List of all features - grambank/grambank GitHub Wiki

Features in the Grambank dataset.

• GB020 Are there definite or specific articles?
• GB021 Do indefinite/non-specific nominals commonly have indefinite/non-specific articles?
• GB022 Are there prenominal articles?
• GB023 Are there postnominal articles?
• GB024 What is the order of numeral and noun in the NP?
• GB025 What is the order of adnominal demonstrative and noun?
• GB026 Can adnominal property words occur discontinuously?
• GB027 Are nominal conjunction and comitative expressed by different elements?
• GB028 Is there a distinction between inclusive and exclusive?
• GB030 Is there a gender distinction in phonologically independent third person pronouns?
• GB031 Is there a dual or unit augmented form (in addition to plural or augmented) for all person categories in the pronoun or person index system?
• GB035 Are there three or more distance contrasts in adnominal demonstratives?
• GB036 Do adnominal demonstratives show an elevation distinction?
• GB037 Do adnominal demonstratives show a visible-nonvisible distinction?
• GB038 Are there demonstrative classifiers?
• GB039 Is there nonphonological allomorphy of noun number markers?
• GB041 Are there several nouns (more than three) which are suppletive for number?
• GB042 Is there a productive overt morphological singular marker on nouns?
• GB043 Is there a productive morphological dual marker on nouns?
• GB044 Is there a productive morphological plural marker on nouns?
• GB046 Is there an associative plural marker for nouns?
• GB047 Is there a productive morphological pattern for deriving an action/state noun from a verb?
• GB048 Is there a productive morphological pattern for deriving an agent noun from a verb?
• GB049 Is there a productive morphological pattern for deriving an object noun from a verb?
• GB051 Is there a noun class/gender system where masculine and feminine categories are a factor in class assignment?
• GB052 Is there a noun class/gender system where shape is a factor in class assignment?
• GB053 Is there a noun class/gender system where animacy is a factor in class assignment?
• GB054 Is there a noun class/gender system where plant status is a factor in class assignment?
• GB057 Are there numeral classifiers?
• GB058 Are there possessive classifiers?
• GB059 Is the adnominal possessive construction different for alienable and inalienable nouns?
• GB065 What is the pragmatically unmarked order of adnominal possessor and possessed noun?
• GB068 Do property words (defined semantically as property concepts such as value, shape, age, dimension) act like verbs in predicative position?
• GB069 Do adnominal property words (defined semantically as property concepts; value, shape, age, dimension) used attributively require the same morphological treatment as verbs?
• GB070 Are there morphological cases for non-pronominal core arguments (i.e. S, A or P)?
• GB071 Are there morphological cases for phonologically independent personal pronominal core arguments (i.e. S, A or P)?
• GB072 Are there morphological cases for oblique non-pronominal NPs (i.e. not S, A or P)?
• GB073 Are there morphological cases for phonologically independent oblique personal pronouns (i.e. not S, A or P)?
• GB074 Are there prepositions?
• GB075 Are there postpositions?
• GB079 Do verbs have prefixes or proclitics other than S, A or P indexes (do include indexes that also mark TAM or negation)?
• GB080 Do verbs have suffixes or enclitics other than S, A or P indexes (do include indexes that also mark TAM or negation)?
• GB081 Is there productive infixation in verbs?
• GB082 Is there overt morphological marking of present tense on verbs?
• GB083 Is there overt morphological marking on the verb dedicated to past tense?
• GB084 Is there overt morphological marking on the verb dedicated to future tense?
• GB086 Is a morphological distinction between perfective and imperfective aspect available on verbs?
• GB089 Can the S argument be indexed by a suffix/enclitic on the verb in the simple independent clause?
• GB090 Can the S argument be indexed by a prefix/proclitic on the verb in the simple independent clause?
• GB091 Can the A argument be indexed by a suffix/enclitic on the verb in the simple independent clause?
• GB092 Can the A argument be indexed by a prefix/proclitic on the verb in the simple independent clause?
• GB093 Can the P argument be indexed by a suffix/enclitic on the verb in the simple independent clause?
• GB094 Can the P argument be indexed by a prefix/proclitic on the verb in the simple independent clause?
• GB095 Are variations in marking strategies of core participants based on TAM distinctions?
• GB096 Are variations in marking strategies of core participants based on verb classes?
• GB098 Are variations in marking strategies of core participants based on person distinctions?
• GB099 Is there verb suppletion for participant person?
• GB103 Can a verb have a benefactive marker (applicative marker or index)?
• GB104 Can a verb have an instrumental marker (applicative marker or index)?
• GB105 Can the recipient in a ditransitive construction be marked like the transitive patient?
• GB107 Can standard negation be marked by an affix, clitic or modification of the verb?
• GB108 Is there directional or locative morphological marking on verbs?
• GB109 Is there verb suppletion for participant number?
• GB110 Is there verb suppletion for tense or aspect?
• GB111 Are there conjugation classes?
• GB113 Are there verbal affixes or clitics that turn intransitive verbs into transitive ones?
• GB114 Is there a phonologically bound reflexive marker on the verb?
• GB115 Is there a phonologically bound reciprocal marker on the verb?
• GB116 Do verbs classify the shape, size or consistency of absolutive arguments by means of incorporated nouns, verbal affixes or suppletive verb stems?
• GB117 Is there a copula for predicate nominals?
• GB118 Are there serial verb constructions?
• GB119 Can mood be marked by an inflecting word (‘auxiliary verb’)?
• GB120 Can aspect be marked by an inflecting word (‘auxiliary verb’)?
• GB121 Can tense be marked by an inflecting word (‘auxiliary verb’)?
• GB122 Is verb compounding a regular process?
• GB123 Are there verb-adjunct (aka light-verb) constructions?
• GB124 Is incorporation of nouns into verbs a productive intransitivizing process?
• GB126 Is there an existential verb?
• GB127 Are different posture verbs used obligatorily depending on an inanimate locatum's shape or position (e.g. 'to lie' vs. 'to stand')?
• GB129 Is there a notably small number of verb roots in the language?
• GB130 What is the pragmatically unmarked order of S and V in intransitive clauses?
• GB131 Is a pragmatically unmarked constituent order verb-initial for transitive clauses?
• GB132 Is a pragmatically unmarked constituent order verb-medial for transitive clauses?
• GB133 Is a pragmatically unmarked constituent order verb-final for transitive clauses?
• GB134 Is the order of constituents the same in main and subordinate clauses?
• GB135 Do clausal objects usually occur in the same position as nominal objects?
• GB136 Is the order of core argument (i.e. S, A, and P) constituents fixed?
• GB137 Can standard negation be marked clause-finally?
• GB138 Can standard negation be marked clause-initially?
• GB139 Is there a difference between imperative (prohibitive) and declarative negation constructions?
• GB140 Is verbal predication marked by the same negator as all of the following types of predication: locational, existential and nominal?
• GB146 Is there a morpho-syntactic distinction between predicates expressing controlled versus uncontrolled events or states?
• GB147 Is there a morphological passive marked on the lexical verb?
• GB148 Is there a morphological antipassive marked on the lexical verb?
• GB149 Is there a morphologically marked inverse on verbs?
• GB150 Is there clause chaining?
• GB151 Is there an overt verb marker dedicated to signaling coreference or noncoreference between the subject of one clause and an argument of an adjacent clause ('switch reference')?
• GB152 Is there a morphologically marked distinction between simultaneous and sequential clauses?
• GB155 Are causatives formed by affixes or clitics on verbs?
• GB156 Is there a causative construction involving an element that is unmistakably grammaticalized from a verb for 'to say'?
• GB158 Are verbs reduplicated?
• GB159 Are nouns reduplicated?
• GB160 Are elements apart from verbs or nouns reduplicated?
• GB165 Is there a productive morphological trial marker on nouns?
• GB166 Is there a productive morphological paucal marker on nouns?
• GB167 Is there a logophoric pronoun?
• GB170 Can an adnominal property word agree with the noun in noun class/gender?
• GB171 Can an adnominal demonstrative agree with the noun in noun class/gender?
• GB172 Can an article agree with the noun in noun class/gender?
• GB177 Can the verb carry a marker of animacy of argument, unrelated to any noun class/gender of the argument visible in the NP domain?
• GB184 Can an adnominal property word agree with the noun in number?
• GB185 Can an adnominal demonstrative agree with the noun in number?
• GB186 Can an article agree with the noun in number?
• GB187 Is there any productive diminutive marking on the noun (exclude marking by system of nominal classification only)?
• GB188 Is there any productive augmentative marking on the noun (exclude marking by system of nominal classification only)?
• GB192 Is there a noun class/gender system where a noun's phonological properties are a factor in class assignment?
• GB193 What is the order of adnominal property word and noun?
• GB196 Is there a masculine/feminine distinction in phonologically independent second person pronouns?
• GB197 Is there a masculine/feminine distinction in phonologically independent first person pronouns?
• GB198 Can an adnominal numeral agree with the noun in noun class/gender?
• GB203 What is the order of the adnominal collective universal quantifier ('all') and the noun?
• GB204 Do collective ('all') and distributive ('every') universal quantifiers differ in their forms or their syntactic positions?
• GB250 Can predicative possession be expressed with a transitive 'habeo' verb?
• GB252 Can predicative possession be expressed with an S-like possessum and a locative-coded possessor?
• GB253 Can predicative possession be expressed with an S-like possessum and a dative-coded possessor?
• GB254 Can predicative possession be expressed with an S-like possessum and a possessor that is coded like an adnominal possessor?
• GB256 Can predicative possession be expressed with a comitative/conjunctional construction?
• GB257 Can polar interrogation be marked by intonation only?
• GB260 Can polar interrogation be indicated by a special word order?
• GB262 Is there a clause-initial polar interrogative particle?
• GB263 Is there a clause-final polar interrogative particle?
• GB264 Is there a polar interrogative particle that most commonly occurs neither clause-initially nor clause-finally?
• GB265 Is there a comparative construction that includes a form that elsewhere means 'surpass, exceed'?
• GB266 Is there a comparative construction that employs a marker of the standard which elsewhere has a locational meaning?
• GB270 Can comparatives be expressed using two conjoined clauses?
• GB273 Is there a comparative construction with a standard marker that elsewhere has neither a locational meaning nor a 'surpass/exceed' meaning?
• GB275 Is there a bound comparative degree marker on the property word in a comparative construction?
• GB276 Is there a non-bound comparative degree marker modifying the property word in a comparative construction?
• GB285 Can polar interrogation be marked by a question particle and verbal morphology?
• GB286 Can polar interrogation be indicated by overt verbal morphology only?
• GB291 Can polar interrogation be marked by tone?
• GB296 Is there a phonologically or morphosyntactically definable class of ideophones that includes ideophones depicting imagery beyond sound?
• GB297 Can polar interrogation be indicated by a V-not-V construction?
• GB298 Can standard negation be marked by an inflecting word ('auxiliary verb')?
• GB299 Can standard negation be marked by a non-inflecting word ('auxiliary particle')?
• GB300 Does the verb for ‘give’ have suppletive verb forms?
• GB301 Is there an inclusory construction?
• GB302 Is there a phonologically free passive marker ('particle' or 'auxiliary')?
• GB303 Is there a phonologically free antipassive marker ('particle' or 'auxiliary')?
• GB304 Can the agent be expressed overtly in a passive clause?
• GB305 Is there a phonologically independent reflexive marker?
• GB306 Is there a phonologically independent reciprocal marker that does not consist of two quantifiers (e.g. each + other; two + two)?
• GB309 Are there multiple past or multiple future tenses, distinguishing distance from Time of Reference?
• GB312 Is there overt morphological marking on the verb dedicated to mood?
• GB313 Are there special adnominal possessive pronouns that are not formed by an otherwise regular process?
• GB314 Can augmentative meaning be expressed productively by a shift of noun class/gender?
• GB315 Can diminutive meaning be expressed productively by a shift of noun class/gender?
• GB316 Is singular number regularly marked in the noun phrase by a phonologically free element?
• GB317 Is dual number regularly marked in the noun phrase by a phonologically free element?
• GB318 Is plural number regularly marked in the noun phrase by a phonologically free element?
• GB319 Is trial number regularly marked in the noun phrase by a phonologically free element?
• GB320 Is paucal number regularly marked in the noun phrase by a phonologically free element?
• GB321 Is there a large class of nouns whose noun class/gender is not phonologically or semantically predictable?
• GB322 Is there grammatical marking of direct evidence (perceived with the senses)?
• GB323 Is there grammatical marking of indirect evidence (hearsay, inference, etc.)?
• GB324 Is there an interrogative verb for content interrogatives (who?, what?, etc.)?
• GB325 Is there a count/mass distinction in interrogative quantifiers?
• GB326 Do (nominal) content interrogatives normally or frequently occur in situ?
• GB327 Can the relative clause follow the noun?
• GB328 Can the relative clause precede the noun?
• GB329 Are there internally-headed relative clauses?
• GB330 Are there correlative relative clauses?
• GB331 Are there non-adjacent relative clauses?
• GB333 Is there a decimal numeral system?
• GB334 Is there synchronic evidence for any element of a quinary numeral system?
• GB335 Is there synchronic evidence for any element of a vigesimal numeral system?
• GB336 Is there a body-part tallying system?
• GB400 Are all person categories neutralized in some voice, tense, aspect, mood and/or negation?
• GB401 Is there a class of patient-labile verbs?
• GB402 Does the verb for ‘see’ have suppletive verb forms?
• GB403 Does the verb for ‘come’ have suppletive verb forms?
• GB408 Is there any accusative alignment of flagging?
• GB409 Is there any ergative alignment of flagging?
• GB410 Is there any neutral alignment of flagging?
• GB415 Is there a politeness distinction in second person forms?
• GB421 Is there a preposed complementizer for complements of verbs of thinking and/or knowing?
• GB422 Is there a postposed complementizer for complements of verbs of thinking and/or knowing?
• GB430 Can adnominal possession be marked by a prefix on the possessor?
• GB431 Can adnominal possession be marked by a prefix on the possessed noun?
• GB432 Can adnominal possession be marked by a suffix on the possessor?
• GB433 Can adnominal possession be marked by a suffix on the possessed noun?
• GB519 Can mood be marked by a non-inflecting word ('auxiliary particle')?
• GB520 Can aspect be marked by a non-inflecting word (‘auxiliary particle’)?
• GB521 Can tense be marked by a non-inflecting word (‘auxiliary particle’)?
• GB522 Can the S or A argument be omitted from a pragmatically unmarked clause when the referent is inferable from context ('pro-drop')?