IP Commands
IP Queries
ip addr
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:f2:48:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft 86382sec preferred_lft 86382sec
inet6 fe80::dd54:acdb:d36c:66b7/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:81:83:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::543a:70d2:26da:d9f3/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
ip addr show dev eth1
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip addr show dev eth1
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:81:83:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
ip link
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:f2:48:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:81:83:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
ip link show dev eth1
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip link show dev eth1
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:81:83:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
ip -s link
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip -s link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
RX: bytes packets errors dropped missed mcast
480 8 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
480 8 0 0 0 0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:f2:48:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped missed mcast
590 1 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
3220 25 0 0 0 0
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:81:83:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped missed mcast
0 0 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
19451 116 0 0 0 0
ip -s link show dev eth1
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip -s link show dev eth1
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:81:83:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped missed mcast
0 0 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
19451 116 0 0 0 0
ip route
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip route
default via 10.0.2.2 dev eth0 proto dhcp src 10.0.2.15 metric 100
10.0.2.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.2.15 metric 100
ip maddr
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip maddr
1: lo
inet 224.0.0.1
inet6 ff02::1
inet6 ff01::1
2: eth0
link 01:00:5e:00:00:01
link 33:33:00:00:00:01
link 33:33:ff:6c:66:b7
inet 224.0.0.1
inet6 ff02::1:ff6c:66b7
inet6 ff02::1
inet6 ff01::1
3: eth1
link 01:00:5e:00:00:01
link 33:33:00:00:00:01
link 33:33:ff:da:d9:f3
inet 224.0.0.1
inet6 ff02::1:ffda:d9f3
inet6 ff02::1
inet6 ff01::1
ip maddr show dev eth1
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip maddr show dev eth1
3: eth1
link 01:00:5e:00:00:01
link 33:33:00:00:00:01
link 33:33:ff:da:d9:f3
inet 224.0.0.1
inet6 ff02::1:ffda:d9f3
inet6 ff02::1
inet6 ff01::1
ip neigh
ip neigh show dev eth1
ip help
ip addr help
ip link help
ip neigh help
Modifying Address and Link Properties
ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth1
ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth1
ip link set eth1 up
ip link set eth1 down
ip link set eth1 mtu 9000
ip link set eth1 promisc on
Adjusting and viewing routes
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth1
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1
ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1
ip route get 192.168.1.5
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ip route get 192.168.1.5
192.168.1.5 via 10.0.2.2 dev eth0 src 10.0.2.15 uid 1000
cache
Managing the arp table
ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth1
ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth1
ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth1
Useful Networking commands not from ip route
arpping -I eth0 192.168.1.1
arping -D -I eth0 192.168.1.1
ethtool -g eth0
ethtool -i eth0
ethtool -p eth0
ethtool -S eth0
ss -a
ss -e
ss -o
ss -n
ss -p