Fundamentals of computer networking - barialim/architecture GitHub Wiki

Learning objectives

In this module, you'll learn how to:

  • Describe the differences between WAN, PAN, and LAN.
  • List the different network protocols and network standards.
  • Describe network communication concepts like the TCP/IP model, DNS, and ports.
  • Describe how these core components map to Azure networking.

Overview

All networks are built on the same principles. You can apply these principles to design and build your organization's local or cloud-based networks. When you build a network, you need to know about the different types of networks, their topologies, and their uses.

In this unit, you'll explore some of the common types of network topologies that are used to create internet-based networks.

What is Network?

A network is a collection of network-enabled devices, typically made up of computers, switches, routers, printers, and servers. Networks are a fundamental part of day-to-day life and exist in homes, workplaces, and public areas. Networks allow all types of network-enabled devices to communicate.

Network Types

Networks vary in size, shape, and usage. To make it easier to identify different network types, they're categorized into one of the following network categories:

  • Personal area networks
  • Local area networks
  • Metropolitan area networks
  • Wide area networks

Azure hub-spoke

Azure hub-spoke is a reference architecture. The hub is usually an Azure virtual network that acts as the central connection point between the cloud and an on-premises network. Each spoke is also an Azure virtual network, usually connected to the hub via a peer network. Connections between the cloud and the on-premises network can be made through a VPN gateway or Azure ExpressRoute.

Azure ExpressRoute

An ExpressRoute connection is a dedicated circuit between an on-premises network and the cloud that uses a much higher bandwidth than a regular VPN gateway connection. An ExpressRoute circuit is hosted by a connectivity partner and provides a super-resilient connection.

Reference