mypy-lang.org is an optional static type checker for Python that aims to combine the benefits of dynamic (or "duck") typing and static typing.
- python/mypy Optional static typing for Python
Real Python / Type Checking With Mypy (Video)
DEV Community / Advanced Static Typing with mypy by Chad Dombrova
- part 1
- part 2
- r/Python
Medium / The Comprehensive Guide to mypy by Tushar Sadhwani

Wikipedia

Jinja (template engine) is a web template engine for the Python programming language.

Books

Real Python / The Best Python Books
Automate the Boring Stuff with Python. Practical Programming for Total Beginners by Al Sweigart
Essential SQLAlchemy by Jason Myers and Rick Copeland - 206 pages
Math Adventures with Python. An Illustrated Guide to Exploring Math with Code by Peter Farrell - 304 pages
Publishing Python Packages. TEST, SHARE, AND AUTOMATE YOUR PROJECTS by DANE HILLARD - 248 pages
Learn Python the Hard Way

Python API Development Fundamentals. Develop a full-stack web application with Python and Flask by Jack Chan, Ray Chung, Jack Huang
Flask: Building Python Web Services. Unleash the full potential of the Flask web framework by creating small to large and powerful web applications. A course in three modules by Gareth Dwyer, Shalabh Aggarwal, Jack Stouffer
RealPython.com
- Use a Flask Blueprint to Architect Your Applications
- Build a Scalable Flask Web Project From Scratch
The GitHub Blog / GitHub for Beginners: Building a REST API with Copilot creating a Python/Flask backend with GitHub Copilot's help, covering database setup, user authentication, endpoints
The Flask Mega-Tutorial
- Part I: Hello, World!
- Part VII: Error Handling
  - Хабр / Мега-Учебник Flask Глава 7: Обработка ошибок (издание 2024)

Python Unit Test Automation. Automate, Organize, and Execute Unit Tests in Python by Ashwin Pajankar - 209 pages
Hypothesis is a modern implementation of property based testing
- documentation
freeCodeCamp / How to Write Unit Tests in Python – with Example Test Code Unit testing lets you test individual parts of your software applications.

Trey Hunner help Python developers level-up their skills through Python Morsels, weekly Python exercise service.

freeCodeCamp.org
- How to Use Object-Oriented Programming in Python – Key OOP Concepts and Interview Questions for Beginners Object-oriented programming encourages you to structure your code around objects. And it can help you write more modular, reusable, and scalable software.
- What is Polymorphism in Python? Explained with an Example The word Polymorphism comes from the Greek and means "having many forms".
20 most common magic methods in Python OOP
Real Python
- Implementing an Interface in Python how to implement formal and informal interfaces
- Understanding Informal Interfaces (Video)
- SOLID Principles: Improve Object-Oriented Design in Python These principles can help you create code that is more maintainable, extensible, scalable, and testable.

freeCodeCamp.org / Error Handling in Python – try, except, else, & finally Explained with Code Examples When you're coding in Python, you'll need to know how to handle errors effectively. So Gage wrote this guide to teach you about basic error handling techniques in Python. He covers try, except, else, and finally & demos how they work with code examples.
KDnuggets.com
- 5 Error Handling Patterns in Python (Beyond Try-Except)
- 7 Python Errors That Are Actually Features

RealPython.com
- Logging in Python If you use Python's print() function to get information about the flow of your programs, then logging is the natural next step for you.
- Logging in Python: Introduction (Video)
- How to Use Loguru for Simpler Python Logging spend less time wrestling with logging configuration and more time using logs effectively to debug issues
Хабр / Тонкости работы с логгированием в Python: краткий гайд для разработчиков
DogukanUrker/Tamga Modern, logging utility for Python with multiple output formats and colorful console output.
The Hitchhiker's Guide to Python / Writing Great Python Code / Logging
Dash0 / Application Logging in Python: Recipes for Observability

InfoWorld / The best ORMs for database-powered Python apps
GitHub / Tortoise Familiar asyncio ORM for python, built with relations in mind
- tortoise/orm-benchmarks Simple benchmark suite so we can make tortoise go faster
Хекслет / Python: Django ORM
- Эффективное использование ORM

tomerfiliba/plumbum is a small yet feature-rich library for shell script-like programs
RealPython.com
- Click and Python: Build Extensible and Composable CLI Apps how to use the Click library to build robust, extensible, and user-friendly command-line interfaces (CLI) for your Python automation and tooling scripts.
- 4 Techniques for Testing Python Command-Line (CLI) Apps "lo-fi" print debugging, using a visual debugger, unit testing, and integration testing
- Command Line Interfaces in Python (Overview) (Video)
pexpect/pexpect A Python module for controlling interactive programs in a pseudo-terminal
KDnuggets / Python Typer Tutorial: Build CLIs with Python in Minutes
google/python-fire Python Fire is a library for automatically generating command line interfaces (CLIs) from absolutely any Python object.