Network Models Overview - buaamer81/IT130-Networking-Wiki GitHub Wiki
Network Models Overview
📘 What is a Network Model?
A network model is a standardized framework that defines how data is transmitted, processed, and received across a network.
Think of it like a blueprint or a recipe — it ensures devices from different manufacturers can communicate by following the same rules.
🧱 Why Do We Need Network Models?
- To enable interoperability between hardware/software vendors.
- To break down complex communication into understandable layers.
- To assist with troubleshooting and network design.
🧩 Key Components of a Network Model
| Concept | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Layer | A logical level in the model (e.g., Transport Layer) |
| Protocol | Set of rules at each layer (e.g., TCP, IP, HTTP) |
| Encapsulation | Wrapping data with headers at each layer |
| PDU (Protocol Data Unit) | The data format used at each layer |
🔄 Two Major Models
| Model | Layers | Used For |
|---|---|---|
| OSI Model | 7 | Conceptual understanding |
| TCP IP Model Overview | 4 | Real-world communication |
📊 Visualization Example
When you send a message online:
- Data starts at your app (Layer 7 - OSI)
- It gets wrapped in layers (headers added)
- It travels across the physical network (Layer 1)
- Unwrapping happens at the receiving device
This process is known as Encapsulation → Transmission → Decapsulation
🔁 Related Pages
Return to: Chapter 2