Bash - auto-mate/CheatSheetWiki GitHub Wiki

Commands beginning with letter
a b c d
e f g h
i j k l
m n o p
q r s t
u v w x
y z Other

Other

cmd desc
. Run a command script in the current shell
!! Run the last command again
### Comment / Remark
cmd < file Input of cmd from file
cmd1 <(cmd2) Output of cmd2 as file input to cmd1
cmd > /dev/null Discard stdout of cmd
cmd &> file Every output of cmd to file
cmd1 cmd2
cmd1 & cmd2
cmd1 ; cmd2 Run cmd1 then cmd2
cmd1 && cmd2 Run cmd2 if cmd1 is successful
cmd1

a

cmd desc
alias Create an alias •
apropos Search Help manual pages (man -k)
apt-get Search for and install software packages
aptitude Search for and install software packages
aspell Spell Checker
awk Find and Replace text, db sort/validate/index awk

b

cmd desc
basename Strip directory and suffix from filenames
bc Arbitrary precision calculator language
bg Send to background
break Exit from a loop •
builtin Run a shell builtin
bzip2 Compress or decompresss named file(s)

c

cmd desc
cal Display a calendar
case Conditionally perform a command
cat Concatenate and print (display) the content of files
cd Change Directory
cfdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
chgrp Change group ownership
chmod Change access permissions
chown Change file owner and group
chroot Run a command with a different root directory
chkconfig System services (runlevel)
cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts
clear Clear terminal screen
cmp Compare two files
comm Compare two sorted files line by line
command Run a command - ignoring shell functions •
continue Resume the next iteration of a loop •
cp Copy one or more files to another location
cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands
crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time
csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces
cut Divide a file into several parts

d

cmd desc
date Display or change the date & time
dc Desk Calculator
dd disk dump,write disk headers, boot records
ddrescue Data recovery tool
declare Declare variables and give them attributes •
df Display free disk space
diff Display the differences between two files
diff3 Show differences among three files
dig DNS lookup
dir Briefly list directory contents
dircolors Colour setup for `ls'
dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path
dirs Display list of remembered directories
dmesg Print kernel & driver messages
du Estimate file space usage

e

cmd desc
echo Display message on screen •
egrep Search file(s) for match to extended expression
eject Eject removable media
enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands •
env Environment variables
ethtool Ethernet card settings
eval Evaluate several commands/arguments
exec Execute a command
exit Exit the shell
expect Automate applications accessed over a terminal
expand Convert tabs to spaces
export Set an environment variable
expr Evaluate expressions

f

cmd desc
false Do nothing, unsuccessfully
fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk
fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
fg Send job to foreground
fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
file Determine file type
find Search for files that meet a desired criteria
fmt Reformat paragraph text
fold Wrap text to fit a specified width.
for Expand words, and execute commands
format Format disks or tapes
free Display memory usage
fsck File system consistency check and repair
ftp File Transfer Protocol
function Define Function Macros
fuser Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file

g

cmd desc
gawk Find and Replace text within file(s)
getopts Parse positional parameters
grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
groupadd Add a user security group
groupdel Delete a group
groupmod Modify a group
groups Print group names a user is in
gzip Compress or decompress named file(s)

h

cmd desc
hash Remember full pathname of a name argument
head Output the first part of file(s)
help Display help for a built-in command •
history Command History
hostname Print or set system name
htop Interactive process viewer

I

cmd desc
iconv Convert the character set of a file
id Print user and group id's
if Conditionally perform a command
ifconfig Configure a network interface
ifdown Stop a network interface
ifup Start a network interface up
import Capture an X server screen and save to file
install Copy files and set attributes
ip Routing, devices and tunnels

j

cmd desc
jobs List active jobs •
join Join lines on a common field

k

cmd desc
kill Kill a process by specifying its PID
killall Kill processes by name

l

cmd desc
less Display output one screen at a time
let Perform arithmetic on shell variables •
link Create a link to a file
ln Create a symbolic link to a file
local Create variables •
locate Find files
logname Print current login name
logout Exit a login shell •
look Display lines beginning with a given string
lpc Line printer control program
lpr Off line print
lprint Print a file
lprintd Abort a print job
lprintq List the print queue
lprm Remove jobs from the print queue
ls List information about file(s)
lsof List open files

m

cmd desc
make Recompile a group of programs
man Help manual
mkdir Create new folder(s)
mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkisofs Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET etc
mknod Make block or character special files
more Display output one screen at a time
most Browse or page through a text file
mount Mount a file system
mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files
mtr Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping)
mv Move or rename files or directories
mmv Mass Move and rename (files)

n

cmd desc
netstat Networking information
nice Set the priority of a command or job
nl Number lines and write files
nohup Run a command immune to hangups
notify-send Send desktop notifications
nslookup Query Internet name servers interactively

o

cmd desc
open Open a file in its default application
op Operator access

p

cmd desc
passwd Modify a user password
paste Merge lines of files
pathchk Check file name portability
ping Test a network connection
pkill Kill processes by a full or partial name.
popd Restore previous value of the current directory
pr Prepare files for printing
printcap Printer capability database
printenv Print environment variables
printf Format and print data •
ps Process status
pushd Save and then change the current directory
pv Monitor the progress of data through a pipe
pwd Print Working Directory

q

cmd desc
quota Display disk usage and limits
quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage
quotactl Set disk quotas

r

cmd desc
ram ram disk device
rar Archive files with compression
rcp Copy files between two machines
read Read a line from standard input •
readarray Read from stdin into an array variable •
readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly
reboot Reboot the system
rename Rename files
renice Alter priority of running processes
remsync Synchronize remote files via email
return Exit a shell function
rev Reverse lines of a file
rm Remove files
rmdir Remove folder(s)
rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)

s

cmd desc
screen Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
scp Secure copy (remote file copy)
sdiff Merge two files interactively
sed Stream Editor
select Accept keyboard input
seq Print numeric sequences
set Manipulate shell variables and functions
sftp Secure File Transfer Program
shift Shift positional parameters
shopt Shell Options
shutdown Shutdown or restart linux
sleep Delay for a specified time
slocate Find files
sort Sort text files
source Run commands from a file '.'
split Split a file into fixed-size pieces
ssh Secure Shell client (remote login program)
stat Display file or file system status
strace Trace system calls and signals
su Substitute user identity
sudo Execute a command as another user
sum Print a checksum for a file
suspend Suspend execution of this shell •
sync Synchronize data on disk with memory

t

cmd desc
tail Output the last part of file
tar Store, list or extract files in an archive
tee Redirect output to multiple files
test Evaluate a conditional expression
time Measure Program running time
timeout Run a command with a time limit
times User and system times
touch Change file timestamps
top List processes running on the system
tput Set terminal-dependent capabilities, color, position
traceroute Trace Route to Host
trap Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)
tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
true Do nothing, successfully
tsort Topological sort
tty Print filename of terminal on stdin
type Describe a command •

u

cmd desc
ulimit Limit user resources •
umask Users file creation mask
umount Unmount a device
unalias Remove an alias •
uname Print system information
unexpand Convert spaces to tabs
uniq Uniquify files
units Convert units from one scale to another
unrar Extract files from a rar archive
unset Remove variable or function names
unshar Unpack shell archive scripts
until Execute commands (until error)
uptime Show uptime
useradd Create new user account
userdel Delete a user account
usermod Modify user account
users List users currently logged in
uuencode Encode a binary file
uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode

v

cmd desc
v Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vdir Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vi Text Editor
vmstat Report virtual memory statistics

w

cmd desc
wait Wait for a process to complete •
watch Execute/display a program periodically
wc Print byte, word, and line counts
whereis Search user's locations files for a program
which Search the user's $path for a program file
while Execute commands
who Print all usernames currently logged in
whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un')
wget Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
write Send a message to another user

x

cmd desc
xargs Execute utility, pass constructed argument list(s)
xdg-open Open a file/URL in user's preferred application.

y

cmd desc
yes Print a string until interrupted

z

cmd desc
zip Package and compress (archive) files.

awk

NB "" used to contine bash command on next line
awk 'program' file to parse e.g.
ex 1 print the first record where the file is delimeted by a single space and the fist record does not contain "e"

awk 'BEGIN {FS=" "} $1 !~ /e/ {print $1}' Documents/somedata.txt  

can have a BEGIN and END section where actions are completed before and after the inputed data or file e.g.

 awk 'BEGIN {FS=" "; print "FILE START";} $1 !~ /e/ {print $1;} \
      END { print "FILE END";}' Documents/somedata.txt  

use of if

 awk 'BEGIN {FS=" "; print "FILE START"}  {if ($1 == "ping") {print "YES > "$1} \
 else {print "NO > "$1} } END { print "FILE END"}'  Documents/somedata.txt  

functions

 awk 'function n(v)  { x = length(v); return x } ; \  
 BEGIN { FS=" "; print "FILE START";}  {print n($1)":"$1;}  \  
 END { print "FILE END"}' documents/writelog.bat  

variables and for loops

 awk 'myVar = 2; { for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++)  { print myVar i  ; myVar++; } }'  

some bult in functions

{ gsub(/Britain/, "United Kingdom"); print } # global sub via regex    
{ print length(x) ;}  # len of string  
split("cul-de-sac", a, "-", seps)  # puts split items in array a[n] "-" into array seps[n]  
sub(/at/, "ith", str) # one sub  
substr(string, 3, 3)  # substring  

Sample AWK program to make SQL inset from delimetered file.

# AWK PROGRAM TO CONVERT | DELIMITED FILE TO SQL INSERT STATEMENTS  
##################################################################  

# strings are trimmed and values have commas removed plus dates are reformated

# Main Functions
################
function nullStr(a)   { if(trim(a) == "") b="NULL";else b="'"clean(trim(a))"'"; return b }                                # rtn NULL or trimStr  
function nullVal(a)   { if(trim(a) == "" || length(trim(a)) == 0 ) b="NULL";else b=remComma(trim(a)); return b }          # rtn NULL or trimVal  
function sqlDate(a)   { if(trim(a) == "") b="NULL";else b="'"substr(a,7,4)"-"substr(a,4,2)"-"substr(a,1,2)"'"; return b } # rtn NULL or reform date  

# Sub Functions  
###############  
function clean(s)     { gsub(/'/, " ", s); return s }              # 
function ltrim(s)     { sub(/^[ \s\t\r\n]+/, "", s); return s }    # left  trims s
function rtrim(s)     { sub(/[ \s\t\r\n]+$/, "", s); return s }    # right trims s
function trim(s)      { return rtrim(ltrim(s)); }                  # whole trim  s
function remComma(s)  { gsub(/,/,"",s); if(s ~ /-/) {sub(/-/,"",s);return "-"s;} else return s ;}  # removes commas


# Main Program Converts Data to SQL Clear and Insert file  
#########################################################  
BEGIN {FS="|"; print "USE <DB_NAME>;\nGO\nDELETE FROM [<TABLE_NAME>];\n"} # FS = Field Separator NB RS is Record Separator 
#START File Process  
###################  
/^\|\s|\|[0-9]/ {print "BEGIN TRY" # For Any Line that starts "| " OR "|" then a number Begin Try is an SQL statement  
 print "INSERT INTO [<TABLE_NAME>] ";  
 print "( " ;  
 print "[<fieldName1>],[<fieldName2>],....[<fieldName(n)>],updated"; # where updated is a timestamp field  
 print ") VALUES (";  
 print nullStr( $3)","nullVal( $4)","sqlDate($15)",.....,'"strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",systime())"'"; # Note calc of updated  
 print ") END TRY";     # End Try       is an SQL statement  
 print "BEGIN CATCH";   # Begin Catch   is an SQL statement  
 print "print 'error'"; # print 'error' is an SQL statement   
 print "END CATCH";     # End Catch     is an SQL statement  
}  

To run on its own use:

awk.exe awktestprg.txt awktestrpt.txt msys-2.0.dll msys-gcc_s-seh-1.dll msys-gmp-10.dll msys-iconv-2.dll msys-intl-8.dll msys-mpfr-4.dll msys-ncursesw6.dll msys-readline7.dll

⚠️ **GitHub.com Fallback** ⚠️