Electronics and Chassis Short Troubleshooting - directedmachines/customer-support GitHub Wiki
Table of Contents
Overview
This page covers diagnosis of a short in the electronics or chassis.
Symptoms
There are a number of symptoms that might indicate a short:
- A failure of a USB port on the USB hub or Pi:
- Could indicate a short burning out the USB port
- A motor controller device disappearing, as indicated in the Drivetrain Wiki, or by the following alert:
LEFT_MOTOR: device address opened previously but no longer exists, check for USB disconnects or chassis shorts
- USB cameras not enumerating, as indicated in the USB Side Cam Wiki, the Realsense Camera Wiki, or by the following alert:
usbcam-left-color: Capture process returned nonzero exit code: (3.000000) Error initializing the camera stream
- USB devices continuously responding/not responding, as indicated in the kernel log as:
LCR24ZS0-6916625187c4bd849 kernel: [90918.848556] usb 1-1.4.2.3.3: new full-speed USB device number 99 using xhci_hcd
LCR24ZS0-6916625187c4bd849 kernel: [90918.848807] usb 1-1.4.2.3.3: Device not responding to setup address.
- A sudden reboot, as indicated in the Kernel log as:
\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000
Nov 30 09:27:46 LCR24ZS0-698843510034ccf56 systemd-modules-load[141]: Inserted module 'i2c_dev'",
Reproduction
- A repro of the short must be established before diagnosis continue. If you do not have a repro, work on creating one
- The repro can be dynamic or static
- If you fail to create a repro within 20 minutes of trying, ask for help from the R&D team
- Once a repro is established, diagnosis can continue with a disciplined process of elimination
- Remove a component, repro, remove next component, repro, ...
- Continue removing components until the faulty component is found (when the short can no longer be reproduced)
Diagnosis
- Use a multimeter to test for the voltages and continuity of the following. A manual of our multimeter can be accessed here
Voltage checks:
- Multimeter setup:
- Switch to DC Voltage Mode --V
- Ensure the black lead is connected to "COM"
- Ensure the red lead is connected to the right hole labeled "VΩHzLive"
- Measure the voltage between:
- Large copper GND busbar and large copper 48V busbar. Should read ~50-57V
- Large copper GND busbar and GND post on Tray Brain. Should read ~0V
- Large copper GND busbar and 12V post on Tray Brain. Should read ~12V
- The GND post on Tray Brain and 12V post on Tray Brain. Should read ~12V
Continuity checks
- Multimeter setup:
- Switch to continuity mode by rotating to the selector to the option with Ω and then presssing "FUNC"
- Ensure the black lead is connected to "COM"
- Ensure the red lead is connected to the right hole labeled "VΩHzLive"
- The buzzer will sound if the resistance of a circuit under test is less than 100Ω
- Check continuity between:
- Large copper GND busbar and large copper 48V busbar. Should not beep
- Large copper GND busbar and GND post on Tray Brain. Should beep (unless isolated 48V -> 12V converter is used)
- Large copper GND busbar to 12V post on Tray Brain. Should not beep
- Large copper GND busbar to backplane. Should not beep.
- The GND post on Tray Brain to 12V post on Tray Brain. Should not beep
- The GND post on Tray Brain to backplane. Should not beep
- M+ on AUXMC to Backplane. Should not beep
- M- on AUXMC to Backplane. Should not beep
- M+ on LMC to Backplane. Should not beep
- M- on LMC to Backplane. Should not beep
- M+ on RMC to Backplane. Should not beep
- M- on RMC to Backplane. Should not beep
- POS post on the Aux Motor to the Motor frame. Should not beep
- GND post on the Aux Motor to the Motor frame. Should not beep
- Modem frame to Backplane. Should not beep
- USB Hub to Backplane. Should not beep
- If it does beep, disconnect Axle camera, check again. Should not beep.
- If it does beep, disconnect Right camera, check again. Should not beep.
- If it does beep, disconnect Caster camera, check again. Should not beep.
- If it does beep, disconnect Dock camera, check again. Should not beep.
- If it does beep, disconnect Left camera, check again. Should not beep.
Frame Sort Pico Tray Diagnosis
Before performing a physical diagnosis, please review frame sort warning, including this presentation
Physical Diagnosis
- If one of the above tests fail, use the following steps to locate the issue
- Note the above continuity testing may not find a short inside a USB device
- Carefully examine all wiring for any breaks, frays, or disconnects
- Do a proper shutdown and disconnect all elevator terminals from the Tray Controller (e.g., headlights, modem, usb hub, buzzer, pi power)
- Check for continuity from the ground of each of these elevator terminals to the frame once unplugged to narrow down the source of the short.
- If short is in the USB hub or pi, begin disconnecting all USB devices, starting with the side cameras and axle/caster cameras
- After each disconnect, recheck continuity to see if the issue has been resolved. Kernel logs may also be helpful for internal USB shorts.
- Use this method to narrow down if a USB device is causing the short
- Disconnect both antenna SMA connectors from the modem and test continuity
- Disconnect motor Anderson connectors from the tray and test for continuity between + and - leads of the 175A Anderson connectors to the frame.
- Disconnect dock anderson from tray and test for continuity between the ground contact plate and the frame
- Disconnect Molex connectors to the linear actuators and test if they are shorted
- The latest 3.3.2 Motor Controller can cause a short if it is screwed down too tightly onto the frame
- See This thread in Slack
- Loosening or removing the following screw can resolve the issue:
- If tray brain + motors + dock are all disconnected and there is still a frame short:
- do a full LCR shutdown
- unplug the 350A battery connector
- test continuity between the GND contact on the batteries and the frame
- Test MC ground shorts
- Use a wrench to unscrew the ground connection from each of the motor controller BATT- inputs
- Once removed test continuity between the BATT- posts and the frame. If shorted, the thermal pad may need to be replaced on that MC.
- A shorted SCC can cause a frame short
- After a full power down, remove the BATT +/- wires from the SCC and test continuity
- If continuity is found, the SCC is shorted and should be replaced
- Intermittent frame shorts can be caused by the aux motor being clogged with grass
- Remove the aux motor hat and clean grass from the brushes
Parts
Here are the parts referred to on this page:
AltSCC (on old LCRs) - 003988
- AltSCC refers to the entire board (green) with:
- GND Post (black)
- 12V Post (red)
- Tray Controller Breakout (blue) (arrow pointing to VBUS post)
Tray Brain (on new LCRs) - 004679
- Tray Brain refers to the entire board (green) with:
- GND Post (black)
- 12V Post (red)
Motor Controllers - 003007
- AUXMC (left), LMC (middle), RMC (right) with:
- M+ (red), M- (black)
Busbars - 002770
- GND Busbar (left) and 48V Busbar (right)