OkHttp框架使用简介 - eworkapp/okhttp GitHub Wiki
OkHttp框架使用简介 一：简介 OKHttp是Android版Http客户端。非常高效，支持SPDY、连接池、GZIP和 HTTP 缓存。默认情况下，OKHttp会自动处理常见的网络问题，像二次连接、SSL的握手问题。如果你的应用程序中集成了OKHttp，Retrofit默认会使用OKHttp处理其他网络层请求。 An HTTP & SPDY client for Android and Java applications 从Android4.4开始HttpURLConnection的底层实现采用的是okHttp. 使用要求:对于Android：2.3以上，对于Java:java7以上 两个模块： okhttp-urlconnection实现.HttpURLConnection API； okhttp-apache实现Apache HttpClient API. 依赖：okio(https://github.com/square/okio): Okio, which OkHttp uses for fast I/O and resizable buffers.
二：下载及安装
下载地址: http://repository.sonatype.org/service/local/artifact/maven/redirect?r=central-proxy&g=com.squareup.okhttp&a=okhttp&v=LATEST
安装:
将下载的jar包导入工程的libs目录即可。
三 ：使用 1、 基本get请求（将会介绍的详细些 ，因为后面的方法基本雷同） 以请求网页数据为例： 1）以下是发送一个get请求的步骤，首先构造一个Request对象，参数最起码有个url。 2）然后通过Request对象去构造得到一个Call对象，类似于将你的请求封装成了任务。 3）最后以异步方式请求，所以我们调用的是call.enqueue，最后在CallBack中得到结果。 看到这，你会发现，整体写法还是比较长的，所以封装肯定是要做的。
onResponse回调的参数是response，一般情况下，比如我们希望获得返回的字符串，可以通过response.body().string()获取；如果希望获得返回的二进制字节数组，则调用response.body().bytes()；如果你想拿到返回的inputStream，则调用response.body().byteStream()
具体如下： OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
//创建一个Request final Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("https://github.com/") .build(); //new call Callback call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request); //请求加入调度 call.enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) { }
@Override
public void onResponse(final Response response) throws IOException
{
//String htmlStr = response.body().string();
}
});
2：Post提交键值对 OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); String post(String url, String json) throws IOException {
RequestBody formBody = new FormEncodingBuilder()
.add("platform", "android")
.add("name", "bug")
.add("subject", "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX")
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.post(body)
.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
if (response.isSuccessful()) {
return response.body().string();
} else {
throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
}
}
大家都清楚，post的时候，参数是包含在请求体中的；所以我们通过RequestBody 。添加多个String键值对，然后去构造RequestBody，最后完成我们Request的构造。 后面的就和上面一样了
3：Post提交流 以流的方式POST提交请求体。请求体的内容由流写入产生。这个例子是流直接写入Okio的BufferedSink。你的程序可能会使用OutputStream，你可以使用BufferedSink.outputStream()来获取。 public static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN = MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception { RequestBody requestBody = new RequestBody() { @Override public MediaType contentType() { return MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN; }
@Override public void writeTo(BufferedSink sink) throws IOException {
sink.writeUtf8("Numbers\n");
sink.writeUtf8("-------\n");
for (int i = 2; i <= 997; i++) {
sink.writeUtf8(String.format(" * %s = %s\n", i, factor(i)));
}
}
private String factor(int n) {
for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
int x = n / i;
if (x * i == n) return factor(x) + " × " + i;
}
return Integer.toString(n);
}
};
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://api.github.com/markdown/raw")
.post(requestBody)
.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
4：文件上传 以文件作为请求体是十分简单的，text/x-markdown是文件路径、charset=utf-8是上传格式 public static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN = MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception { File file = new File("README.md");
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://api.github.com/markdown/raw")
.post(RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN, file))
.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
5：异步下载文件 下载一个文件，打印他的响应头，以string形式打印响应体。响应体的 string() 方法对于小文档来说十分方便、高效。但是如果响应体太大（超过1MB），应避免适应 string()方法 ，因为他会将把整个文档加载到内存中。对于超过1MB的响应body，应使用流的方式来处理body。 下载图片同理。 private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception { Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("http://publicobject.com/helloworld.txt") .build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override public void onFailure(Request request, Throwable throwable) {
throwable.printStackTrace();
}
@Override public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
Headers responseHeaders = response.headers();
for (int i = 0; i < responseHeaders.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(responseHeaders.name(i) + ": " + responseHeaders.value(i));
}
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
});
}
6：使用Gson解析json的响应 Gson是一个在JSON和Java对象之间转换非常方便的api。这里我们用Gson来解析Github API的JSON响应。 注意：ResponseBody.charStream()使用响应头Content-Type指定的字符集来解析响应体。默认是UTF-8 private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); private final Gson gson = new Gson();
public void run() throws Exception { Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("https://api.github.com/gists/c2a7c39532239ff261be") .build(); Response response = client.newCall(request).execute(); if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
Gist gist = gson.fromJson(response.body().charStream(), Gist.class);
for (Map.Entry<String, GistFile> entry : gist.files.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey());
System.out.println(entry.getValue().content);
}
}
static class Gist { Map<String, GistFile> files; }
static class GistFile { String content; }
最后将请求方法进行封装如下： public class OkHttpClientManager { private static OkHttpClientManager mInstance; private OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient; private Handler mDelivery; private Gson mGson;
private static final String TAG = "OkHttpClientManager";
private OkHttpClientManager()
{
mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
//cookie enabled
mOkHttpClient.setCookieHandler(new CookieManager(null, CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER));
mDelivery = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
mGson = new Gson();
}
public static OkHttpClientManager getInstance()
{
if (mInstance == null)
{
synchronized (OkHttpClientManager.class)
{
if (mInstance == null)
{
mInstance = new OkHttpClientManager();
}
}
}
return mInstance;
}
/**
* 同步的Get请求
*
* @param url
* @return Response
*/
private Response _getAsyn(String url) throws IOException
{
final Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.build();
Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request);
Response execute = call.execute();
return execute;
}
/**
* 同步的Get请求
*
* @param url
* @return 字符串
*/
private String _getAsString(String url) throws IOException
{
Response execute = _getAsyn(url);
return execute.body().string();
}
/**
* 异步的get请求
*
* @param url
* @param callback
*/
private void _getAsyn(String url, final ResultCallback callback)
{
final Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.build();
deliveryResult(callback, request);
}
/**
* 同步的Post请求
*
* @param url
* @param params post的参数
* @return
*/
private Response _post(String url, Param... params) throws IOException
{
Request request = buildPostRequest(url, params);
Response response = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
return response;
}
/**
* 同步的Post请求
*
* @param url
* @param params post的参数
* @return 字符串
*/
private String _postAsString(String url, Param... params) throws IOException
{
Response response = _post(url, params);
return response.body().string();
}
/**
* 异步的post请求
*
* @param url
* @param callback
* @param params
*/
private void _postAsyn(String url, final ResultCallback callback, Param... params)
{
Request request = buildPostRequest(url, params);
deliveryResult(callback, request);
}
/**
* 异步的post请求
*
* @param url
* @param callback
* @param params
*/
private void _postAsyn(String url, final ResultCallback callback, Map<String, String> params)
{
Param[] paramsArr = map2Params(params);
Request request = buildPostRequest(url, paramsArr);
deliveryResult(callback, request);
}
/**
* 同步基于post的文件上传
*
* @param params
* @return
*/
private Response _post(String url, File[] files, String[] fileKeys, Param... params) throws IOException
{
Request request = buildMultipartFormRequest(url, files, fileKeys, params);
return mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
}
private Response _post(String url, File file, String fileKey) throws IOException
{
Request request = buildMultipartFormRequest(url, new File[]{file}, new String[]{fileKey}, null);
return mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
}
private Response _post(String url, File file, String fileKey, Param... params) throws IOException
{
Request request = buildMultipartFormRequest(url, new File[]{file}, new String[]{fileKey}, params);
return mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
}
/**
* 异步基于post的文件上传
*
* @param url
* @param callback
* @param files
* @param fileKeys
* @throws IOException
*/
private void _postAsyn(String url, ResultCallback callback, File[] files, String[] fileKeys, Param... params) throws IOException
{
Request request = buildMultipartFormRequest(url, files, fileKeys, params);
deliveryResult(callback, request);
}
/**
* 异步基于post的文件上传，单文件不带参数上传
*
* @param url
* @param callback
* @param file
* @param fileKey
* @throws IOException
*/
private void _postAsyn(String url, ResultCallback callback, File file, String fileKey) throws IOException
{
Request request = buildMultipartFormRequest(url, new File[]{file}, new String[]{fileKey}, null);
deliveryResult(callback, request);
}
/**
* 异步基于post的文件上传，单文件且携带其他form参数上传
*
* @param url
* @param callback
* @param file
* @param fileKey
* @param params
* @throws IOException
*/
private void _postAsyn(String url, ResultCallback callback, File file, String fileKey, Param... params) throws IOException
{
Request request = buildMultipartFormRequest(url, new File[]{file}, new String[]{fileKey}, params);
deliveryResult(callback, request);
}
/**
* 异步下载文件
*
* @param url
* @param destFileDir 本地文件存储的文件夹
* @param callback
*/
private void _downloadAsyn(final String url, final String destFileDir, final ResultCallback callback)
{
final Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.build();
final Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request);
call.enqueue(new Callback()
{
@Override
public void onFailure(final Request request, final IOException e)
{
sendFailedStringCallback(request, e, callback);
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Response response)
{
InputStream is = null;
byte[] buf = new byte[2048];
int len = 0;
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try
{
is = response.body().byteStream();
File file = new File(destFileDir, getFileName(url));
fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)
{
fos.write(buf, 0, len);
}
fos.flush();
//如果下载文件成功，第一个参数为文件的绝对路径
sendSuccessResultCallback(file.getAbsolutePath(), callback);
} catch (IOException e)
{
sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, callback);
} finally
{
try
{
if (is != null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e)
{
}
try
{
if (fos != null) fos.close();
} catch (IOException e)
{
}
}
}
});
}
private String getFileName(String path)
{
int separatorIndex = path.lastIndexOf("/");
return (separatorIndex < 0) ? path : path.substring(separatorIndex + 1, path.length());
}
/**
* 加载图片
*
* @param view
* @param url
* @throws IOException
*/
private void _displayImage(final ImageView view, final String url, final int errorResId)
{
final Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.build();
Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request);
call.enqueue(new Callback()
{
@Override
public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e)
{
setErrorResId(view, errorResId);
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Response response)
{
InputStream is = null;
try
{
is = response.body().byteStream();
ImageUtils.ImageSize actualImageSize = ImageUtils.getImageSize(is);
ImageUtils.ImageSize imageViewSize = ImageUtils.getImageViewSize(view);
int inSampleSize = ImageUtils.calculateInSampleSize(actualImageSize, imageViewSize);
try
{
is.reset();
} catch (IOException e)
{
response = _getAsyn(url);
is = response.body().byteStream();
}
BitmapFactory.Options ops = new BitmapFactory.Options();
ops.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
ops.inSampleSize = inSampleSize;
final Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, ops);
mDelivery.post(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
view.setImageBitmap(bm);
}
});
} catch (Exception e)
{
setErrorResId(view, errorResId);
} finally
{
if (is != null) try
{
is.close();
} catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
}
private void setErrorResId(final ImageView view, final int errorResId)
{
mDelivery.post(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
view.setImageResource(errorResId);
}
});
}
//*************对外公布的方法************
public static Response getAsyn(String url) throws IOException
{
return getInstance()._getAsyn(url);
}
public static String getAsString(String url) throws IOException
{
return getInstance()._getAsString(url);
}
public static void getAsyn(String url, ResultCallback callback)
{
getInstance()._getAsyn(url, callback);
}
public static Response post(String url, Param... params) throws IOException
{
return getInstance()._post(url, params);
}
public static String postAsString(String url, Param... params) throws IOException
{
return getInstance()._postAsString(url, params);
}
public static void postAsyn(String url, final ResultCallback callback, Param... params)
{
getInstance()._postAsyn(url, callback, params);
}
public static void postAsyn(String url, final ResultCallback callback, Map<String, String> params)
{
getInstance()._postAsyn(url, callback, params);
}
public static Response post(String url, File[] files, String[] fileKeys, Param... params) throws IOException
{
return getInstance()._post(url, files, fileKeys, params);
}
public static Response post(String url, File file, String fileKey) throws IOException
{
return getInstance()._post(url, file, fileKey);
}
public static Response post(String url, File file, String fileKey, Param... params) throws IOException
{
return getInstance()._post(url, file, fileKey, params);
}
public static void postAsyn(String url, ResultCallback callback, File[] files, String[] fileKeys, Param... params) throws IOException
{
getInstance()._postAsyn(url, callback, files, fileKeys, params);
}
public static void postAsyn(String url, ResultCallback callback, File file, String fileKey) throws IOException
{
getInstance()._postAsyn(url, callback, file, fileKey);
}
public static void postAsyn(String url, ResultCallback callback, File file, String fileKey, Param... params) throws IOException
{
getInstance()._postAsyn(url, callback, file, fileKey, params);
}
public static void displayImage(final ImageView view, String url, int errorResId) throws IOException
{
getInstance()._displayImage(view, url, errorResId);
}
public static void displayImage(final ImageView view, String url)
{
getInstance()._displayImage(view, url, -1);
}
public static void downloadAsyn(String url, String destDir, ResultCallback callback)
{
getInstance()._downloadAsyn(url, destDir, callback);
}
//****************************
private Request buildMultipartFormRequest(String url, File[] files,
String[] fileKeys, Param[] params)
{
params = validateParam(params);
MultipartBuilder builder = new MultipartBuilder()
.type(MultipartBuilder.FORM);
for (Param param : params)
{
builder.addPart(Headers.of("Content-Disposition", "form-data; name=\"" + param.key + "\""),
RequestBody.create(null, param.value));
}
if (files != null)
{
RequestBody fileBody = null;
for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++)
{
File file = files[i];
String fileName = file.getName();
fileBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse(guessMimeType(fileName)), file);
//TODO 根据文件名设置contentType
builder.addPart(Headers.of("Content-Disposition",
"form-data; name=\"" + fileKeys[i] + "\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\""),
fileBody);
}
}
RequestBody requestBody = builder.build();
return new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.post(requestBody)
.build();
}
private String guessMimeType(String path)
{
FileNameMap fileNameMap = URLConnection.getFileNameMap();
String contentTypeFor = fileNameMap.getContentTypeFor(path);
if (contentTypeFor == null)
{
contentTypeFor = "application/octet-stream";
}
return contentTypeFor;
}
private Param[] validateParam(Param[] params)
{
if (params == null)
return new Param[0];
else return params;
}
private Param[] map2Params(Map<String, String> params)
{
if (params == null) return new Param[0];
int size = params.size();
Param[] res = new Param[size];
Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entries = params.entrySet();
int i = 0;
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entries)
{
res[i++] = new Param(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
return res;
}
private static final String SESSION_KEY = "Set-Cookie";
private static final String mSessionKey = "JSESSIONID";
private Map<String, String> mSessions = new HashMap<String, String>();
private void deliveryResult(final ResultCallback callback, Request request)
{
mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback()
{
@Override
public void onFailure(final Request request, final IOException e)
{
sendFailedStringCallback(request, e, callback);
}
@Override
public void onResponse(final Response response)
{
try
{
final String string = response.body().string();
if (callback.mType == String.class)
{
sendSuccessResultCallback(string, callback);
} else
{
Object o = mGson.fromJson(string, callback.mType);
sendSuccessResultCallback(o, callback);
}
} catch (IOException e)
{
sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, callback);
} catch (com.google.gson.JsonParseException e)//Json解析的错误
{
sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, callback);
}
}
});
}
private void sendFailedStringCallback(final Request request, final Exception e, final ResultCallback callback)
{
mDelivery.post(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
if (callback != null)
callback.onError(request, e);
}
});
}
private void sendSuccessResultCallback(final Object object, final ResultCallback callback)
{
mDelivery.post(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
if (callback != null)
{
callback.onResponse(object);
}
}
});
}
private Request buildPostRequest(String url, Param[] params)
{
if (params == null)
{
params = new Param[0];
}
FormEncodingBuilder builder = new FormEncodingBuilder();
for (Param param : params)
{
builder.add(param.key, param.value);
}
RequestBody requestBody = builder.build();
return new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.post(requestBody)
.build();
}
public static abstract class ResultCallback<T>
{
Type mType;
public ResultCallback()
{
mType = getSuperclassTypeParameter(getClass());
}
static Type getSuperclassTypeParameter(Class<?> subclass)
{
Type superclass = subclass.getGenericSuperclass();
if (superclass instanceof Class)
{
throw new RuntimeException("Missing type parameter.");
}
ParameterizedType parameterized = (ParameterizedType) superclass;
return $Gson$Types.canonicalize(parameterized.getActualTypeArguments()[0]);
}
public abstract void onError(Request request, Exception e);
public abstract void onResponse(T response);
}
public static class Param
{
public Param()
{
}
public Param(String key, String value)
{
this.key = key;
this.value = value;
}
String key;
String value;
}
}
/**
- Created by zhangbiao 16/1/11. */