc.
1002	1977-06-16	1979-01-01		Software Development Labs Incorporated
1002	1977-06-16	1983-01-01		Relational Software, Inc
1002	1977-06-16	1995-01-01		Oracle Systems Corporation
1002	1977-06-16		Oracle	Oracle Corporation

Tables used in People and Entities VIEWs

Entity Name Change

To change Individual 10's name to 'International Business Machines Corporation'

Mark the current entry for Id 10 as changed.

UPDATE Individual SET namechange = DATE(NOW())
WHERE id = 10 AND namechange IS NULL AND death IS NULL
;

Insert a new entry for Id 10.

INSERT INTO Individual (id, entity, goesBy, birth)
SELECT 10,
 GetEntityName('International Business Machines Corporation'),
 Individual.goesBy,
 Individual.birth
FROM Individual WHERE id = 10 AND namechange = DATE(NOW()) LIMIT 1
;

The Entities VIEW shows the latest namem for Individual 10.

SELECT name, goesBy FROM Entities WHERE individual = 10
;

name	goesby
International Business Machines Corporation	IBM

Actual Individual table records.

SELECT id, name, suffix, goesBy,
 DATE(birth) AS birth, DATE(nameChange) AS nameChange,
 DATE(death) AS death
FROM Individual
WHERE id = 10
ORDER BY nameChange
;

id	name	suffix	goesby	birth	namechange	death
10			100000	1911-06-16	2019-11-17
10			100000	1911-06-16

E-mail

Email addresses are split into their component parts using a stored procedure. The email address [email protected] is actually stored in the three Email table fields username, plus, host.

SELECT username, plus, host FROM Email WHERE id = 2
;

username	plus	host
Steve	NoCRUD	ADb.Net

The VIEW EmailAddress combines the fields into a usable email address.

SELECT email, value FROM EmailAddress WHERE email IN (1,2)
;

email	value
1	[email protected]
2	[email protected]

Assign an default email to a specific individual

SELECT SetIndividualEmail (10,
 GetEmail('[email protected]'),
 NULL
) FROM DUAL;

The new Email table entry

SELECT id, username, plus, host
FROM Email
WHERE Email.id = GetEmail('[email protected]')
;

id	username	plus	host
2000011	Support		IBM.com

The new record associating this email with Individual.id 10 as the default type NULL

SELECT individual, type, email, stop
FROM IndividualEmail
WHERE individual = 10
 AND type IS NULL
;

individual	type	email	stop
10		2000011

All IBM.com email addresses and the associated individuals

SELECT IndividualEmail.individual, EmailAddress.value
FROM IndividualEmail
JOIN Email ON Email.id = IndividualEmail.email
JOIN EmailAddress ON EmailAddress.email = Email.id
WHERE UPPER(Email.host) = UPPER('IBM.com')
 AND IndividualEmail.stop IS NULL
;

individual	value
10	[email protected]

Tables used for Individual emails

Path

URL

URL Path table record for the Web page www.IBM.com

id	protocol	secure	host	value	get
10	http	0	www.IBM.com

Path 10 record as a URL

SELECT value FROM URL WHERE path = 10
;

value
http://www.IBM.com/

Display a link to Individual 10 on a NoCRUD HTML page

IndividualPath record

individual	type	path	track	stop
10	10	10	NoCRUD

SELECT individual, path, value AS anchor
FROM IndividualURL
WHERE individual = 10
;

individual	path	anchor
10	10	http://www.IBM.com/?NoCRUD

File

Files are stored using host, path and actual file name. These values are used differently depending on the context they are needed. For example, as a relative path and file used in a application.

Insert a file that will located using relative path 'assets/text'

SELECT GetFile('localhost', 'assets/text', 'myFile.txt') FROM DUAL
;

Use this file path in an application query

SELECT '/var/app/' || file AS filePath
FROM Path
JOIN File ON File.path = Path.id
WHERE Path.get = 'myFile.txt'
;

filepath
/var/app/assets/text/myFile.txt

Tables used for IndividualURL and URL VIEWs

Addresses

Addresses are made up of several tables.

Tables used for Addresses VIEW

Country

id	name	code	idd	ndd
1	50000	USA	011	1

Code is the Long ISO Country code.

The International Dialing Prefix (idd) National Direct Dialing (ndd) fields are used for composing the numbers actually to dial when calling a phone number in another country.

Postal

id	country	code	state	stateabbreviation	county	city
110	1	10504	60018	60017	61054	61056
111	1	20500	61055	60027	61055	60026

De-normalized view of the Postal records

SELECT Postal.id AS postal,
 State.value AS stateFullName,
 City.value AS city,
 StateAbbreviation.value AS state,
 Postal.code AS zipCode,
 Country.code AS countryCode
FROM Postal
JOIN Word AS State ON State.id = Postal.state
 AND State.culture = 1033
JOIN Word AS StateAbbreviation ON StateAbbreviation.id = Postal.stateabbreviation
JOIN Word AS City ON City.id = Postal.city
 AND City.culture = 1033
JOIN Country ON Country.id = Postal.country
WHERE Postal.id IN (110,111)
;

postal	statefullname	city	state	zipcode	countrycode
111	District of Columbia	Washington	DC	20500	USA
110	New York	Armonk	NY	10504	USA

Address

An address record consists of an address line, postal id and a postal plus 4. Technically for addresses in the USA, only a postal and plus4 is needed for any street address.

SELECT id, line1, postal, postalPlus FROM Address WHERE id in (1,2)
;

id	line1	postal	postalplus
1	1 New Orchard Road	110	1716
2	1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW	111	0005

Using the Addresses VIEW

SELECT address, line1, city, state, zipcode, countryCode
FROM Addresses WHERE address IN (1,2)
;

address	line1	city	state	zipcode	countrycode
1	1 New Orchard Road	Armonk	NY	10504-1716	USA
2	1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW	Washington	DC	20500-0005	USA

Phones

Phone numbers are stored without any formatting. Adding back the formatting is left up to the actual application or VIEW.

Phone table records. Note that dashes have been stripped out of number field.

id	country	area	number
1	1	914	4991900
2	1	202	4561111

The Phones VIEW puts all the formatting back in. This includes the idd and ndd fields from the Country table for the international version of the phone number.

SELECT phone, local, international
FROM Phones
WHERE phone IN (1,2)
;

phone	local	international
1	914-499-1900	011-1-914-499-1900
2	202-456-1111	011-1-202-456-1111

Tables used for Phones VIEW

List

Tables used for List VIEW

List tables are complicated due to the ListIndividual.id field being a foreign key for the ListIndividualName table's listIndividual field. They are further complicated by the ListIndividual table id field not being unique.

The ListIndividual table is a series of entry and removal records for and named list in the ListIndividualName table.

Subscribe an Individual to 4 lists by email address

SELECT ListSubscribeEmail('Clothing','Hats','[email protected]') FROM DUAL;
SELECT ListSubscribeEmail('Clothing','Socks','[email protected]') FROM DUAL;
SELECT ListSubscribeEmail('Job','Clown','[email protected]') FROM DUAL;
SELECT ListSubscribeEmail('Job','Santa','[email protected]') FROM DUAL;

Show lists this individual is now subscribed to

SELECT id, listNameValue AS listName, listSetValue AS listSet, send
FROM List
WHERE individual = GetIndividualEmail('[email protected]')
;

id	listname	listset	send
2000001	Clothing	Hats	to
2000002	Clothing	Socks	to
2000003	Job	Clown	to
2000004	Job	Santa	to

Unsubscribe from a list.

SELECT ListUnSubscribe('Job', 'Clown',  GetIndividualEmail('[email protected]')) FROM DUAL
;

id	listname	listset	send
2000001	Clothing	Hats	to
2000002	Clothing	Socks	to
2000004	Job	Santa	to

Unsubscribe from all lists by inserting the individual with id (List id) field set to null.

INSERT INTO ListIndividual (individual) VALUES (GetIndividualEmail('[email protected]'))
;

No longer on any list.

id	listname	listset	send

Re-subscribe to a list

SELECT ListSubscribeEmail('Job','Clown','[email protected]') FROM DUAL
;

Still not on any list. An individual can still maintain their subscriptions, even if they no longer show up in the List view due to the un-subscribe from all flag is set.

id	listname	listset	send

Set the unList field for the unsubscribe all lists entry.

UPDATE ListIndividual SET unList = DATE(NOW())
WHERE id IS NULL
 AND individual = GetIndividualEmail('[email protected]')
;

Back on all lists, even the list subscribed to when unsubscribed from all lists.

id	listname	listset	send
2000001	Clothing	Hats	to
2000002	Clothing	Socks	to
2000004	Job	Santa	to
2000003	Job	Clown	to

Actual ListIndividual Table records

id	unlist	individual
2000001		4000006
2000002		4000006
2000003	2019-11-17 16:45:54.822776	4000006
2000004		4000006
	2019-11-17 00:00:00	4000006
2000003		4000006

Period

Time Periods can be made up of one or more entries in the Period tables Month, MonthDay, DayOfWeek, and TimeOfDay tables.

Each of these tables share an id sequence. If the Month table has a record with id 5, then none of the other Period tables can have an entry for id 5. This allows a simplified Period table where the span field can point to a record in any of the Period tables.

What time period is it right now?

SELECT TimePeriod.period, periodName
FROM TimePeriod
JOIN Periods ON Periods.period = TimePeriod.period
WHERE TimePeriod.open = true
;

period	periodname
23	Holiday Dinner

Complicated Holidays

Period 9, Labor Day, first Monday in September

SELECT period, periodName, span, dayofweekstart, dayofmonth, month FROM PeriodSpans WHERE period = 9
;

period	periodname	span	dayofweekstart	dayofmonth	month
9	Labor Day	9			9
9	Labor Day	20	1	1

Period 4, Memorial Day, last Monday of May

SELECT period, periodName, span, dayofweekstart, dayofmonth, month FROM PeriodSpans WHERE period = 4
;

period	periodname	span	dayofweekstart	dayofmonth	month
4	Memorial Day	5			5
4	Memorial Day	16	1	-1

Tables used for Periods and TimePeriod VIEWs

Parts

Parts can be individual things or assemblies of multiple parts.

Each Part can be part of a hierarchy. For example, the top of the hierarchy can be the kind of part, all the way down to a part version with a serial number.

In this example, we have a Demo Printed Circuit Board called Alarm Demo version 1.0.0. It has several discrete components.

Let's start by creating the discrete components.

SELECT GetPart('Module');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('Arduino Nano', 'v3.x', 'Module', 'Micro Controller');

SELECT GetPart('Capacitor');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('470pF', '50v', 'Capacitor', 'Ceramic Disc');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('1uF', '50v', 'Capacitor', 'Ceramic Disc');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('22uF', '450v', 'Capacitor', 'Electrolytic');

SELECT GetPart('Schottky Diode');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('SR250', '15', 'Schottky Diode', 'DO');

SELECT GetPart('MOSFET');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('IRF540NPBF', '220', 'MOSFET', 'TO');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('2N7000', '92', 'MOSFET', 'TO');

SELECT GetPart('Resistor');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('33k', '1/4w', 'Resistor', 'Axial Lead');
SELECT GetPartWithParent('1k', '1/4w', 'Resistor', 'Axial Lead');

After executing the above, the database Part table will have these entries

SELECT part, parent, name, version
FROM Parts
ORDER BY parent nulls first, part
;

part	parent	name	version
10000		Module
10003		Capacitor
10009		Schottky Diode
10012		MOSFET
10016		Resistor
10001	10000	Module	Micro Controller
10002	10001	Arduino Nano	v3.x
10004	10003	Capacitor	Ceramic Disc
10007	10003	Capacitor	Electrolytic
10005	10004	470pF	50v
10006	10004	1uF	50v
10008	10007	22uF	450v
10010	10009	Schottky Diode	DO
10011	10010	SR250	15
10013	10012	MOSFET	TO
10014	10013	IRF540NPBF	220
10015	10013	2N7000	92
10017	10016	Resistor	Axial Lead
10018	10017	33k	1/4w
10019	10017	1k	1/4w

Another way to list the parts

SELECT parent.name AS part,
 parts.name,
 parent.version || parts.version AS type
FROM Parts, Parts AS Parent
WHERE Parent.part = Parts.parent
 AND Parent.version != ''
ORDER BY Parent.name
;

part	name	type
Capacitor	1uF	Ceramic Disc 50v
Capacitor	470pF	Ceramic Disc 50v
Capacitor	22uF	Electrolytic 450v
Module	Arduino Nano	Micro Controller v3.x
MOSFET	2N7000	TO 92
MOSFET	IRF540NPBF	TO 220
Resistor	33k	Axial Lead 1/4w
Resistor	1k	Axial Lead 1/4w
Schottky Diode	SR250	DO 15

Create an Assembly and add the parts to it

-- Assembly
SELECT GetPart('PCB');
SELECT GetPartWithParentVersion('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0'), 'PBC', GetVersionName('Demo'));
-- Parts
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('IRF540NPBF', GetVersionName('220')), 'Q1', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('2N7000', GetVersionName('92')), 'Q2', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('33k', GetVersionName('1/4w')), 'R9', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('1k', GetVersionName('1/4w')), 'R4', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('1k', GetVersionName('1/4w')), 'R7', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('470pF', GetVersionName('50v')), 'C1', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('22uF', GetVersionName('450v')), 'C2', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('1uF', GetVersionName('50v')), 'C3', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('1uF', GetVersionName('50v')), 'C5', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('1uF', GetVersionName('50v')), 'C6', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('SR250', GetVersionName('15')), 'D2', NULL);
SELECT PutAssemblyPart(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), GetPart('Arduino Nano', GetVersionName('v3.x')), 'A1', NULL);

Show the Assembly

SELECT parentname, name, version, versionname
FROM Assemblies
;

parentname	name	version	versionname
PBC	Alarm	10013	Demo 1.0.0

Show the parts for that Assembly

SELECT assemblyname, assemblyversionname, designator, partname, versionname
FROM AssemblyParts
ORDER BY designator
;

assemblyname	assemblyversionname	designator	partname	versionname
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	A1	Arduino Nano	v3.x
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	C1	470pF	50v
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	C2	22uF	450v
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	C3	1uF	50v
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	C5	1uF	50v
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	C6	1uF	50v
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	D2	SR250	15
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	Q1	IRF540NPBF	220
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	Q2	2N7000	92
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	R4	1k	1/4w
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	R7	1k	1/4w
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	R9	33k	1/4w

Each assembled PCB, of a specific version can be inserted into the database for tracking.

First assembled Alarm Demo 1.0.0 serial number 10001.

SELECT GetPartbySerial(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), '10001')
;

SELECT name, version, serial FROM Parts WHERE part = GetPartbySerial(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), '10001')
;

name	version	serial
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	10001

Tables used for Parts VIEW

Accounting

Wikipedia Example of debits and credits.

Book Entries

SELECT Book('Rent',      100)   FROM DUAL;  -- A business pays rent with cash
SELECT Book('Sale',      50)    FROM DUAL;  -- A business receives cash for a sale
SELECT Book('Equipment', 5200)  FROM DUAL;  -- A business buys equipment with cash
SELECT Book('Loan',      11000) FROM DUAL;  -- A business borrows cash with loan
SELECT Book('Salary',    5000)  FROM DUAL;  -- A business pays salaries with cash

Booked business is automatically entered into the proper Journals.

Generated Journal Entries

The table from Wikipedia Debits and Credits Further examples

SELECT entry, account, type,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM JournalReport
WHERE ledger = 1 -- General Ledger
ORDER BY created, entry, rightSide
;

entry	account	type	debit	credit
1	Rent	Expense	100
1	Cash	Asset		100
2	Cash	Asset	50
2	Sales	Income		50
3	Equipment	Asset	5200
3	Cash	Asset		5200
4	Cash	Asset	11000
4	Loan	Liability		11000
5	Salary	Expense	5000
5	Cash	Asset		5000
	Total		21350	21350

Ledger Balances

The Ledger T Accounts are also automatically updated.

SELECT ledgerName AS ledger,
 accountName AS account,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM LedgerReport
ORDER BY ledger,
 sequence
;

ledger	account	debit	credit
General	Asset	16250	10300
General	Liability		11000
General	Income		50
General	Expenses	5100
General	Total	21350	21350

More Complex Book Entries

Effects more than two accounts.

SELECT Book('Sale Jane Doe', 1000) FROM DUAL; -- Jane Doe makes a commission sale
SELECT Book('Sale John Doe', 1000) FROM DUAL; -- John Doe makes a commission sale

Generated Journal Entries

SELECT entry, account, type,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM JournalReport
ORDER BY created, entry, rightSide
;

entry	account	type	debit	credit
1	Rent	Expense	100
1	Cash	Asset		100
2	Cash	Asset	50
2	Sales	Income		50
3	Equipment	Asset	5200
3	Cash	Asset		5200
4	Cash	Asset	11000
4	Loan	Liability		11000
5	Salary	Expense	5000
5	Cash	Asset		5000
6	Cash	Asset	1000
6	Commissions Payable	Liability		200
6	Sales	Income		800
7	Cash	Asset	1000
7	Commissions Payable	Liability		150
7	Sales	Income		850
	Total		23350	23350

Ledger Balances

SELECT ledgerName AS ledger,
 accountName AS account,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM LedgerReport
ORDER BY ledger,
 sequence
;

ledger	account	debit	credit
General	Asset	18250	10300
General	Liability		11350
General	Income		1700
General	Expenses	5100
General	Total	23350	23350

Using I18N feature for Accounting VIEWs

The above accounting VIEW results using different cultures.

These examples where created using PostgreSQL.

es-MX

SELECT ClientCulture();
DELETE FROM inject_culture;
INSERT INTO inject_culture values (2058)
;

SELECT entry, account, type,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM JournalReport
ORDER BY created, entry, rightSide
;

entry	account	type	debit	credit
1	Alquiler	las expensas	100
1	Dinero en efectivo	la posesión capital		100
2	Dinero en efectivo	la posesión capital	50
2	Ventas	Ingresos		50
3	Equipo	la posesión capital	5200
3	Dinero en efectivo	la posesión capital		5200
4	Dinero en efectivo	la posesión capital	11000
4	el empréstito	la obligación		11000
5	Salario	las expensas	5000
5	Dinero en efectivo	la posesión capital		5000
6	Dinero en efectivo	la posesión capital	1000
6	Comisiones a pagar	la obligación		200
6	Ventas	Ingresos		800
7	Dinero en efectivo	la posesión capital	1000
7	Comisiones a pagar	la obligación		150
7	Ventas	Ingresos		850
	Total		23350	23350

SELECT ledgerName AS ledger,
 accountName AS account,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM LedgerReport
ORDER BY ledger,
 sequence
;

ledger	account	debit	credit
General	la posesión capital	18250	10300
General	la obligación		11350
General	Ingreso		1700
General	las expensas	5100
General	Total	23350	23350

fr-FR

SELECT ClientCulture();
DELETE FROM inject_culture;
INSERT INTO inject_culture values (1036)
;

SELECT entry, account, type,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM JournalReport
ORDER BY created, entry, rightSide
;

entry	account	type	debit	credit
1	Louer	Dépenses	100
1	encaisser	le capital		100
2	encaisser	le capital	50
2	Ventes	Revenu		50
3	Équipement	le capital	5200
3	encaisser	le capital		5200
4	encaisser	le capital	11000
4	la dette	les dettes		11000
5	le salaire	Dépenses	5000
5	encaisser	le capital		5000
6	encaisser	le capital	1000
6	Commissions à payer	les dettes		200
6	Ventes	Revenu		800
7	encaisser	le capital	1000
7	Commissions à payer	les dettes		150
7	Ventes	Revenu		850
	Total		23350	23350

SELECT ledgerName AS ledger,
 accountName AS account,
 CAST(debit AS NUMERIC(19,0)),
 CAST(credit AS NUMERIC(19,0))
FROM LedgerReport
ORDER BY ledger,
 sequence
;

ledger	account	debit	credit
Général	le capital	18250	10300
Général	les dettes		11350
Général	Revenu		1700
Général	Dépenses	5100
Général	Total	23350	23350

Accounting Table Diagram

Tables used for Accounting

Inventory Movement

Simple example

• Put a stuffed Bunny into a shopping cart.
• Turn that cart into an order.
• Ship the order to the customer.

Create Wish list

-- Create bill of type wish list
SELECT CreateBill(
 GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 'Wish' -- Wish list type bill
 )
FROM DUAL
;

Add Bunny to wish list

-- Add 1 Stuffed Animal Bunny to Wish list
SELECT AddCargo(
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Wish'), -- Wish List
 GetPart('Bunny'), -- Item
 1 -- Quantity
) FROM DUAL
;

Line items in Wish list

SELECT typeName AS type, consigneeName AS consignee, count, line, item, outstanding
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Wish')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	outstanding
Wish	Toys for Tots	1	100	Bunny	1

Create Cart

-- Create Cart as immediate child of Wish list
SELECT CreateBill(
 GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 'Cart', -- Cart type bill
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
  GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Wish') -- Wish List as parent
) FROM DUAL
;

Add Bunny (all cargo) to Cart

-- Move all wish list line items (cargo) to Cart
SELECT MoveCargoToChild(
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Wish'), -- Wish List
 NULL, -- All cargo items
 NULL
) FROM DUAL
;

View Cart Contents

Line items in Wish list

SELECT typeName AS type, consigneeName AS consignee, count, line, item, outstanding
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Wish')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	outstanding
Wish	Toys for Tots	1	100	Bunny	0

Notice that outstanding is 0

Line items in Cart

SELECT typeName AS type, consigneeName AS consignee, count, line, item, outstanding
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Cart')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	outstanding
Cart	Toys for Tots	1	101	Bunny	1

Create Quote

Create a price schedule

Default schedule for purchaser

-- Setup Default price schedule for Toys for Tots.
SELECT GetIndividualJobSchedule(GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 GetJob('Default'), GetSchedule('Default'))
;

Add prices to schedule

INSERT INTO Schedule (schedule, fromCount, toCount, rate)
VALUES
 (GetSchedule('Default'), 0, 99, 100),
 (GetSchedule('Default'), 100, NULL, 80)
;
INSERT INTO AssemblyIndividualJobPrice (assembly, individualJob, price)
VALUES (GetPart('Bunny'),
 GetIndividualJobSchedule(GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 GetJob('Default'), GetSchedule('Default')), 14.99)
;

Display price expanded line items for Cart

-- Display current line item unit price and line total
SELECT typeName AS type, consigneeName AS consignee, count, line, item,
 currentUnitPrice, outstanding, (currentUnitPrice * outstanding) as lineTotal
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Cart')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	currentunitprice	outstanding	linetotal
Cart	Toys for Tots	1	101	Bunny	14.99	1	14.99

Child Quote from Cart

-- Create Quote as immediate child of Cart
SELECT CreateBill(
 GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 'Quote', -- Quote type bill
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Cart') -- Cart as parent
) FROM DUAL
;

Add Bunny (all cargo) to Quote

Fix quote prices by fixing IndividualJob in new cargo records

-- Move all cart line items (cargo) to Quote
SELECT MoveCargoToChild(
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Cart'), -- Cart as parent
 NULL, -- All cargo items
 NULL,
 GetIndividualJobSchedule(GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 GetJob('Default'), GetSchedule('Default'))
) FROM DUAL
;

Line items in Quote

SELECT typeName AS type,
 consigneeName AS consignee,
 count,
 line,
 item,
 currentUnitPrice,
 unitprice,
 totalprice,
 outstanding
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Quote')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	currentunitprice	unitprice	totalprice	outstanding
Quote	Toys for Tots	1	102	Bunny	14.99	14.99	14.99	1

Increase the current default price of the Bunny for 'Toys for Tots'

-- Stop current default IndividualJob price on Bunny
UPDATE IndividualJob SET stop = NOW() WHERE individual = GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots')
;
-- Get new IndividualJob
SELECT GetIndividualJobSchedule(GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 GetJob('Default'),
 GetSchedule('Default'))
;
-- Insert new price
INSERT INTO AssemblyIndividualJobPrice (assembly, individualJob, price)
VALUES (GetPart('Bunny'),
 GetIndividualJobSchedule(GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 GetJob('Default'), GetSchedule('Default')), 23.44)
;

Line items in Quote again, showing new current price and quoted price

SELECT typeName AS type,
 consigneeName AS consignee,
 count,
 line,
 item,
 currentUnitPrice,
 unitprice,
 totalprice,
 outstanding
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Quote')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	currentunitprice	unitprice	totalprice	outstanding
Quote	Toys for Tots	1	102	Bunny	23.44	14.99	14.99	1

Create Order

Child Order from Quote

-- Create Order as immediate child of Quote
SELECT CreateBill(
 GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 'Order', -- Order type bill
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Quote') -- Quote as parent
) FROM DUAL
;

Add Bunny (all cargo) to Order

-- Move all cart line items (cargo) to Order
SELECT MoveCargoToChild(
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
  GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Quote'), -- Quote as parent
 NULL,   -- All cargo items
 NULL,   -- Default Job
 NULL,   -- Default Schedual
 'AR Sale' -- Accounting Book to used
) FROM DUAL
;

Display price expanded line items from Order

These current price and line total come from journal entries

-- Display current line item unit price and line total
SELECT typeName AS type, consigneeName AS consignee, count, line, item,
 currentUnitPrice,
 unitprice, outstanding,
 (currentUnitPrice * outstanding) as lineTotal
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Order')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	currentunitprice	unitprice	outstanding	linetotal
Order	Toys for Tots	1	103	Bunny	23.44	14.99	1	23.44

Create Invoice

-- Create Invoice as immediate child of Order
SELECT CreateBill(
 GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 'Invoice', -- Invoice type bill
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Order') -- Order as parent
) FROM DUAL
;

Add Bunny (all cargo) to Invoice

-- Move all cart line items (cargo) to Invoice
SELECT MoveCargoToChild(
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
  GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Order'), -- Order as parent
 NULL,   -- All cargo items
 NULL,   -- Default Job
 NULL    -- Default Schedual
) FROM DUAL
;

Display price expanded line items for Invoice

-- Display current line item unit price and line total
SELECT typeName AS type, consigneeName AS consignee, count, line, item,
 unitprice, outstanding,
 (currentUnitPrice * outstanding) as lineTotal
FROM LineItems
WHERE bill = GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Invoice')
;

type	consignee	count	line	item	unitprice	outstanding	linetotal
Invoice	Toys for Tots	1	104	Bunny	14.99	1	23.44

Create Payment

Payment receipt

-- Create Receipt as immediate child of Invoice
SELECT CreateBill(
 GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
 GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'),
 'Receipt', -- Invoice type bill
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
  GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Invoice') -- Invoice as parent
) FROM DUAL
;

Add Bunny (all cargo) to Receipt

Toys for Tots has and account with Bunnies-R-Us, so purchase on credit (Accounts Receivable).

-- Move all cart line items (cargo) to Receipt
SELECT MoveCargoToChild(
 GetOutstandingBill(GetIndividualEntity('Bunnies-R-Us'),
  GetIndividualEntity('Toys for Tots'), 'Invoice'), -- Invoice as parent
 NULL,   -- All cargo items
 NULL,   -- Default Job
 NULL,   -- Default Schedual
 'AR Payment' -- Accounting Book to used
) FROM DUAL
;

Show Accounts for this transaction

SELECT entry, account, type, debit, credit
FROM JournalReport
ORDER BY created, entry, rightSide
;

entry	account	type	debit	credit
1	Receivable	Asset	14.99
1	Sales	Income		14.99
2	Cash	Asset	14.99
2	Receivable	Asset		14.99
	Total		29.98	29.98

Ship Order

Received Order

Mark clean

Flow

Inventory Bin -> Shipper (received) -> Carrier (loaded), (delivered)

More complicated example

• Put a few stuffed animals into a shopping cart.
• Turn most of the cart into an order.
• Ship the order to the customer in multiple shipments.
• Customer returns one of the items.
• A replacement item is shipped to the customer.
• The customer is credited for the returned and not billed for the replacement

Inventory Table Diagram

Tables used for Inventory

Application Release

A use of Application Release is to record a version and build of firmware that is written (embedded) into a serial numbered physical device.

In the above Parts section, a physical device was defined and an assembled, tested and serial numbered unit was inserted into the database. Demo Alarm board version 1.0.0, serial number 10001.

SELECT GetPartbySerial(GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')), '10001')
;

If every Demo Alarm board version 1.0.0 of any serial number gets embedded software called 'Alarm Embeded' version 0.0.3 build 42.

SELECT GetAssemblyApplicationRelease(
 GetPart('Alarm', GetVersionName('Demo', '1', '0', '0')),
 GetApplicationRelease(
  GetApplication('Alarm Embedded'),
  GetRelease(GetVersion('0','0','3'), '42')))
;

SELECT assemblyName,
 assemblyVersion,
 applicationName,
 applicationVersionName,
 buildName
FROM AssemblyApplicationReleases
;

assemblyname	assemblyversion	applicationname	applicationversionname	buildname
Alarm	Demo 1.0.0	Alarm Embedded	0.0.3	42

Web Sessions

It is assumed that the Web server that gives an application access to the fields in NCSA Common Combined Log Format.

The web logs can also be post-processed for historical analysis.

Create Session

• A client hits the server without a session token
  • Parse Client(Browser) User-Agent string.
  • Insert the parsed Client Agent string, referring URL and source IP address into an Anonymous Session.
• Client requests to create a user
  • Assign a session token to the anonymous session
  • Client generates a valid password
  • Create a user credential (account) associated with the new password
  • Associate current session with new user credential

A client hits the server without a session token Parse User-Agent string Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/43.0.2357.130 Safari/537.36 for arguments to AnonymouseSession.

SELECT AnonymousSession('Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/43.0.2357.130 Safari/537.36',
 'Chrome',
 '43',
 '0',
 '2357',
 '130',
 'Linux',
 NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
 'Other',
 0,
 'www.ibm.com',
 NULL,NULL,
'107.77.97.52') FROM DUAL
;

anonymoussession
1

The AnonymousSession result can be used by the application going forward for the client web session. AnonymousSession() should be called on every anonymous page load to keep session alive and track the client.

Associate the session id with a user

Assign a session token to the anonymous session id 1.

INSERT INTO SessionToken (session, token, initialized, timeout, items)
SELECT 1,
 'BKrB9cYbZYcP1xKbKBOeXsAxDmoybyHn',
 1,
 NULL, NULL
;

No password generator entity or generator application release, so just store in the clear.

INSERT INTO password (provider, generator, value)
VALUES (NULL, NULL, '0000')
;

Assume Password.id is 1.

Create a user credential (account) associated with the new password id 1.

INSERT INTO credential (username, password, culture)
VALUES ('helmet', 1, 1033)
;

Assume Credential.id is 1.

Finally, associate current session.id 1 to credential.id 1. Use the balance of the web session information.

SELECT SetSession('BKrB9cYbZYcP1xKbKBOeXsAxDmoybyHn', NULL, 1000, 1, 10, '107.77.97.52', NULL);

SetSession should be called on every page load to keep session alive and track the user and client.

Report the initial anonymous page hit with the later association of the session to a user via a credential.

SELECT session, token, os, agent, credential, username
FROM Sessions
ORDER BY token, credential NULLS FIRST, touched
;

session	token	os	agent	credential	username
1	BKrB9cYbZYcP1xKbKBOeXsAxDmoybyHn	Linux	Chrome
1	BKrB9cYbZYcP1xKbKBOeXsAxDmoybyHn	Linux	Chrome	1	helmet

Tables used to record Wed sessions

DAG

Directed Acyclic Graph

The implementation is based heavily on A Model to Represent Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) on SQL Databases

How to Use the Edge Table

Company Structure

Will duplicate figure 5 from a Kemal Erdogan codeproject article.

SELECT AddEdgeName('HelpDesk', 'Admins');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Ali', 'Admins');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Ali', 'Users');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Burcu', 'Users');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Can', 'Users');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Managers', 'Users');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Technicians', 'Users');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Demet', 'HelpDesk');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Engin', 'HelpDesk');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Engin', 'Users');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Fuat', 'Managers');
SELECT AddEdgeName('G l', 'Managers');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Hakan', 'Technicians');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Irmak', 'Technicians');
SELECT AddEdgeName('ABCTechnicians', 'Technicians');
SELECT AddEdgeName('Jale', 'ABCTechnicians');

SELECT startName, hops
FROM Edges
WHERE stop = GetVertex('Admins')
ORDER BY hops
;

startname	hops
HelpDesk	0
Ali	0
Demet	1
Engin	1

SELECT stopName, hops
FROM Edges
WHERE start = GetVertex('Jale')
ORDER BY hops
;

stopname	hops
ABCTechnicians	0
Technicians	1
Users	2

Family Tree

Simple Jazdzewski family tree

SELECT AddEdgeName('Family Tree', 'Jazdzewski') FROM DUAL;
SELECT AddEdge(GetVertex('Jazdzewski'), SetIndividualVertex(1)) FROM DUAL;
SELECT AddEdge(GetIndividualVertex(1), SetIndividualVertex(2)) FROM DUAL;
SELECT AddEdge(GetIndividualVertex(1), SetIndividualVertex(3)) FROM DUAL;
SELECT AddEdge(GetIndividualVertex(1), SetIndividualVertex(4)) FROM DUAL;
SELECT AddEdge(GetIndividualVertex(3), SetIndividualVertex(5)) FROM DUAL;
SELECT AddEdge(GetIndividualVertex(3), SetIndividualVertex(6)) FROM DUAL;

SELECT startName, StopIndividualname, hops
FROM EdgeIndividuals
WHERE start = GetVertex('Jazdzewski')
ORDER BY hops
;

startname	stopindividualname	hops
Jazdzewski	Terrence Edward Jazdzewski Sr	0
Jazdzewski	Terrence Edward Jazdzewski Jr	1
Jazdzewski	Stephen Arthur Jazdzewski	1
Jazdzewski	Charles Paul Jazdzewski	1
Jazdzewski	Alec Xavier Jazdzewski	2
Jazdzewski	Devin Kyle Jazdzewski	2

SELECT stopIndividualname, hops
FROM EdgeIndividuals
WHERE start = GetIndividualVertex(3)
ORDER BY hops
;

stopindividualname	hops
Alec Xavier Jazdzewski	0
Devin Kyle Jazdzewski	0

Add grandmother

SELECT AddEdge(GetIndividualVertex(1), SetIndividualVertex(14, 'spouse')) FROM DUAL
;

SELECT stopIndividualname, stopType, hops
FROM EdgeIndividuals
WHERE start = GetIndividualVertex(1)
ORDER BY hops
;

stopindividualname	stoptype	hops
Terrence Edward Jazdzewski Jr		0
Stephen Arthur Jazdzewski		0
Charles Paul Jazdzewski		0
Candace Lauren Fish	spouse	0
Alec Xavier Jazdzewski		1
Devin Kyle Jazdzewski		1

Tables used for DAG