Arbetsbänken - helmgast/drangopedia GitHub Wiki
author: Lycan created_at: '2013-03-26T07:40:02Z' id: Arbetsbänken links: category:
- Work in progress title: Arbetsbänken
Assessor, från latin, bisittare; gammal ämbetsmannatitel. Titeln har också använts för ledamot av kollegialt organiserade myndigheter, vanligen domstolar.
Ukeke
The 'ūkēkē is a musical bow made of koa wood, 16 to 24 inches long and about 1 1/2 inches wide with two or three strings fastened through and around either end, tuned to an A major triad. Prior to the introduction of steel strings, gut or sennit (coconut fibre) were used.
The strings were strummed with one hand while the other hand kept the 'ūkēkē in position. The mouth would then act as a resonating chamber.
The old experts made no sound with the vocal cords, but the mouth acted as a resonance chamber. The resulting sound suggested speech and trained persons could understand. It was sometimes used for love making.
The ukeke is the only stringed instrument indigenous to Hawaii, with other Hawaiian string instruments like the ukulele and slack-key guitar having been introduced by European sailors and settlers.\
In late antiquity the term archon was used in Gnosticism to refer to several servants of the Demiurge, the "creator god" that stood between the human race and a transcendent God that could only be reached through gnosis. In this context they have the role of the angels and demons of the Old Testament. They give their name to the sect called Archontics. [edit] Hebdomad
A characteristic feature of the Gnostic conception of the universe is the role played in almost all Gnostic systems by the seven world-creating archons, known as the Hebdomad (ἑβδομάς). There are indeed certain exceptions; for instance, Basilides taught the existence of a "great archon" called Abraxas who presided over 365 archons (Irenaeus, Adversus Haereses, i. 24); in the Valentinian system, the Seven are in a manner replaced by the Aeons. These Seven, then, are in most systems semi-hostile powers, and are reckoned as the last and lowest emanations of the Godhead; below them—and frequently considered as derived from them—comes the world of the actually devilish powers.
The ancient astronomy taught that above the seven planetary spheres was an eighth, the sphere of the fixed stars.[7] In the eighth sphere, these Gnostics taught, dwelt the mother to whom all these archons owed their origin, Sophia (Wisdom) or Barbelo. In the language of these sects the word Hebdomad not only denotes the seven archons, but is also a name of place, denoting the heavenly regions over which the seven archons presided; while Ogdoad denotes the supercelestial regions which lay above their control.
The Ophites accepted the existence of these seven archons (Origen, Contra Celsum, vi. 31; a nearly identical list is given in On the Origin of the World):[8]
* Yaldabaoth, called also Saklas and Samael
o Saturn.
o Feminine name: Pronoia (Forethought) Sambathas, "week".
o Prophets:[9] Moses, Joshua, Amos, Habakkuk.
o From Hebrew yalda bahut, "Child of Chaos"? The outermost who created the six others, and therefore the chief ruler and Demiurge par excellence. Called "the Lion-faced", leontoeides, similar to the Mithraic Leontocephaline.
* Iao
o Jupiter.
o Feminine name: Lordship.
o Prophets: Samuel, Nathan, Jonah, Micah.
o Perhaps from Yahu, Yahweh, but possibly also from the magic cry iao in the Mysteries.
* Sabaoth
o Mars.
o Feminine name: Deity.
o Prophets: Elijah, Joel, Zechariah.
o The Old Testament title God of Hosts was thought a proper name, hence Jupiter Sabbas (Yahweh Sabaoth).
* Astaphanos, or Astaphaios
o Venus.
o Feminine name: Sophia (Wisdom).
o Prophets: Esdras, Zephaniah.
o Astraphaios is beyond doubt the planet Venus, as there are gnostic gems with a female figure and the legend ASTAPHE, which name is also used in magic spells as the name of a goddess.
* Adonaios
o The Sun.
o Feminine name: Kingship.
o Prophets: Isaiah, Ezekiel, Jeremiah, Daniel.
o From the Hebrew term for "the Lord", used of God; Adonis of the Syrians representing the Winter sun in the cosmic tragedy of Tammuz. In the Mandaean system Adonaios represents the Sun.
* Elaios, or Ailoaios, or sometimes Ailoein
o Mercury.
o Feminine name: Jealousy.
o Prophets: Tobias, Haggai.
o From Elohim, God (El).
* Horaios
o The Moon.
o Feminine name: Wealth.
o Prophets: Michaiah, Nahum.
o From Jaroah? or "light"? or Horus?
In the hellenized form of Gnosticism either all or some of these names are replaced by personified vices. Authadia (Authades), or Audacity, is the obvious description of Yaldabaoth, the presumptuous Demiurge, who is lion-faced as the Archon Authadia. Of the Archons Kakia, Zelos, Phthonos, Errinnys, Epithymia, the last obviously represents Venus. The number seven is obtained by placing a proarchon or chief archon at the head. That these names are only a disguise for the Sancta Hebdomas is clear, for Sophia, the mother of them, retains the name of Ogdoad, Octonatio. Occasionally one meets with the Archon Esaldaios, which is evidently the El Shaddai of the Bible, and he is described as the Archon "number four" (harithmo tetartos).
In the system of the Gnostics mentioned by Epiphanius we find, as the Seven Archons,
* Iao
* Saklas (the chief demon of Manichaeism)
* Seth
* David
* Eloiein
* Elilaios (probably connected with En-lil, the Bel of Nippur, the ancient god of Babylonia)
* Yaldabaoth (or no. 6 Yaldaboath, no. 7 Sabaoth)
The last book of the Pistis Sophia contains the myth of the capture of the rebellious archons, whose leaders here appear as five in number.[10]
* Paraplex
* Hekate
* Ariouth (females)
* Typhon
* Iachtanabas (males)
[edit] Mandaean Archons
Among the Mandaeans, we find a different and perhaps more primitive conception of the Seven, according to which they, together with their mother Namrus (Ruha) and their father (Ur), belong entirely to the world of darkness. They and their family are looked upon as captives of the god of light (Manda-d'hayye, Hibil-Ziva), who pardons them, sets them on chariots of light, and appoints them as rulers of the world.[11] [edit] Manichaean Archons
The Manicheans readily adopted the Gnostic usage; and their archons are invariably evil beings. It is related how the helper of the Primal Man, the spirit of life, captured the evil archons, and fastened them to the firmament, or according to another account, flayed them, and formed the firmament from their skin,[12] and this conception is closely related to the other, though in this tradition the number (seven) of the archons is lost. [edit] Origins [edit] As planets
Irenaeus tells us: "Sanctam Hebdomadem VII stellas, quas dictunt planetas, esse volunt." It is safe, therefore, to take the above seven Gnostic names as designating the seven planetary divinities, the sun, moon and five planets. In the Mandaean system the Seven are introduced with the Babylonian names of the planets. The connexion of the Seven with the planets is also clearly established by the expositions of Celsus and Origen (Contra Celsum, vi. 2 2 seq.) and similarly by the above-cited passage in the Pistis Sophia, where the archons, who are here mentioned as five, are identified with the five planets (excluding the sun and moon).
In this, as in several other systems, the traces of the planetary seven have been obscured, but hardly in any have they become totally effaced. What tended most to obliterate the sevenfold distinction was the identification of the God of the Jews, the Lawgiver, with Yaldabaoth and his designation as World-creator, whereas formerly the seven planets together ruled the world. This confusion, however, was suggested by the very fact that at least five of the seven archons bore Old-Testament names for God—El Shaddai, Adonai, Elohim, Jehovah, Sabaoth.
Wilhelm Anz (Ursprung des Gnosticismus, 1897) has also pointed out that Gnostic eschatology, consisting in the soul's struggle with hostile archons in its attempt to reach the Pleroma, is a close parallel of the soul's ascent, in Babylonian astrology, through the realms of the seven planets to Anu. The late Babylonian religion can definitely be indicated as the home of these ideas.[13]
Adamant Adroit Adversary Affray Aggressor Agile Alacrity Ambush Answer Antagonist Arrogant Asp Assault Assiduous Astute Audacious Awe Badger Blessing Brilliant Bruiser Bulwark Bustler Busy Ca Ira Careful Challenger Chance Charger Chasseur Chivalrous Cobra Colossus Combatant Combustion Comet Conflagration Confounder Conquerant Conquestador Convolvulus Courageux Counterguard Convulsion Crash Crusader Dagger Dapper Daring Dart Dasher Defiance Delight Despatch Desperante Destiny Destruction Determinee Devastation Dextrous Dictator Disdain Dreadful Due Repulse Engageante Escapade Espion Espoir Explosion Extravagant Ferret Fierce Firm Force Formidable Forte Fortitude Fulminate Furieuse Fury Gadfly Gauntlet Genereux Gentille Gleaner Gloire Gnat Grace Dieu Grappler Growler Hardy Harrier Haughty Heartsease Hearty Heir Apparent Hostile Hound Ignition Imperieuse Impeteux Implacable Impregnable Impulsive Incendiary Indefatigable Indignant Indomitable Inflexible Insolent Intelligence Intrepid Inveterate Invincible Irresistible Jalouse Janus Javelin Jolly Jonquil Jubilant Juste L'Abondance L'Impassable Lightning Little Charity Lively Loosestrife Loyal Magicienne Magnanime Magnificent Malice Mandate Matchless Mindful Mischief Monsieur Mordaunt Nemesis Nettle Nimble Noble Nomad Nonpareil Nonsuch Obdurate Odin Onslaught Opportune Oracle Paradox Paramour Patrician Pelter Persistent Petard Petulant Piercer Pincher Pique Plantagenet Porcupine Pouncer Prohibition Prompte Prospero Protector Prudent Puck Puissant Puncher Pursuer Qu'appelle Quest Quickmatch Quittance Rapid Ready Redoubt Relentless Renown Repulse Resolute Restless Revenge Rigorous Robust Rubble Sanguine Savage Scourge Sentinel Sickle Skirmisher Smiter Snapper Spanker Spikenard Spiteful Sprightly Stalwart Staunch Steadfast Stour Striker Stronghold Stubborn Sturdy Subtle Superb Swiftsure Tactician Tenacious Terrible Thrasher Thruster Thrasher Thruster Tiptoe Tireless Tormentor Torrent Torrid Towser Trenchant Truant Truculent Truncheon Tumult Turbulent Tyrant Ultimatum Unbeaten Unbending Unbridled Unbroken Undaunted Unruffled Unruly Unshaken Unsparing Unswerving Untamed Untiring Upholder Uproar Upshot Urgent Usurper Utile Utmost Valorous Vanquisher Vehement Vendetta Venerable Vengeance Venomous Versatile Vigilant Vindictive Violent Vivid Wrangler Zealous Zest