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W3C Standards

Web Annotation Data Model

The Web Annotation Data Model is a W3C standard that defines a framework for creating and sharing annotations on web resources. Annotations can provide comments, explanations, or tags, and can be applied to many types of content, such as text, images, and videos.

  • The model is flexible and can be used to annotate a wide variety of resources.
  • Annotations can be linked across different sources and shared among multiple users.
  • The standard defines the structure of annotations using RDF, which helps maintain a consistent format.
  • Annotations include essential parts like targets (what is being annotated), bodies (the content of the annotation), and motivations (the reason for the annotation).
  • This model is crucial for making content more interactive, personalized, and enriched with contextual information.

Activity Streams 2.0

Activity Streams 2.0 is a W3C standard for representing and sharing social activities. It provides a common vocabulary for describing activities, allowing interoperability between social applications and other activity-centric systems.

  • Activities are represented in a structured format, making it easier for different systems to understand user actions such as posting, liking, sharing, or commenting.
  • Activity Streams 2.0 uses JSON-LD to create flexible, structured, and machine-readable data.
  • The vocabulary includes actors (who performed the action), verbs (what was done), and objects (the target of the action).
  • This standard helps in building and integrating features such as news feeds, social notifications, and activity tracking within applications.

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2 is a W3C standard that aims to make web content more accessible to individuals with disabilities. It provides a set of recommendations for web developers to follow to ensure web accessibility.

  • WCAG 2.2 builds upon the previous version (2.1) by adding new success criteria that focus on improving accessibility for users with cognitive or learning disabilities, low vision, and those using mobile devices.
  • The guidelines are organized under four principles: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust (abbreviated as POUR).
  • WCAG 2.2 success criteria are testable, which means developers can evaluate compliance through testing, ensuring content is accessible for a broader audience.
  • Examples of new criteria include improved focus indicators for users navigating with a keyboard, ensuring all controls are accessible by touch, and supporting users with different cognitive needs.

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