The five keys to a successful team - countingmars/countingmars.github.io GitHub Wiki

https://rework.withgoogle.com/blog/five-keys-to-a-successful-google-team/

ꡬ글 μΈμ‚¬νŒ€μ˜ ν•œ 그룹은 데이터와 μ² μ €ν•œ λΆ„μ„μœΌλ‘œ 이 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λŒ€ν•œ 해닡을 μ°Ύμ•„λ‚˜μ„°λ‹€: 무엇이 ꡬ글 νŒ€μ„ 효과적으둜 λ§Œλ“œλŠ”κ°€?

A group of us in Google's People Operations (what we call HR) set out to answer this question using data and rigorous analysis: What makes a Google team effective? We shared our research earlier today with the Associated Press, and we're sharing the findings here, as well.

μ§€λ‚œ 2λ…„κ°„, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 200νšŒκ°€ λ„˜λŠ” κ΅¬κΈ€λŸ¬(ꡬ글 직원) 인터뷰λ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν–ˆκ³  180개의 κ΅¬κΈ€νŒ€μ˜ 250κ°œκ°€ λ„˜λŠ” νŠΉμ„±μ„ μ‚΄νˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ νŒ€μ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 개인적 μ„±ν–₯κ³Ό 기술의 μ™„λ²½ν•œ 쑰합을 μ°Ύμ„κΊΌλΌλŠ”λ° κ½€ μžμ‹ μ— μ°¨μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. ν•œλͺ…μ˜ 둜즈 μž₯학생, 두λͺ…μ˜ μ™Έν–₯적인 인물, AngularJS의 핡심인 ν•œλͺ…μ˜ μ—”μ§€λ‹ˆμ–΄, 그리고 ν•œλͺ…μ˜ 박사 Voila. λ“œλ¦ΌνŒ€μ΄μ§€ μ•Šμ€κ°€?

Over two years we conducted 200+ interviews with Googlers (our employees) and looked at more than 250 attributes of 180+ active Google teams. We were pretty confident that we'd find the perfect mix of individual traits and skills necessary for a stellar team - take one Rhodes Scholar, two extroverts, one engineer who rocks at AngularJS, and a PhD. Voila. Dream team assembled, right?

μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ™„μ „νžˆ 잘λͺ» μƒκ°ν–ˆμ—ˆλ‹€. νŒ€μ— λˆ„κ°€ μžˆλŠ”κ°€λŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ νŒ€μ›λ“€μ΄ ν˜‘μ—…ν•˜κ³ , μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 일을 λΆ„λ‹΄ν•˜κ³ , 그리고 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κΈ°μ—¬λ₯Ό λ°”λΌλ³΄λŠ”κ°€λ³΄λ‹€ 덜 μ€‘μš”ν–ˆλ‹€. λ§ˆλ²• 곡식은 그만!

We were dead wrong, Who is on a team matters less than how the team members interact, structure their work, and view their contributions. So much for that magical algorithm.

μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 성곡적인 νŒ€κ³Ό κ·Έλ ‡μ§€ μ•Šμ€ νŒ€μ„ ꡬ별할 수 μžˆλŠ” λ‹€μ„―κ°œμ˜ 핡심 μ—­ν•™(key dynamics)λ₯Ό λ°°μ› λ‹€.

  1. 심리적 μ•ˆμ „μ„±: μ•ˆμ „ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λ‹€κ±°λ‚˜ λ‹Ήν™©μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ λŠλ‚Œμ„ λ°›μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄μ„œ νŒ€μ—μ„œ λͺ¨ν—˜μ„ ν•΄λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ”κ°€? νŒ€μ›μ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ νŒ€μ›λ“€ μ•žμ—μ„œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‹œλ„λ‚˜ μžμ‹ μ˜ 취약점 λ…ΈμΆœμ— μ•ˆμ „ν•˜λ‹€κ³  λŠλ‚€λ‹€.
  2. μ‹ λ’°μ„±: μ„œλ‘œκ°€ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ–΄κΈ°μ§€ μ•Šκ³  높은 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ 일을 ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ‹ λ’°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”κ°€? νŒ€μ›μ€ κ³„νšλŒ€λ‘œ 일을 μ™„λ£Œν•˜κ³  κ΅¬κΈ€μ˜ 탁월함을 μœ„ν•œ 높은 기쀀을 λ§Œμ‘±ν•œλ‹€.
  3. ꡬ쑰와 λͺ…ν™•μ„±: λͺ©ν‘œ, μ—­ν•  그리고 μ‹€ν–‰ κ³„νšμ€ λͺ…ν™•ν•œκ°€? νŒ€μ›μ€ λͺ…ν™•ν•œ μ—­ν• , κ³„νš, λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ³  μžˆλ‹€.
  4. 일의 의미: 우리 κ°œκ°œμΈμ—κ²Œλ„ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 일을 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ°€? 일은 νŒ€μ›μ—κ²Œ κ°œμΈμ μœΌλ‘œλ„ μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€.
  5. 일의 영ν–₯: μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 근본적으둜 λ―Ώκ³  μžˆλŠ”κ°€? νŒ€μ›μ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 일이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜κ³  λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•œλ‹€.

We learned that there are five key dynamics that set successful teams apart from other teams at Google:

  1. Psychological safety: Can we take risks on this team without feeling insecure or embarrassed? Team members feel safe to take risks and be vulnerable in front of each other.
  2. Dependability: Can we count on each other to do high-quality work on time? Team members get things done on time and meet Google's high bar for excellence.
  3. Structure & clarity: Are goals, roles, and execution plans on our team clear? Team members have clear roles, plans, and goals.
  4. Meaning of work: Are we working on something that is personally important for each of us? Works is personally important to team members.
  5. Impact of work: Do we fundamentally believe that the work we're doing matters? Team members think their work matters and creates change.

λ§Œμ•½ μœ„μ˜ λ‹€μ„―κ°€μ§€ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— "예"라고 λ‹΅ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, μΆ•ν•˜ν•œλ‹€! 당신은 μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 높은 μ„±κ³Όμ˜ νŒ€μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ±°λ‹€. λ§Œμ•½ κ·Έλ ‡μ§€ μ•Šλ”λΌλ„ λͺ¨λ“  희망이 사라진 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€. μœ„ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 집쀑해야 ν•  곳이 어디인지, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ‚˜μ•„μ§ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€, 그리고 이 κ°œλ…μ„ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λ™λ£Œλ“€κ³Ό 체계적인 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 생각(figure out)을 λ•λŠ” μ†μ‰¬μš΄ 방법(shortcut)이닀.

If you answered "yes" to the five questions above, congrats! You're probably on a high performing team. And if not, not all hope is lost. This is a shortcut to help you figure out where to focus, how to get better, and a way to talk about this concept with your teammates in a structured way.

심리적 μ•ˆμ „κ°μ€ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 찾은 λ‹€μ„―κ°œμ˜ 핡심 μ—­ν•™ μ€‘μ—μ„œ μ›”λ“±νžˆ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 그것은 λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ 4개의 ν† λŒ€μ˜€λ‹€. μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 그럴 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ? λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ νŒ€μ›λ“€ μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ λͺ¨ν—˜μ„ ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 것 κ°™μ§€λ§Œ 당신이 μ°Έμ—¬ν–ˆλ˜ μ§€λ‚œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό λ– μ˜¬λ €λ³΄μž. 당신은 마치 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ§Œμ΄ μ˜ˆμ™ΈμΈ 것 처럼 보일 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ„ν—˜μ—†λŠ” λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό μš”κ΅¬ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ”κ°€? ν˜Ήμ€ 뭘 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œ μΈμ‹λ˜λŠ” 것을 ν”Όν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄, 무엇인가λ₯Ό λͺ…ν™•νžˆν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  μ§€μ†ν•˜λŠ” 것을 νƒν–ˆμ—ˆλ‚˜?

Psychological safety was far and away the most important of the five dynamics we found -- it's the underpinning of the other four. How could that be? Taking a risk around your team members seems simple. But remember the last time you were working on a project. Did you feel like you could ask what the goal was without the risk of sounding like you're the only one out of the loop? Or did you opt for continuing without clarifying anything, in order to avoid being perceived as someone who is unaware?

μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 우리의 μ—­λŸ‰, μ˜μ‹, 그리고 적극성을 λΆ€μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ 바라볼 수 μžˆμ„ λ§Œν•œ 일을 κΊΌλ¦°λ‹€. 비둝 이런 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 자기 λ³΄ν˜ΈλŠ” 직μž₯μ—μ„œ μžμ—°μ μΈ μ „λž΅μ΄μ§€λ§Œ, 효과적인 νŒ€μ›μ— ν•΄λ‘œμš΄ 것이닀. λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œνŽΈμœΌλ‘œ, μ•ˆμ „ν•œ νŒ€μ›λ“€μ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό κ³ λ°±ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 역할을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•  κ°€λŠ₯성이 더 λ†’λ‹€. 그리고 이것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ°ΎλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ€‘μš”ν•œ 관점에 κ½€ λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉœλ‹€. 높은 심리적 μ•ˆμ „κ°μ˜ νŒ€μ— μ†ν•œ νŒ€μ›μ€ ꡬ글을 λ– λ‚  κ°€λŠ₯성이 적고, κ·Έλ“€μ˜ νŒ€ λ™λ£Œλ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μ˜ νž˜μ„ ν™œμš©ν•  κ°€λŠ₯성이 λ†’κ³ , 더 λ§Žμ€ 이읡을 κ°€μ Έμ˜€κ³ , κ²½μ˜μ§„μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ’…μ’… λ‘λ°°λ‘œ 효과적인 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ ν‰κ°€λ°›λŠ”λ‹€.

Turns out, we're all reluctant to engage in behaviors that could negatively influence how others perceive our competence, awareness, and positivity. Although this kind of self-protection is a natural strategy in the workplace, it is detrimental to effective teamwork. On the flip side, the safer team members feel with one another, the more likely they are to admit mistakes, to partner, and to take on new roles. And it affects pretty much every important dimension we look at for employees. Individuals on teams with higher psychological safety are less likely to leave Google, they're more likely to harness the power of diverse ideas from their teammates, they bring in more revenue, and they're rated as effective twice as often by executives.

Googlers love data. But they don't want to sit idle with it. They want to act. So we created a tool called the gTeams exercise: a 10-minute pulse-check on the five dynamics, a report that summarizes how the team is doing, a live in-person conversation to discuss the results, and tailored developmental resources to help teams improve. Over the past year, more than 3,000 Googlers across 300 teams have used this tool. Of those Google teams, the ones that adopted a new group norm -- like kicking off every team meeting by sharing a risk taken in the previous week -- improved 6% on psychological safety ratings and 10% on structure and clarify ratings. Teams said that having a framework around team effectiveness and a forcing function to talk about these dynamics was missing previously and by far the most impactful part of the experience.

From sales teams in Dublin to engineering teams in Mountain View, we've seen that focusing on this framework helps all types of teams improve.